HomeEducational ResourcesWorld Geography – Miscellaneous Topics Notes with PDF

World Geography – Miscellaneous Topics Notes with PDF

By October 4, 2025 Educational Resources 0 Comments

These notes are your ultimate revision weapon to revise World Geography – Miscellaneous Topics. We’ve distilled years of previous exam questions (PYQs) into one powerful, concise resource. Everything you need to know, nothing you don’t.

  • PYQs, Decoded: All key concepts from past exams, organized and simplified.
  • Revise in Record Time: Short, precise, and designed for last-minute review.
  • Focus on What Matters: Master high-probability topics and boost your confidence.
  • Free PDF to download.

Physical Geography & Oceanography

  • Ocean Currents & Marine Resources
    • The world’s most important fishing grounds are found where warm and cold oceanic currents meet.
    • The Grand Banks, a major fishing ground, is located off the eastern coast of North America.
  • Climatic & Weather Phenomena
    • An isohyet is a line on a map joining areas having the same rainfall.
    • The Harmattan is a dusty wind affecting West Africa, not East Africa.
  • Geomorphology (Landforms)
    • A Peneplain is a low-relief, almost flat landform resulting from prolonged river erosion.
    • Locations of Landforms:
      • Great Victoria Desert: Australia
      • Grand Canyon: U.S.A.
      • Southern Alps: New Zealand

Human & Cultural Geography

  • Philosophical Concepts
    • The concept of Neo-Determinism was advanced by Griffith Taylor (G. Taylor).
  • Cultural Regions
    • Geographers J.E. Spencer and W.L. Thomas divided the world into 12 Cultural Worlds in their book “Introducing Cultural Geography”.

World Geography (Location Specific)

  • Americas
    • Cuba is known as the ‘sugar bowl’ of the world.
    • The Appalachian Trail is in the U.S.A.
    • The Pampas grasslands are in Argentina (not Paraguay).
    • Lake Winnipeg is located in Canada.
  • Europe & Africa
    • The Atlas Mountains are located in Morocco.
    • Greece and Albania are part of the Balkan Peninsula, not the Iberian Peninsula.
    • The Nova Scotia coalfield is in Canada, not Kazakhstan.
  • Asia & Australia
    • Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.
    • The Kimberley region is in Australia.
    • The Seikan Rail Tunnel is in Japan, not China.

Famous Places & Nicknames

  • Golden Triangle: Major opium-producing area in Southeast Asia.
  • Bermuda Triangle: Region in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean, bounded by Southern Florida, Puerto Rico, and Bermuda (not extending to Hawaii).
  • Rice Bowl of the Far East: Myanmar
  • Red Basin: Region in China.
  • Copacabana Beach: Located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Basic Concepts

  • The Pole Star indicates the North direction.
  • The Earth is associated with Gravitation.
  • Greenland is surrounded by the Arctic Ocean.
  • An Explosion is associated with Sound.

Countries & Production

  • China is the largest producer of cotton in the world.
  • Italy is the largest producer of wine in the world.
  • As of a 2005 question context, the statement that “The U.S.A. is the leading producer of milk” was considered incorrect (India is now the largest producer).

Anthropology & Human Communities

Early Human Species

  • The word ‘Denisovan‘ refers to an early human species.

Contemporary Communities

  • Madhesi community: Nepal
  • Rohingya community: Myanmar
  • The Kurd community is not primarily associated with Bangladesh.

Science & Technology

Space and Satellites

  • Cape Kennedy is a satellite launch center in the U.S.A.
  • A geostationary satellite revolves at a fixed height.
  • Satellites from the U.S.A. helped prepare a detailed map of Antarctica.

Biology

  • The age of a tree can be determined by counting the number of rings on its stem.

Nuclear Power & Disasters

  • The first nuclear power station was established in Russia (then Soviet Union).
  • The Chernobyl nuclear disaster occurred in Ukraine.
  • Number of Nuclear Power Plants (as of 2013): Descending order: U.S.A. > France > Japan > Russia
  • Nuclear Power Capacity (as of 2012): Descending order: U.S.A. > France > Japan > Russia

International Organizations & Geopolitics

Headquarters of International Bodies

  • International Maritime Organization (IMO): London
  • International Court of Justice: The Hague
  • International Red Cross Society: Geneva
  • European Union (EU): Brussels
  • Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO): Rome (not New York)
  • SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation): Kathmandu, Nepal

International Groupings

  • ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
    • India is a “Dialogue Partner.”
    • Members include Vietnam, Cambodia, and Singapore.
  • OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)
    • Members include Algeria, Indonesia, and the U.A.E.
    • China is not a member.

Indian Foreign Policy

  • Look East Policy (now Act East Policy)
    • Objectives: Establishing India as a regional player in East Asia and restoring cultural ties with Southeast and East Asia.
    • It was not primarily aimed at plugging a vacuum created by the end of the Cold War.
  • A visa is required for the Kailash Mansarovar pilgrimage because it is located in Chinese Tibet.

World Geopolitics

  • Southeast Asia is geo-strategically significant due to its location between the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

Countries, Regions & Facts

Country-Specific Facts

  • India has the largest number of Post Offices in the world.
  • Australia is a Federal State.
  • Kyrgyzstan means “country of 40 tribes”.
  • China’s “Great Leap Forward” policy (late 1950s) led to millions of deaths from starvation.

Regions and Their Countries (Corrected)

  • Catalonia: Spain
  • Mindanao: Philippines
  • Aleppo: Syria
  • Mosul: Iraq (not Palestine)
  • Mazar-e-Sharif: Afghanistan
  • Crimea: Disputed between Ukraine and Russia (not Hungary)
  • Oromia: Ethiopia (not Nigeria)
  • Kirkuk: Iraq (not Yemen)

World Landmarks & Capitals

  • Leaning Tower of Pisa: Italy
  • Elysee Palace (French President’s residence): France
  • Petronas Towers: Malaysia
  • Rogun Dam: Tajikistan

Miscellaneous Facts

Biodiversity

  • Species diversity decreases from the equator towards the poles.
  • The tropics harbour more species than temperate areas.
  • The Amazonian rain forest has the greatest biodiversity.

India’s Power Generation (as of Sept 2016)

  • The descending order of power sources in India’s total installed capacity was: Hydro > Natural Gas > Nuclear > Diesel

Observatories & Days

  • The world’s highest ground-based telescopic observatory is located in India.
  • World Population Day is observed on July 11.

Seasons & Zoology

  • Christmas is celebrated in Australia during the summer season.
  • The Ostrich is the tallest among all flying birds (though it is flightless).

International Events

  • On 6th December 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.

Know More About World Geography – Miscellaneous Topics:

Related Posts