हिंदी में पढ़ें
1. The paleomagnetic results obtained from India indicate that in the past, the Indian landmass has moved :
(a) Northward
(b) Southward
(c) Eastward
(d) Westward
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998, I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (a) Northward
- Evidence from paleomagnetic results shows that the Indian landmass has shifted to the north.
- Paleomagnetism is the study of the Earth’s magnetic field in rocks, sediment, and artifacts, which provides insight into the Earth’s magnetic field in the past and the position of tectonic plates.
- According to the theory of continental drift, India was once a part of Gondwanaland, which included South America, Antarctica, Australia, Africa, and India.
- About 200 million years ago, this big landmass split up, and the Indian landmass moved northwards.
- The Vindhya and Western Ghat mountains were created during this time.
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2. The Indian subcontinent was originally part of a huge mass called :
(a) Jurassic land mass
(b) Aryavarta
(c) Indiana
(d) Gondwana Continent
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (d) Gondwana Continent
- The Indian subcontinent used to be part of an enormous landmass named Gondwana Continent. Gondwana was a very old supercontinent that split up around 200 million years ago.
- This continent then divided into different landmasses which we now know as Africa, South America, Australia, Antarctica, the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Peninsula.
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3. India is divided into how many Natural Territories?
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 8
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (a) 4
| India is divided into four main natural regions. These are |
It is further categorized into six sub-physical regions. |
| (i) Northern mountainous region |
(i) Northern Mountains |
| (ii) Large Plains |
(ii) Sindhu-Ganga Plains |
| (iii) Peninsular Plateau |
(iii) Thar desert |
| (iv) Coasts and Islands |
(iv) Central Highland and Deccan Plateau |
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(v) Coastal plains |
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(vi) Sea and Islands |
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4. In which part of Uttarakhand are artesian wells found?
(a) Bhabhar
(b) Tarai
(c) Shivalik Hills
(d) None of the above
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (b) Tarai
- A artesian well is a type of well that does not need a pump to bring water to the top.
- This happens because the pressure from the water in the ground is strong enough to push the water upwards.
- Artesian wells are mostly found in the Tarai Region of Uttarakhand.
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5. If there were no Himalayan ranges, what would have been the most likely geographical impact on India?
1. Most of the country would experience the cold waves from Siberia.
2. The Indo-Gangetic plain would be devoid of such extensive alluvial soils.
3. The pattern of monsoon would be different from what it is at present.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (d) 1, 2 and 3
- The Himalayas are important because without them, many parts of India would be much colder, the Indo-Gangetic plain would not have as much fertile soil, and the monsoon would be different. All these statements are true.
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6. Consider the following statements regarding the formation of landforms in India :
I. Structurally, the Meghalaya plateau is an extended part of the Deccan plateau.
II. The Valley of Kashmir was formed in a synclinorium.
III. The Gangetic plain was formed in a fore deep.
IV. The Himalayas originated as a result of the triangular convergence of the Indian plate, the European plate, and the Chinese plate.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) I, II and III
(b) I, III and IV
(c) I and III
(d) II and IV
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (a) I, II and III
- Meghalaya plateau is part of the Peninsular plateau.
- It was created when the Indian plate moved northeast and caused a big fault between the Rajmahal hills and the Meghalaya plateau.
- This fault was filled up by rivers. The Valley of Kashmir was formed in a dip in the land, while the Indo Gangetic basin was created when the Himalaya mountains rose after the India and China plates collided.
- Himalaya and Tibetan plateau were made because of the India and Eurasian plates bumping into each other. The Chinese plate is not part of the plate tectonics theory.
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7. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Geologically Peninsula region is India’s most ancient part.
(b) The Himalayan mountains demonstrate the most newly developed folded mountains in the world.
(c) The Western coastline of India is formed by the deposition process of the rivers.
(d) Gondwana rocks have the largest reserve of coal in India.
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) The Western coastline of India is formed by the deposition process of the rivers.
- The West coast of India is not made up of the rivers depositing things.
- It is created by land rising or sinking. The Gondwana rocks have the most coal in India and the Himalayas are the newest mountain range.
- Geologically speaking, the Peninsula is the oldest part of India. So, statement (c) is incorrect.
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8. Which one of the following geographical regions is the oldest in the country?
(a) Himalayan Mountainous Region
(b) Great Plains of North India
(c) Indian Peninsular Plateau
(d) Eastern Coastal Plains
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) Indian Peninsular Plateau
- The western part of India’s coast is not caused by rivers depositing materials. Rather, it is created by the land going underwater then emerging again.
- The Gondwana rocks have the most coal in India and the Himalayas are relatively new mountains.
- The Peninsular region is the oldest part of India, so statement (c) is wrong.
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9. Which of the following is a desert region?
(a) Sindhu area
(b) Gangetic area
(c) Assam area
(d) Central India area
[M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (a) Sindhu area
- The Indus Valley Region, also known as Sindhu, is a desert area in the Northwestern part of Punjab Province in Pakistan.
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10. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer:
| List-I |
List-II |
| A. Deccan Traps |
1. Late Cenozoic |
| B. Western Ghats |
2. Pre-Cambrian |
| C. Aravalli |
3. Cretaceous Eocene |
| D. Narmada -Tapti alluvial deposits |
4. Cambrian |
| |
5. Pleistocene |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 3 5 1 4
(b) 3 1 2 5
(c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 1 4 2 5
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) 3 1 2 5
- The correctly matched order is :
| The origin of the Deccan Traps |
Cretaceous Eocene |
| Origin of Western Ghats |
Late Cenozoic period |
| Origin of Aravalli Mountain |
Pre-Cambrian |
| Narmada-Tapi alluvial deposits |
Pleistocene period |
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11. Rajasthan desert or Thar desert is the expanse of which of the following?
(a) Pliocene
(b) Paleocene
(c) Pleistocene and recent deposits
(d) Oligocene
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (c) Pleistocene and recent deposits
- The Archeological Department has found that the Thar Desert has been around since the Ice Age, which was about 70,000 years ago.
- This time period of the Ice Age was from 2.5 million to 11,700 years ago.
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12. Kuttanad (or Kuttanadu) of Kerala is famous for :
(a) A freshwater lake
(b) The region with the lowest altitude in India
(c) A coral island
(d) The westernmost point of India
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) The region with the lowest altitude in India
- Kuttanad in Kerala is well-known for being the area with the lowest elevation in India.
- It is commonly referred to as the Rice Bowl of Kerala, with the farming taking place at a depth of 2.5 to 4 meters below sea level (4 to 10 feet).
- The Food and Agriculture Organization has declared the Kuttanad farming
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