1. Karamchand Gandhi was Diwan of-
(a) Porbandar
(b) Rajkot
(c) Bikaner
(d) All of these
[U.P P.C.S. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (d) All of these
- Karamchand Gandhi, the father of Mahatma Gandhi, was the ruler of several states and was nicknamed Kaba Gandhi.
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2. In which of the following colleges, did Gandhiji study?
(a) Samaldas College, Bhavnagar
(b) Dharmendrasinhji College, Rajkot
(c) Gujarat College, Ahmedabad
(d) Bahauddin College, Junagadh
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (a) Samaldas College, Bhavnagar
- Gandhiji attended Samaldas Arts College in Bhavnagar in 1885.
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3. Which of the following international events influenced the course of the national movement in India before the advent of Mahatma Gandhi?
1. Italian-Abyssinian War, 1898
2. Boxer Movement in China
3. Revolutionary Movement in Ireland
4. Victory of Japan in the Russo-Japanese War
Code :
(a) 1, 2, and 3 only
(c) only 1, 2 and 4
(c) only 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
- Before Mahatma Gandhi, there were some international events that had an impact on India’s national movement.
- The biggest influence was when Japan defeated Russia in 1905.
- This showed that a country in Asia could defeat a powerful European country through military power.
- This made people realize that white people weren’t invincible.
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4. The name of the magazine published by Mahatma Gandhi during his stay in South Africa was-:
(a) Navjeevan
(b) India Gazette
(c) Africaner
(d) Indian Opinion
[U.P P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (d) Indian Opinion
- In 1894, Gandhi started the ‘Natal Indian Congress’ in South Africa, and over the course of the movement, he was put in prison multiple times.
- He and his companions also built the ‘Tolstoy Farm’ and moved there.
- In South Africa, Gandhi also released a magazine called ‘Indian Opinion’ and established the ‘Phoenix Farm’ in Durban in December 1904.
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5. Where is Phoenix Farm?
(a) Suratgarh
(b) Essex England
(c) Durban ( South Africa)
(d) Kampala
[M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (c) Durban ( South Africa)
- In 1894, Gandhi started the Natal Indian Congress in South Africa.
- During this long process, he was sent to jail multiple times.
- Together with his colleagues, he started a place called Tolstoy Farm where he lived.
- He also created a magazine called “Indian Opinion” and Phoenix Farm in Durban in December 1904.
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6. M.K. Gandhi was a supporter of –
(a) Marxist socialism
(b) Category socialism
(c) Idealism
(d) Philosophical anarchism
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (d) Philosophical anarchism
- Gandhi’s thoughts were not based on idealism, but rather on practical idealism.
- His ideas have been compared to Utopian socialism, Philosophical Anarchism, Marxist beliefs, and even Western liberal thought.
- He believed that in an ideal non-violent state, each person would have a sense of self-governance and that there would be no need for the state to obey the laws.
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7. The twin principles of Mahatma Gandhi’s Ram Rajya were?
(a) Abolishment of untouchability and temperance
(b) Truth and non-violence
(c) Khadi and Spinning-wheel
(d) Right means and right ends
[U.P P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (b) Truth and non-violence
- Mahatma Gandhi’s idea of Ram Rajya was founded on the principles of truth and non-violence.
- He wanted to build a new society based on them.
- Some claim that Gandhi was inspired by Hinduism for his policy of truth and by the teachings of Buddha, Jain, and Christianity for non-violence.
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8. According to Gandhiji Non-Violence is:
(a) A way to attain truth
(b) A way to win political freedom
(c) The only way to realize God
(d) An end in itself
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (a) A way to attain truth
- Gandhi believed that truth was the same as reality.
- For him, truth was made up of things like being alive, being aware, and feeling joy.
- He also said that non-violence was the way to get to truth and that these two ideas were so linked that they could not be separated.
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9. Which of the following may be true regarding Gandhi?
(a) A Marxist without Marxism
(b) A Socialist without Socialism
(c) An Individualist without Individualism
(d) An Individualist among Socialist and a Marxist among Socialist
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) An Individualist among Socialist and a Marxist among Socialist
- Gandhi was connected to philosophical anarchism and had similarities to Marxist ideas.
- However, he did not want to get rid of the state completely as he felt humans were not able to manage their own collective affairs.
- He believed the power of the state should be limited.
- Gandhi told Louis Fischer that he was a true socialist and his goal was to achieve a society without classes or a government.
- Both Gandhi and Marx wanted to create a stateless society, but Gandhi used non-violence to do this while Marx used violence.
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10. Which one of the following was the last step in the Gandhian strategy of Satyagraha?
(a) Boycott
(b) Picket
(c) Fast
(d) Strike
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) Strike
- Gandhi’s plan of Satyagraha included a strike as the final step and fast as the first.
- He called fasting a “Fire Arrow”.
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11. Which of the following statements is not true as per Gandhian Principle?
(a) The aim of Satyagrahi is to defeat the enemy
(b) The weapon of Satyagraha is Ahimsa
(c) Satyagrahi should be firm in his belief
(d) Satyagrahi should have no ill feelings towards his enemies.
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (a) The aim of Satyagrahi is to defeat the enemy
- Gandhi’s Satyagraha refers to the use of non-violence as a stronger power than violence.
- The idea was that the oppressed would use peaceful protests and allow the oppressors to use as much force as they wanted until there was no more violence left.
- The goal was not to defeat the enemy but to alter their way of thinking.
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12. According to Gandhiji, the Cruelest form of violence is
(a) Persistence of poverty
(b) Killing of cows
(c) Killing of human beings
(d) Torture of women and children
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (a) Persistence of poverty
- Gandhiji believed that the worst kind of violence is when people are living in poverty.
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13. What idea is given by Gandhiji for family planning?
(a) Self-control
(b) Sterilization
(c) Restrain
(d) Loop
[M.P P.C.S (Pre) 1990]
Ans. (a) Self-control
- Gandhiji said that the best way to manage family size was to practice self-control.
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14. In which year Gandhi returned from South Africa?
(a) 1915
(b) 1917
(c) 1916
(d) 1918
[M.P P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (a) 1915
- Mahatma Gandhi was welcomed back to India in January 1915 with open arms due to his struggles and success in South Africa.
- He met Gopal Krishna Gokhale who became his political mentor and he then became involved in India’s political scene.
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15. How many years did Gandhiji live in South Africa?
(a) 20 years
(b) 21 years
(c) 16 years
(d) 15 years
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) 21 years
- Gandhiji stayed in South Africa for around 21 years.
- In 1893 when he was 24 years old, he travelled to South Africa to work on a legal case for a Gujarati businessman named Dada Abdulla.
- He came back to India in 1915.
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16. In which of the following railway stations of South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi was thrown out of the train?
(a) Johannesburg
(b) Pietermaritzburg
(c) Durban
(d) Pretoria
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Pietermaritzburg
- In 1893, Gandhi went to Durban, South Africa to work as a lawyer for Dada Abdulla.
- He was then asked to travel to Pretoria in the Transvaal.
- On his journey, Gandhi bought a first-class ticket and sat in the first-class compartment.
- However, a European passenger told railway officials that Gandhi could not be in that compartment, as it was for whites only.
- Gandhi refused to leave and produced his ticket, but the officials threatened to remove him by force.
- Eventually, Gandhi was pushed out of the train and his luggage was thrown onto the platform.
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17. With reference to the British colonial rule in India, consider the following statements :
1. Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of ‘indentured labor’.
2. In Lord Chelmsford’s ‘War Conference’, Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution on recruiting Indians for World War.
3. Consequent to the breaking of the Salt Law by the Indian people, the Indian National Congress was declared illegal by the colonial rulers.
Which of the statements given above is correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) 1 and 3 only
- Statement 1: During the early 1900s, Gandhi was instrumental in getting the indentured labor system abolished in the British Empire. C.F. Andrews contributed in the abolition campaign.
- Statement 2: Gandhi supported the resolution so, it is wrong.
Statement 1: During the early 1900s, Gandhi was instrumental in getting the indentured labor system abolished in the British Empire. C.F. Andrews contributed in the abolition campaign.
- Statement 2: Gandhi supported the resolution so, it is wrong.
- Statement 3: It is correct, INC was declared illegal.3: It is correct, INC was declared illegal.
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18. Which one of the following sessions of the Indian National Congress was for the first time attended by M.K. Gandhi:
(a) Lucknow Session, 1916
(b) Calcutta Session, 1901
(c) Amritsar Session, 1919
(d) Nagpur Session, 1920
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]
Ans. (b) Calcutta Session, 1901
- Mahatma Gandhi first went to the Indian National Congress in Calcutta in 1901.
- His resolution about South Africa was accepted at this meeting, which was led by Sir Dinshan Edulji Wacha.
- Prior to this, Gandhi had been in South Africa and came back to India in 1901 and set up a law practice in Bombay.
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19. Sabarmati Ashram, established by Mahatma Gandhi during India’s Independence movement, is located on the outskirts of :
(a) Gandhinagar
(b) Ahmedabad
(c) Rajkot
(d) Wardha
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (b) Ahmedabad
- Gandhi’s Satyagraha Ashram was first set up in Jivanlal Desai’s Kocharab Bungalow.
- Gandhi wanted to do more activities like farming and animal husbandry, so two years later, in 1917, he moved the Ashram to a bigger area of thirty-six acres on the Sabarmati River in Ahmedabad, which then became known as the Sabarmati Ashram.
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20. Mahatma Gandhi set up an Ashram on the banks of Sabarmati near Ahmedabad is known as:
(a) Sabarmati Ashram
(b) Harijan Ashram
(c) Satyagraha Ashram
(d) Swaraj Ashram
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (c) Satyagraha Ashram
- Gandhi initially set up his Satyagraha Ashram at the Kocharab Bungalow of Jivanlal Desai, who was Gandhi’s friend and lawyer.
- After two years, Gandhi moved the Ashram to a bigger area on the banks of the River Sabarmati in Ahmedabad.
- This new Ashram was called the Sabarmati Ashram and was spread across 36 acres.
- This allowed him to carry out activities such as farming and animal husbandry.
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21. Which one of the following Ashrams related to Mahatma Gandhi, is the oldest?
(a) Sabarmati
(b) Phoenix
(c) Wardha
(d) Sadaqat
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (b) Phoenix
- In 1904, Gandhi bought a piece of land close to Phoenix station and created the Phoenix settlement.
- This was the first Ashram that Gandhi established.
- It was reopened in the year 2000 on February 27th.
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22. Where did Gandhiji adopt ‘Seva Dharma’?
(a) Mumbai
(b) Shantiniketan
(c) South Africa
(d) Pune
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (c) South Africa
- When Mahatma Gandhi was in South Africa, he volunteered at charity hospitals run by Rustumji, helping out the poor people who were ill.
- He acted as a compounder and even assisted wounded Boer War soldiers.
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23. Who among the following was the ‘Political Guru’ of Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) C.R. Das
(b) Dadabhai Nauroji
(c) Tilak
(d) G.K. Gokhale
[U.P P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]
Ans. (d) G.K. Gokhale
- Gopal Krishna Gokhale was a major figure in the Indian Independence Movement against the British Empire.
- He was a mentor to Mahatma Gandhi and invited him to South Africa in 1912.
- Gandhi was a young lawyer at the time and gained knowledge and insight into India and the people’s struggles from Gokhale.
- By 1920, Gandhi had become the leader of the Indian Independence Movement.
- In his autobiography, Gandhi credited Gokhale as his mentor and guide.
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24. As per Mahatma Gandhi politics meant –
(a) Religionless politics
(b) Activity for public welfare
(c) Truthless politics
(d) None of the above
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (b) Activity for public welfare
- Gandhi saw politics as a way to help the public and improve their welfare.
- He believed in decentralizing power, which would involve giving more control to village Panchayats and improving their local government.
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25. Which of the following is not a feature of politics of the Gandhian model?
(a) Ethics
(b) Religion
(c) Humanity
(d) Authority
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) Authority
- Gandhiji’s views on politics contained three elements – morality, religion, and humanity – but there was no room for power or authority.
- He wanted to create a society without a government.
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26. Who among the following coined the word ‘Satyagraha’?
(a) Harilal Gandhi
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Ramdas Gandhi
(d) Manilal Gandhi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Mahatma Gandhi
- Magan Lal Gandhi, the nephew of Mahatma Gandhi, was the first to use the term ‘Sada Graha’ in a competition for which he was rewarded.
- The term means ‘truth and firmness’. Later on, Gandhi changed the phrase to ‘Satyagraha’.
- It is clear that Gandhi was the first to use the word.
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27. During India’s struggle for Independence which was the first to start ‘Satyagraha’?
(a) Sardar Patel
(b) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(c) Vinoba Bhave
(d) Mahatma Gandhi
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Mahatma Gandhi
- Satyagraha is a term made up of two words, “Satya” meaning truth, and “Agrah” meaning insistence.
- In plain English, it means insisting on truth.
- Mahatma Gandhi’s first successful Satyagraha was the Champaran Satyagraha of 1917.
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28. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is best known for which of the following?
(a) Use of passive resistance to achieve Indian Independence.
(b) Desire to establish an Islamic nation.
(c) Opposition to Hindus holding political office.
(d) Encouragement of violence to end British rule.
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (a) Use of passive resistance to achieve Indian Independence
- Gandhi fought for freedom in South Africa originally using the term ‘Inactive Resistance’.
- He later changed it to ‘Satyagraha’, which became the popular term during the struggle.
- He believed that Inactive Resistance was a political tool, while Satyagraha was a moral power.
- He compared them to the North and South poles, to illustrate the difference between the two.
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29. Who among the following had told: “Destruction is the best method of dealing with foreign clothes”?
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Chitranjan Das
(d) Subhas Chandra Bose
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) Mahatma Gandhi
- Gandhi believed that the best way to show respect for one’s country is to get rid of foreign clothing.
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30. Gandhi’s boycott of British-made products was effective because the British considered India, a major :
(a) Shipping center
(b) Industrial centre
(c) Market for manufactured goods
(d) Source of mineral resources
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (c) Market for manufactured goods
- Gandhi’s refusal to buy British products worked since India was a big market for their products.
- When people stopped buying British goods, it increased the sale of Indian-made goods like crafts and homemade items.
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31. What is the correct chronological sequence of the following events in the political life of Mahatma Gandhi?
1. Champaran Satyagrah
2. Ahmedabad Mill strike
3. Kheda Satyagraha
4. Non-cooperation Movement
Code :
(a) 2, 4, 3, 1
(b) 1, 2, 3, 4
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1
(d) 3, 4, 2, 1
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1993, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) 1, 2, 3, 4
- The chronological sequence of the political life of Mahatma Gandhi is as follows :
| Event |
Year |
| Champaran Satyagraha |
1917 |
| Ahmedabad Mill strike |
February-March,1918 |
| Kheda Satyagraha |
22 March,1918 |
| Non-cooperation movement |
1920-1922 |
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32. Who among the following was not a member of the Champaran Agrarian Enquiry Committee?
(a) F.G. Slay
(b) D.J. Reid
(c) Anugrah Narayan
(d) Mahatma Gandhi
[U.P. R.O. A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) Anugrah Narayan
- Frederick G. Slay was the head of the Champaran Agrarian Enquiry Committee.
- The other members of the committee were D.J. Reid, Mahatma Gandhi, L.C. Adami, Raja Hari Prasad, Narayan Singh, and G. Rainny.
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33. Which of the following was the first Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi in India?
(a) Ahmedabad
(b) Bardoli
(c) Champaran
(d) Individual
[64th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (c) Champaran
- In 1917, Mahatma Gandhi led the first Satyagraha in India in Champaran.
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34. Which of the following was Gandhiji’s first Satyagraha Movement in India in which he used Civil Disobedience?
(a) Champaran
(b) Kheda
(c) Ahmedabad
(d) Rowlatt Satyagraha
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (a) Champaran
- In 1917, Mahatma Gandhi led the first Civil Disobedience Movement in India in the Champaran district of Bihar.
- Raj Kumar Shukla invited Gandhi to help the farmers who were unhappy with the amount of money they were paid for growing indigo.
- Gandhi started a peaceful protest to fight for the farmers’ rights, and it eventually led to their demands being accepted.
- This was the first successful Satyagraha.
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35. Indigo cultivation in India declined by the beginning of the 20th century because of :
(a) peasant resistance to the oppressive conduct of planters
(b) its unprofitability in the world market because of new inventions
(c) national leaders’ opposition to the cultivation of indigo
(d) Government control over the planters
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (b) its unprofitability in the world market because of new inventions
- By the start of the 1900s, growing indigo in India stopped because a new type of indigo was created which made it not worth it to grow it for sale in the global market.
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36. Arrange the following events in the correct chronological sequence using the code given below:
1. Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act
2. Champaran Satyagraha
3. Kheda Peasant struggle
4. Ahmedabad Mill Strike
Code :
(a) 2, 4, 3, 1
(b) 1, 2, 3, 4
(c) 2, 1, 4, 3
(d) 3, 2, 4, 1
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (a) 2, 4, 3, 1
- After Mahatma Gandhi returned to India in 1915, he started a number of events.
- These included the Champaran Satyagraha, which was against forced Indigo farming, Ahmedabad Mill strikes due to the issue of the Plague bonus, and Kheda Satyagraha against high taxes imposed by the British.
- In 1919, he also started a Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act, which was meant to stop revolutionary activities in India.
- Chronologically, option (a) is correct.
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37. Which one of the following is a very significant aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha?
(a) Active all-India participation of lawyers, students, and women in the National Movement
(b) Active involvement of Dalit and Tribal communities of India in the National Movement
(c) Joining of peasant unrest to India’s National Movement
(d) Drastic decrease in the cultivation of plantation crops and commercial crops
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (c) Joining of peasant unrest to India’s National Movement
- The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first campaign of non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi.
- This was an important event, as it combined the struggle of Indian farmers with the Indian independence movement.
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38. Which of the following statements about Mahatma Gandhi are true?
1. He received his early education in Rajkot.
2. He married Kasturba at the age of 13.
3. He studied law at the Inner Temple, London.
4. He was most influenced by Ruskin’s book ‘Unto the Last’.
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
- Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2nd, 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat.
- He finished his early schooling in Rajkot and at the age of 13, he married Kasturba.
- He then studied law at the Inner Temple in London.
- The book ‘Unto the Last’ by John Ruskin had a large impact on him.
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39. Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest convictions were reflected in a book titled, “Unto The Last” and the book transformed his life. What was the message from the book that transformed Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) Uplifting the oppressed and poor is the moral responsibility of an educated man
(b) The good of the individual is contained in the good of all
(c) The life of celibacy and spiritual pursuit is essential for a noble life
(d) All the statements (a), (b), and (c) are correct in this context
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (b) The good of the individual is contained in the good of all
- During his stay in South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi read John Ruskin’s book, “Unto the Last.”
- In his autobiography, Gandhi said that the book changed his life.
- He believed that the message of this book was that the well-being of an individual is connected to the well-being of others.
- This concept inspired Gandhi to promote the idea of “the welfare of all.”
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40. Whose work has influenced the Gandhian concept?
(a) Ruskin
(b) Thoreau
(c) Tolstoy
(d) All the above
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) All the above
- Writers who were not religious had an impact on Gandhi’s beliefs.
- Henry David Thoreau’s essay on Civil Disobedience was especially influential for Gandhi.
- Additionally, from Ruskin, Gandhi learned to value physical labor and Tolstoy’s quote ‘the kingdom of God is within you’ inspired Gandhi’s Non-Violence Movement.
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41. Which of the following Movements is not related to Gandhiji?
(a) Swadeshi Movement
(b) Khilafat Movement
(c) Individual Satyagraha
(d) Quit India Movement
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (a) Swadeshi Movement
- Gandhi had nothing to do with the Swadeshi Movement.
- This Movement was created in 1905 to oppose the division of Bengal and continued until 1911.
- During those years, Gandhi was living in South Africa, and other movements were led by him.
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42. Which one of the following Satyagrahas was not led by Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) Quit India Movement
(b) Civil Disobedience
(c) Bardoli
(d) Kheda
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (c) Bardoli
- Gandhi was the leader of the Kheda Satyagraha in 1918, the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930, and the Quit India Movement in 1942.
- Meanwhile, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
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43. In the context of Indian history, which of the following statement is/are correct regarding Vaikom Satyagraha?
1. It was a satyagraha against untouchability and caste discrimination.
2. Mahatma Gandhi participated in this Satyagraha.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Codes :
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (c) Both 1 and 2
- The Vaikom Satyagraha was a protest in Travancore, now known as Kerala, against the unfair treatment of the lower-class people.
- It was to allow them to visit temples, and it was against discrimination based on caste.
- Mahatma Gandhi lent his support to the movement in 1925.
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44. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding Gandhi?
(a) Fought hard to improve the status of casteless untouchables
(b) Launched the Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Began the Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) All the above
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) All the above
- Gandhi’s main focus was on helping Harijans.
- He said it was a spiritual act and more important than getting food.
- He started the Non-Cooperation Movement and Civil Disobedience Movement.
- This makes option (d) the correct answer.
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45. Who was the first person to call Mahatma Gandhi, the ‘Father of Nation’?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) C. Raj Gopalachari
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
[U.P. P.S.C. (GIC) 2010, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008, Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2007, I.A.S (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (d) Subhash Chandra Bose
- Subhash Chandra Bose was the first person to refer to Mahatma Gandhi as the ‘Father of the Nation’.
- On July 6th, 1944, Bose spoke to Gandhi on Azad Hind Radio from Rangoon and said that India’s fight for freedom had begun.
- He asked for Gandhi’s support and blessings for this important struggle.
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46. The prefix ‘Mahatma’ was added with the name of Gandhi:
(a) During Champaran Satyagraha
(b) During the Satyagraha against Rowlatt Act
(c) In the Amritsar Session of the Indian National Congress, 1919
(d) At the beginning of the Khilafat Movement
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002, U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2001]
Ans. (a) During Champaran Satyagraha
- Rabindranath Tagore gave Gandhi the title “Mahatma” during the Champaran Satyagraha.
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47. Who of the following called Gandhiji ‘’Mahatma’’ for the first time?
(a) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya
(c) Rabindra Nath Tagore
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (c) Rabindra Nath Tagore
- Rabindranath Tagore gave Gandhi the title “Mahatma” during the Champaran Satyagraha movement.
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48. Who was the secretary of Mahatma Gandhi during Noakhali?
(a) Nirmal Kumar Bose
(b) Mahadeo Desai
(c) Pyare Lal
(d) Ballabh Bhai Patel
[41st B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (c) Pyare Lal
- Pyare Lal worked as Mahatma Gandhi’s secretary during the Noakhali period.
- His sister, Dr. Susheela Naiyar, served as Gandhi’s personal doctor.
- Pyare Lal also was an important part of the Dandi March.
|
49. In which of the following Satyagraha movements, did Gandhiji not participate directly?
(a) Rajkot Satyagraha
(b) Khera Satyagraha
(c) Vaikom Satyagraha
(d) Non-cooperation movement
[41st B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (c) Vaikom Satyagraha
- Gandhi did not join the Vaikom Satyagraha.
- However, he led the Rajkot Satyagraha, Khera Satyagraha, and Non-cooperation Movement.
- After a 4-day hunger strike, he agreed to reach a deal with the ruler of Rajkot that was mediated by the Viceroy after 4 days hunger strike in reference to Rajkot Satyagraha.
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50. When did Mahatma Gandhi come to Chhattisgarh first?
(a) 2 October,1906
(b) 20 December 1920
(c) 1 July, 1937
(d) 9 September,1942
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (b) 20 December, 1920
- Mahatma Gandhi first visited Chhattisgarh on December 20th, 1920 at Dhamtari in Raipur.
- He also came back to the area on November 24th, 1933.
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51. Who among the, following Gandhian followers was a teacher by profession?
(a) A. N. Sinha
(b) Braj Kishore Prasad
(c) J. B. Kripalani
(d) Rajendra Prasad
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (c) J. B. Kripalani
- J.B. Kriplani was primarily a teacher who followed the teachings of Gandhi.
- Rajendra Prashad was also a teacher for a period of time, however, his profession was originally law.
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52. Who among the following capitalists served as an AICC treasurer for many years and went to jail in 1930?
(a) G. D. Birla
(b) Jamnalal Bajaj
(c) J. R. D. Tata
(d) Balchand Hirachand
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (b) Jamnalal Bajaj
- Jamnalal Bajaj was special among business people because he was a full-time Congress supporter (he was treasurer of the AICC for a long time and went to prison in 1930).
- Balchand Hirachand wrote a letter to the FICCI in April, 1930 asking other businessmen to stop staying neutral and to join those fighting for Swaraj.
- In May 1930, FICCI also decided to boycott the Round Table Conference until Gandhi attended it and the Viceroy promised dominion status.
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53. Indian cotton merchant, banker; Congressman, and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi” The description fits with:
(a) G. D. Birla
(b) M. R. Jayakar
(c) Jamnalal Bajaj
(d) V. S. Shrinivas Sastri
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (c) Jamnalal Bajaj
- Jamnalal Bajaj was a renowned Indian industrialist, philanthropist, and freedom fighter.
- He was a very close associate of Mahatma Gandhi who referred to him as his ‘fifth son’.
- Bajaj was a member of the Indian National Congress and worked tirelessly on initiatives such as eradicating untouchability, allowing Harijans to enter Hindu temples, and encouraging the use of Khadi.
- He was also part of the Non-Cooperation Movement and rejected the title of ‘Rai Bahadur’ that was given to him by the British Government in 1921.
- The same year, he managed to bring Vinoba Bhave to Wardha to start a branch of Satyagraha Ashram.
- In 1923, he organized a tricolor flag procession in Nagpur despite the government banning it.
- As a result, he was sentenced to jail for 18 months and fined Rs. 3,000/-. His exemplary leadership during the Flag Satyagraha earned him the reputation of a national leader and hero.
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54. Mahatma Gandhi’s close English compatriot during the freedom movement was :
(a) Thomas Moore
(b) A. O. Hume
(c) Charles Andrews
(d) William Wavell
[46th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Charles Andrews
- Charles Andrews, also known as Deenbandhu Andrews, was a professor at St. Stephan’s College in Delhi.
- He had strong feelings for India and wanted to be an Indian himself.
- He was very close to Rabindranath Tagore, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Mahatma Gandhi and lived with the latter on Phoenix Farm.
- As a result of his love and care for the poor, Gandhi gave him the title of Deen Bandhu.
- Andrews was the president of All India Trade Union from 1925 to 1927 and he accompanied Gandhi to the Round Table Conference in London.
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55. Which of the following Muslim leader accompanied Mahatma Gandhi on his arrival in Chhattisgarh in 1920?
(a) Maulana Muhammad Ali
(b) Maulana Shauqat Ali
(c) Maulana Azad
(d) Maulana Rahmat Ali
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (b) Maulana Shauqat Ali
- Maulana Shaukat Ali was an Indian Muslim leader who lived from 1873 to 1938.
- He was arrested and put in prison for two years because he supported Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress during the Non-Cooperation Movement.
- He disagreed with the Nehru Report in 1928, and he went to the first and second Round Table conferences in London in 1930-31.
- He was also a member of the All-India Muslim League in 1936.
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56. Which one of the following Jails was named a ‘Mandir’ by Gandhiji?
(a) Naini
(b) Yarvada
(c) Cellular (Port Blair)
(d) Aghakhan Palace
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Yarvada
- Mahatma Gandhi was held in Yarvada Central Jail in Pune, Maharashtra for many years during India’s independence fight.
- He called it ‘Mandir’ and wrote a book called ‘Yerwada Mandir’ about it, which was published in 1932.
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57. At the time of India’s Independence, Mahatma Gandhi was:
(a) A member of the Congress Working Committee
(b) Not a member of the Congress
(c) The President of the Congress
(d) The General Secretary of the Congress
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (b) Not a member of the Congress
- When India gained its independence, Gandhi was not a part of the Congress.
- In 1934 he quit the Congress and never officially joined it again.
- Despite this, his strong leadership had a big impact on Indian politics.
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58. On the death of Mahatma Gandhi who said, ‘The light has gone out of our lives:
(a) Lord Mountbatten
(b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(c) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
[M.P P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (d) Jawaharlal Nehru
- On January 30th, 1948, Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist, killed Mahatma Gandhi.
- After his death, Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru said, “We are filled with sadness because the light of our lives has been taken away and we are in darkness.
- I don’t know what to say. Our beloved leader, Bapu (another name for Gandhi), who was the Father of the Nation, is no longer here.
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59. Who addressed Gandhiji as a ‘one-man boundary force’?
(a) Churchill
(b) Attlee
(c) Mountbatten
(d) Simon
[U.P.P.C.S. (Re. Exam) (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Mountbatten
- Lord Louis Mountbatten, the Governor-General of India, sent a message to Gandhi.
- He said that in Punjab they had a lot of soldiers because of the riots, while in Bengal they only had one person to deal with and no riots.
- He wanted to recognize the efforts of one person in Bengal and expressed his admiration.
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60. Which one of the following had commanded Mahatma Gandhi to spend the first year in India ‘with his ears open but his mouth shut?
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Pherozeshah Mehta
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- Mahatma Gandhi saw Gopal Krishna Gokhale as his teacher in politics, so he readily promised Gokhale that he would spend the first year in India learning about the country and listening carefully, without speaking.
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61. Who had advised Gandhiji to be an observer and student in the country for one year before entering Indian Politics?
(a) Annie Besant
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Rabindranath Tagore
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- Mahatma Gandhi respected Gopal Krishna Gokhale and thought of him as his mentor in politics.
- He made a commitment to Gokhale to spend the first year in India learning about it without speaking.
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62. Who among the following used to say “Wrong means never take us to right ends”?
(a) Sardar Patel
(b) M.K. Gandhi
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) M.K. Gandhi
- Mahatma Gandhi stated that the means and ends can’t be split up.
- Unethical methods cannot be used to achieve moral goals.
- Wrong methods will ruin the end result.
- He was sure that if we handled our means, the end would be handled too.
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63. Who among the following was the strong supporter of the principle that “Which is morally wrong, can never be politically right”?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Sardar Patel
(c) M. K. Gandhi
(d) C. Rajagopalachari
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (c) M. K. Gandhi
- M.K. Gandhi believed that it was never right to do something that was morally wrong, even if it was politically correct.
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64. Gandhiji started his first Satyagraha against:
(a) British attack on Turkey
(b) Government of India Act,1935
(c) Payment of low wages to workers
(d) Rowlatt Act.
[Uttarakhand P.C.S (Pre) 2002, U.P Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (c) Payment of low wages to workers
- In 1917, Gandhi began his first Satyagraha in India at Champaran, standing up for the rights of those who were poor and without any power.
- He showed the world that Satyagraha in South Africa was not a luck, but a powerful way to solve conflicts.
- Later, he got involved in a strike for Plague Bonus Labour at Ahmedabad Cotton Mill and even went on a hunger strike for the first time.
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65. In which of the following movements did Mahatma Gandhi make the first use of the hunger strike as a weapon?
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Rowlatt Satyagraha
(c) Ahmedabad Strike
(d) Bardoli Satyagraha
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (c) Ahmedabad Strike
- In 1917 Gandhi began his first Satyagraha in India at Champaran, standing up for the poor peasants who had been denied their rights.
- He showed the world that Satyagraha could be a successful way to resolve conflicts.
- In February-March of 1918, he joined a strike in Ahmedabad Cotton Mill over Plague Bonus Labour and began a hunger strike.
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66. Mahatma Gandhi delivered his first public speech in India at –
(a) Bombay
(b) Lucknow
(c) Champaran
(d) Varanasi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (d) Varanasi
- He made his first big speech in India at the launch of Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in February 1916.
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67. From where did Gandhiji launch his mission of freeing bonded labor?
(a) Patna
(b) Calcutta
(c) Bombay
(d) Gorakhpur
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (a) Patna
- Gandhiji went to Patna with Rajkumar Shukla on his way to Champaran.
- He began his fight to free the people who were being forced to do indigo farming by starting his first Satyagraha, which was called the Champaran
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68. Who participated in ‘Satyagraha’ started by Gandhiji at Ahmedabad in 1917-18?
(a) Cultivators class
(b) Industrial workers
(c) Public
(d) Middle Class
[39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (b) Industrial workers
- In 1917, Gandhi began his first major experiment with Satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar.
- In 1918, he worked in Ahmedabad with the industrial workers and cotton mill owners who were arguing about a Plague Bonus.
- Gandhi suggested the workers go on a strike and demand a 35% increase in the bonus.
- To support the workers, Gandhi went on a “fast unto death”.
- After 21 days, the mill owners agreed to submit the issue to a tribunal and the strike was ended.
- The workers won the 35% Bonus they had asked for.
- Gandhi was aided by his friend Ambalal Sarabhai’s sister Anasuya Behn in this struggle.
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69. Which of the following struggles of Mahatma Gandhi was related to industrial workers-
(a) Champaran Satyagrah
(b) Ahmadabad Satyagarah
(c) Kheda Satyagraha
(d) None of the above
[U.P P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (b) Ahmadabad Satyagarah
- In 1917, Gandhi conducted his first major experiment with Satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar.
- In 1918, he got involved in a dispute between workers and the owners of a cotton textile mill in Ahmedabad over Plague bonus, and he suggested the workers go on a strike and demand a 35% increase.
- To show his support, Gandhi went on a hunger strike and after 21 days, the mill owners agreed to submit the case to a tribunal.
- In the end, the workers were awarded the 35% bonus they had asked for.
- One of Gandhi’s friends, Ambalal Sarabhai’s sister Anasuya Behn, was a key ally in this struggle.
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70. For whom among the following was Ahmedabad Satyagraha launched?
(a) Farmers
(b) Cotton Mill Workers
(c) Jewellery artisans
(d) Press Freedom
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Cotton Mill Workers
- In 1917, Gandhi conducted his first major event of civil disobedience in Champaran, Bihar.
- In 1918, he advised workers in a cotton mill in Ahmedabad to go on strike and demand a 35% increase in the Plague Bonus.
- He then began a “fast unto death” to show his support for the workers.
- After 21 days, the mill owners agreed to submit the issue to a tribunal and the workers were awarded the bonus they had asked for.
- Anasuya Behn, the sister of one of Gandhi’s close friends, was one of the main people helping him with the struggle.
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71. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched regarding propounding the principle of Trusteeship of Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) South Africa – 1903
(b) London – 1904
(c) Delhi – 1905
(d) Ahmedabad – 1906
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (a) South Africa – 1903
- In 1903, Gandhi set up his own law office in Johannesburg and stayed there until 1910.
- Gandhi practiced the idea of Trusteeship.
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72. Which one of the following statements is not correct about the Gandhian economy?
(a) He laid emphasis on the economy based on nonviolence.
(b) Centralisation leads to exploitation and inequality, hence centralization is an opponent of the formation of a nonviolent society
(c) He was not in favor of mechanization in India
(d) He did not favor mechanization in the U.S.A.
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) He did not favor mechanization in the U.S.A.
- Gandhi believed that each country should have an economy that is suited to its climate, land, and the people who live there.
- For this reason, he did not oppose the mechanization of the US and supported options (a), (b) and (c).
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73. According to M.K. Gandhi socioeconomic improvement of untouchables can be brought about :
(a) By their temple entry
(b) By providing grant-in-aid
(c) By earmarking funds for their socioeconomic development
(d) By establishing a cottage industry for them
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) By establishing a cottage industry for them
- Gandhi was against any type of mistreatment.
- He believed that India’s growth was tied to the health of its villages, so he supported the growth of rural businesses, such as making clothes, silk, and crafts, which used family labor and not a lot of money.
- The resources were nearby and the goods were sold locally.
- He wanted cottage industries to be built in villages to give people jobs and reduce the need to move to cities.
- He also thought that cottage industries could help improve the lives of people who faced discrimination.
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74. What does ‘Gandhian Innovation’ mean?
(a) To produce more
(b) To produce in the domestic economy
(c) To produce for consumption
(d) To produce more from less input for more people
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (d) To produce more from less input for more people
- Prof. Prahlad and R.A. Mashelkar created the phrase “Gandhian Innovation” which means using fewer resources to help more people at a lower cost.
- In other words, it is about getting more out of less in order to serve more people.
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75. Which event occurred first?
(a) Kheda Satyagraha
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(d) Champaran Satyagraha
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Champaran Satyagraha
- The time period of events given is as follows –
| Kheda Satyagraha |
1918 |
| Civil Disobedience Movement |
1930 |
| Non-Cooperation Movement |
1920 |
| Champaran Satyagraha |
1917 |
- Hence, Champaran Satyagraha was an event that occurred first.
|
76. Tinkathia System in Champaran meant:
(a) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/20 area of land.
(b) Cultivation of Indigo on 3/19 area of land
(c) Cultivation of Indigo on 3/18 area of land
(d) None of the above
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) Cultivation of Indigo on the 3/20 area of land
- In the early 19th century, European planters made agreements with farmers to make them grow Indigo on the 3/20th of their land (Tinkathia System).
- However, by the late 19th century, German synthetic dyes made Indigo no longer needed in the market and the European planters tried to charge extra money from the cultivators to release them from the obligation of cultivating Indigo.
- In 1908, people started to oppose the planters but it was not until Rajkumar Shukla (a local man) asked Gandhi to go to Champaran and look into the matter that things started to change.
|
77. Who drew Gandhiji’s attention to the plight of indigo peasants in Champaran?
(a) Rajendra Prasad
(b) Anugrah Narayan Sinha
(c) Acharya Kripalani
(d) Raj Kumar Shukla
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (d) Raj Kumar Shukla
- In the early 19th century, European planters made agreements with cultivators that required them to grow Indigo on 3/20th of their land (the Tinkathia System).
- By the end of the 19th century, the market for Indigo had decreased due to German synthetic dyes.
- The European planters of Champaran tried to make the cultivators pay more rent and other fees in exchange for not having to grow Indigo.
- People began to resist this in 1908, but it wasn’t until Rajkumar Shukla, a local man, asked Gandhi to come investigate that the momentum for change really began.
|
78. The Champaran Movement was basically against
(a) Land revenue
(b) cash crops
(c) agricultural policies of the British Government
(d) Land grants
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. Re-Exam (Pre) 2020]
Ans (b) cash crops
- In the early 1800s, European planters made contracts with farmers that forced them to plant Indigo on the 3/20th of their land (Tinkathia System).
- By the end of the 19th century, German synthetic dyes replaced Indigo in the market, so the planters tried to get the farmers to pay more rent and other fees in exchange for being released from the contracts.
- In 1908, some people resisted, but things really changed when a local person (Rajkumar Shukla) brought in Gandhi to investigate what was happening.
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79. At which place in Bihar, Gandhiji started the Satyagraha movement for the first time in India :
(a) Patna
(b) Gaya
(c) Madhubani
(d) Champaran
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (d) Champaran
- In the early 19th century, European planters forced local farmers to grow Indigo on 3/20th of their land (known as Tinkathia System).
- But by the end of the 19th century, German synthetic dyes made Indigo unprofitable and the European planters tried to raise rents and demand other illegal fees in exchange for releasing the farmers from the obligation.
- In 1908, resistance started, but it was Rajkumar Shukla, a local man inspired by Gandhiji, who got him to visit Champaran and look into the issue.
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80. Gandhiji’s Champaran Movement was for :
(a) The Security of the rights of Harijans
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement
(c) Maintaining of unity of Hindu Society
(d) Solving the problems of Indigo worker
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]
Ans. (d) Solving the problems of Indigo worker
- In the early 1800s, European planters made agreements with local farmers that forced them to grow Indigo on 3/20th of their land (the Tinkathia System).
- Later on, German synthetic dyes made Indigo no longer profitable and the planters tried to make the farmers pay more money and other fees to get out of the agreement.
- In 1908, some people started to fight back but it wasn’t until Rajkumar Shukla, a local man, asked Gandhi to come investigate the problem that the movement really gained traction.
|
81. Champaran Satyagraha was related to :
(a) Ezaredari
(b) Tinkathia
(c) Jenmis
(d) None
[39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (b) Tinkathia
- In the early 19th century, European planters made farmers in Champaran grow indigo on 3/20th of their land (Tinkathia System).
- By the end of the 19th century, German synthetic dyes replaced indigo, causing the European planters to try and get more money from the farmers in exchange for them not having to grow indigo.
- People started to resist this in 1908, but it was only when Rajkumar Shukla (a local man) asked Gandhi to come and look into the issue that something happened.
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82. The system of ‘Tinkathia’ in the district of Champaran meant:
(a) Cultivation of Indigo by the peasant on 3/20 part of the land
(b) Cultivation of Indigo by the peasants on 3/21 part of the land
(c) Cultivation of Indigo by the peasants on 3/19 part of the land
(d) None of the above
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (a) Cultivation of Indigo by the peasant on 3/20 part of the land
- At the start of the 19th century, European planters made agreements with farmers that made them grow indigo on 3/20ths of their land.
- Later, when German dyes made indigo not as popular, the planters tried to increase rents and other payments to make up for not growing indigo anymore.
- People were upset and in 1908, a local man named Rajkumar Shukla asked Gandhi to come to investigate. This is the start of the story of Champaran.
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83. With which place and cultivation ‘Tinkathia’ Kanoon is related?
(a) Gorakhpur – Opium
(b) Begusarai – Paddy
(c) Champaran – Indigo (Neel)
(d) Burdwan – Paddy
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (c) Champaran – Indigo (Neel)
- The Tinkathia Kanoon (System) was a rule that required farmers in Champaran to grow Indigo on 3/20ths of their land.
- In 1917, Gandhi started his first protest in Champaran.
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84. Consider the following statements:
1. Dr. Rajendra Prasad persuaded Mahatma Gandhi to come to Champaran to investigate the problem of peasants.
2. Acharya J.B. Kripalani was one of Mahatma Gandhi’s colleagues in his Champaran investigation.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) 2 only
- Rajkumar Shukla convinced Gandhi to come to Champaran and look into the issues there.
- Acharya J.B. Kripalani was part of Gandhi’s team in this investigation.
- Rajendra Prasad, Mahadev Desai, C.F. Andrews, Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Raj Kishor Prasad, and H.S.
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85. Who drew Mahatma Gandhi’s attention towards the exploitation of the peasants by the European Indigo planters?
(a) Baba Ram Chandra
(b) Raj Kumar Shukla
(c) Swami Sahajananda Saraswati
(d) Sri Krishna Sinha
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (b) Raj Kumar Shukla
- Rajkumar Shukla chose to obey Gandhi and asked him to come to Champaran to look into the situation.
- Acharya J.B. Kripalani was one of Gandhi’s partners in his research of Champaran.
- Other people who worked with Gandhi during the Champaran Movement were Rajendra Prasad, Mahadev Desai, C.F. Andrews, Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Raj
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86. Who invited Gandhiji Champaran?
(a) Rajendra Prasad
(b) Raj Kumar Shukla
(c) Mazharul Haq
(d) Krishna Sahay
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (b) Raj Kumar Shukla
- Rajkumar Shukla asked Mahatma Gandhi to come to Champaran and meet him in Lucknow.
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87. Which one of the following is associated with the Champaran Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) Vallabhbhai Patel
(b) Madan Mohan Malviya
(c) Shaukat Ali
(d) Raj Kumar Shukla
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Raj Kumar Shukla
- Rajkumar Shukla asked Mahatma Gandhi to come to Champaran, meeting him in Lucknow.
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88. Those who joined Mahatma Gandhi during the Champaran Satyagraha included:
(a) Vallabh Bhai Patel and Vinoba Bhave
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru and Rajendra Prasad
(c) Rajendra Prasad and Anugraha Narain Sinha
(d) Mahadev Desai and Maniben Patel
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (c) Rajendra Prasad and Anugraha Narain Sinha
- Rajkumar Shukla asked Mahatma Gandhi to come to Champaran and meet him in Lucknow.
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89. The person not connected with the Champaran movement was-
(a) Rajendra Prasad
(b) Anugrah Narayan Sinha
(c) J.B. Kripalani
(d) Jai Prakash Narayan
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (d) Jai Prakash Narayan
- Jai Prakash Narayan was not part of the Champaran Movement, while the other names mentioned were involved in it.
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90. After returning from South Africa, Gandhiji launched his first successful Satyagraha in :
(a) Chauri-Chaura
(b) Dandi
(c) Champaran
(d) Bardoli
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2011, I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (c) Champaran
- In 1915, Gandhi returned from South Africa and in 1917 he began his first successful Satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar.
- This was done at the request of the poor peasants, who were being mistreated by the indigo planters in the area.
- Rajkumar Shukla invited Gandhi to come and see the grievances of the peasants.
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91. In which Farmers’ Movement did Mahatma Gandhi participate first of all?
(a) Khera
(b) Champaran
(c) Bardoli
(d) Baroda
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) Champaran
- In 1917, Gandhi started the Satyagraha Movement and held his first Satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar.
- The peasants in the area were very mistreated and asked Gandhi to help them.
- Gandhi had just returned to India from South Africa in 1915 and accepted the call of Rajkumar Shukla, launching his first successful Satyagraha in Champaran.
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92. At which one of the following places did Mahatma Gandhi first start his Satyagraha in India?
(a) Ahmedabad
(b) Bardoli
(c) Champaran
(d) Kheda
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2011, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009, I.A.S. (Pre) 2007, U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (c) Champaran
- In 1917, Gandhi started the Satyagraha Movement and held his first Satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar.
- The farmers of the area asked him to come and witness the injustices they were facing from the indigo planters.
- Gandhi had recently returned from South Africa and, in response to a request from Rajkumar Shukla, he launched his first successful Satyagraha in Champaran.
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93. At which place in Bihar Gandhiji had his first Satyagraha?
(a) Champaran
(b) Chhapra
(c) Bettiah
(d) Patna
[56th to 59th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) Champaran
- Gandhi, who was a leader of the Satyagraha Movement, started his first Satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar in 1917.
- The poor farmers who were being taken advantage of asked Gandhi to come and help them.
- After returning from South Africa in 1915, Gandhi began his first successful Satyagraha in Champaran in 1917 at the request of Rajkumar Shukla.
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94. Who amongst the following invited Mahatma Gandhi to Champaran in connection with indigo cultivation?
(a) J. B. Kriplani
(b) Rajendra Prasad
(c) Raj Kumar Shukla
(d) Motilal Nehru
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (c) Raj Kumar Shukla
- Raj Kumar Shukla, a farmer who grew indigo, asked Mahatma Gandhi to come to Champaran to talk about indigo farming.
- Gandhi came to Champaran on April 10th, 1917 along with well-known lawyers Brajkishore, Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Acharya Kriplani, and others.
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95. Which one of the following statements is not correct about Champaran Satyagraha?
(a) It was connected with the peasants
(b) It was launched against the ‘Tinkathia’ system
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad and J.B. Kripalani co-operated with M.K. Gandhi in it.
(d) It was the first movement launched by M.K. Gandhi on the All-India level.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]
Ans. (d) It was the first movement launched by M.K. Gandhi on the All-India level.
- The Champaran Satyagraha only took place in the Champaran district.
- It was the first protest led by Gandhi on a national level, called the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919.
- All three options are correct when talking about Champaran
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96. Who was the National Leader of the Champaran Indigo movement?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Birsa Munda
(c) Baba Ramchandra
(d) Ram Singh
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) Mahatma Gandhi
- The person in charge of the Champaran Indigo Movement in India was Mahatma Gandhi.
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97. Who had opposed the Champaran Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi?
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) N.G Ranga
(c) Rajkumar Shukla
(d) Rajendra Prasad
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (b) N.G Ranga
- N.G. Ranga disagreed with Mahatma Gandhi’s Champaran Satyagraha movement, even though Rabindranath Tagore called him a ‘Mahatma’ during this movement.
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98. What was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to organize a Satyagraha on behalf of the peasants of Kheda?
1. The Administration did not suspend the land revenue collection in spite of a drought.
2. The Administration proposed to introduce Permanent Settlement in Gujarat
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (a) 1 only
- In Kheda, Gujarat, the people were often poor, hungry, and treated unfairly by the British.
- The famine ruined the area’s farming industry.
- The revolt was against the taxes and rents that the British were making them pay.
- The government said that if the taxes weren’t paid, their property would be taken away.
- Therefore, statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect.
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