1. Who amongst the following Generals of Alauddin Khalji, ultimately became the first Sultan of the Tughluq dynasty:
(a) Ghazi Malik
(b) Malik Kafur
(c) Zafar Khan
(d) Ubigh Khan
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) Ghazi Malik
- Ghiyasuddin Tughluq was the founder and first ruler of the Tughluq dynasty and was a commander of Allauddin.
- His parents were a Hindu Jat woman and a Qaraunah Turk (a slave of Balban).
- During Allauddin’s reign, Ghiyasuddin was a chief commander and governor of Depalpur.
- He was nicknamed ‘Malik-ul-Ghazi’ after successfully defeating the Mongols 29 times.
- On September 8, 1320, A.D., he assassinated Khusrau Shah and began ruling as the first Sultan of the Tughluq dynasty, and his descendants were also known as ‘Tughluq’.
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2. Ghazi Malik was the founder of which dynasty?
(a) Tughluq
(b) Khalji
(c) Sayyid
(d) Lodi
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (a) Tughluq
- Ghazi Malik was the first ruler of the Tughluq dynasty.
- His mother was a Hindu Jat and his father was a Qaraunah Turk who was a slave of Balban.
- During Alauddin’s reign, Ghiyasuddin Tughluq was a major commander and was given the title of ‘Malik-ul-Ghazi’ after defeating the Mongols 29 times.
- He took the throne of Delhi in September 1320 by killing Khusrau Shah.
- He was also known as Ghazi Beigh Tughluq or Ghazi Tughluq, and his descendants were called ‘Tughluq’.
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3. During the reign of which of the following Sultan of Delhi, Hindu gods, and goddesses were worshipped in royal palaces?
(a) Qutb-ud-din Mubarak Khilji
(b) Nasiruddin Mahmud
(c) Nasiruddin Khusro Shah
(d) Alauddin Masud Shah
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (c) Nasiruddin Khusro Shah
- Khusro Khan became the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate after eliminating the last Khalji leader, Mubarak Shah, in 1320.
- He was a Hindu convert and only stayed the Sultan for two months.
- During his rule, Hindu gods and goddesses were venerated in the royal palaces.
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4. The Sultans of which dynasty ruled the country for the longest period?
(a) Khalji dynasty
(b) Lodi dynasty
(c) Slave dynasty
(d) Tughluq dynasty
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (d) Tughluq dynasty
- The Slave dynasty was in charge from 1206 to 1290, the Khalji dynasty held power from 1290 to 1320, the Lodi dynasty reigned from 1451 to 1526, and the Tughluq dynasty lasted the longest, ruling from 1320 to 1412.
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5. The most learned ruler of the Delhi sultanate who was well-versed in various branches of learning including Astronomy, Mathematics, and Medicine was
(a) Iltutmish
(b) Alauddin Khalji
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Sikandar Lodi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]
Ans. (c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq was the Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate during the years 1325-1351 and was the most educated of all the rulers.
- He was very knowledgeable in astronomy, mathematics, medical science, and other genres.
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6. Which Sultan introduced the new Department “Aamir-eKohi”?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Sikandar Lodi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004, Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq created a new department ‘Diwan-i-Amir-i-Kohi’ (also known as Diwan-i-Kohi) to help improve farming.
- He chose an area of 60 square miles and made changes to the land to help different types of crops thrive through crop rotation.
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7. Who among the following rulers established the ‘Diwani-Amir-Kohi’ department?
(a) Balban
(b) Allaunddin Khalji
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Firuz Shah Tughluq
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq set up the ‘Diwan-i-Amir-i-Kohi’ or Diwan-i-Kohi department to improve farming.
- They chose an area of 60 square miles to carry out agrarian reforms, with different crops grown by periodically rotating them.
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8. The department of ‘Diwan-i-Amir-Kohi’ dealt with which of the following during the Sultanate period?
(a) Army
(b) Revenue
(c) Agriculture
(d) Entertainment
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (c) Agriculture
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq created a special department called ‘Diwan-i-Amir-i-Kohi’ or Diwan-i-Kohi to help the farming industry.
- He chose an area of 60 square miles for this and changed the farming practices, including crop rotation for different types of crops
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9. Which Sultan of Delhi had established a separate Agriculture Department and had planned the ‘rotation of crops’?
(a) Iltutmish
(b) Balban
(c) Alauddin Khalji
(d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2008, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq created a new department called ‘Diwan-i-Amir-i-Kohi’ or Diwan-i-Kohi to try to improve farming.
- They chose an area of 60 square miles to focus on and changed the land so they could grow different crops, rotating the types
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10. Diwan-E-Kohi is associated with–
(a) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(b) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(c) Akbar
(d) Alauddin Khalji
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]
Ans. (a) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq created a department, called Diwan-i-Amir-i-Kohi or Diwan-i-Kohi, to help with the improvement of farming.
- He picked an area of 60 square miles to do this.
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11. Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq had transferred his capital from Delhi to –
(a) Daulatabad
(b) Kalinjeb
(c) Kanauj
(d) Lahore
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (a) Daulatabad
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq moved his capital from Delhi to a place called Daulatabad (formerly known as Devgiri).
- It was a big experiment for him. Different reasons were given for why he did this.
- According to Barani, Devgiri was at the center of his empire.
- Ibn Battuta said that the people of Delhi wrote disrespectful letters to the Sultan, and he decided to move his capital to punish them.
- Muhammad Tughluq was the first Sultan of Delhi to try to unite the north and south of India, which may have been why he moved.
- Dr. A.K. Nizami mentioned that Sultan Qutbuddin Mubarak Khalji changed Devgiri’s name to Qutbabad and Muhammad Tughluq changed it to Daulatabad.
- It is also known as Quwwat-ul-Islam.
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12. The transfer of capital from Delhi to Daulatabad was ordered by :
(a) Sultan Firuz Tughluq
(b) Sultan Ghiyasuddin Tuqhluq
(c) Sultan Mubarak
(d) Sultan Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (d) Sultan Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq moved his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (formerly known as Devgiri).
- This was a major decision of his and there were a few reasons for this.
- Barani suggested that Devgiri was located in the center of the empire, and Ibn Battuta said that the people of Delhi had been disrespectful in their letters to the Sultan, so he wanted to punish them by moving the capital.
- Muhammad Tughluq was the first Sultan to try to bring northern and southern India together, which could have been another reason he decided to move.
- Dr. A.K. Nizami mentioned that Sultan Qutbuddin Mubarak Khalji had changed the name of Devgiri to Qutbabad and Muhammad Tughluq to Daulatabad, and Devgiri is also known as Quwwat-ul-Islam.
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13. For the first time, the token currency was introduced in India by :
(a) Akbar
(b) Alauddin Khalji
(c) Bahlul Lodi
(d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- During the reign of Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq, various types of coins were created and their prices were determined.
- He was especially known for his use of token currency.
- According to Barani, this type of currency was used due to the lack of silver in the treasury and the ambition to expand the empire.
- The same type of currency had been used in Iran by Qairwat Khan, but it was unsuccessful.
- However, Muhammad Tughluq was inspired by the successful use of token currency by Kublai Khan in China.
- Modern historians note that there was a global shortage of silver, including in India, which is why token currency was used.
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14. Who among the following was the first Sultan to introduce token currency in India?
(a) Iltutmish
(b) Balban
(c) Muhammad-Bin Tughluq
(d) Bahlul Lodi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (c) Muhammad-Bin Tughluq
- During Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq’s rule, he created various kinds of coins and set their prices.
- His main achievement was issuing token currency.
- According to Barani, this was a result of not having enough silver for the treasury and wanting to expand the kingdom.
- Token currency had already been attempted in Iran by Qairwat Khan but failed.
- However, it had been used successfully in China under Kublai Khan, which is what inspired Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq.
- Modern historians also state that there was a worldwide silver shortage, including in India, which is why token currency was created.
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15. Assertion (A): Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq issued a new gold coin which was called Dinar by Ibn Battuta.
Reason (R): Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq wanted to issue token currency in gold coins to promote trade with West Asian and North African countries.
Code :
(a) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true individually and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
(b) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are individually true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’.
(c) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false.
(d) ‘A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (c) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false.
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq introduced a new type of gold coin called ‘Dinar’ according to Ibn Battuta.
- He issued this currency for military purposes, not for trading with the West Asian and North African countries.
- Therefore, statement (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
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16. Consider the following statements-
Assertion (A): The scheme of the token currency of Muhammad Tughluq proved unsuccessful.
Reason (R): Muhammad Tughluq did not have the proper control over currency issues.
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are individually true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are individually true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (a) Both (A) and (R) are individually true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
- Muhammad Tughluq had five plans – raising taxes in the Doab area, making Devgiri the capital, introducing token currency, attacking Khurasan, and an unsuccessful Qarachil expedition.
- The token currency system failed because the government had no power to regulate how coins were made.
- The token money was equal to silver money, and this led to people making fake coins.
- As a result, they were able to pay taxes with these fake coins.
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17. Ibn Battuta, the Moorish traveler, visited India during the reign of :
(a) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(b) Babar
(c) Akbar
(d) Mahmud Ghazni
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2013, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (a) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Ibn Battuta was a Moroccan traveler from Africa who journeyed to India during the reign of Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq.
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq appointed him as the Qazi of Delhi.
- In 1342 AD, he was sent to China as a representative of the Sultan. He documented his travels in his book.
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18. Medieval traveler and writer Ibn Batuta belonged to which country?
(a) Persia
(b) Morocco
(c) Egypt
(d) Afghanistan
[Chattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) Morocco
- Ibn Battuta, an African traveler from Morocco, arrived in India during the rule of Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq.
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq made him a Qazi of Delhi.
- In 1342 AD, he was sent to China as an ambassador of the Sultan and wrote about his trip in a book called Kitab-al-Rihla.
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19. Ibn Battuta visited India during the reign of :
(a) Bahlul Lodi
(b) Firuz Tughluq
(c) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
(d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]
Ans. (d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Ibn Battuta, who was from Morocco in Africa, visited India during the reign of Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq.
- He was then appointed as Qazi of Delhi.
- In 1342 AD, he was sent to China as a representative of the Sultan and wrote about his travels in a book called Kitab-al-Rihla.
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20. Which of the following has given a detailed description of the postal system obtained during the Sultanate period?
(a) Amir Khusrau
(b) Ibn Battuta
(c) Sultan Firuz Shah
(d) Ziyauddin Barani
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) Ibn Battuta
- Ibn Battuta, a resident of the Tanzir region of Morocco, wrote a book called ‘Kitab-ul-Rehla’ which gives a detailed description of the postal system.
- He traveled to India during the time of Muhammad Tughluq.
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21. Who was the first Sultan of Delhi to participate in the public celebration of Holi?
(a) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(b) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(c) Sikandar Lodi
(d) Ibrahim Lodi
[U. P. P. C. S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (b) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq was the first Sultan of Delhi to join in the festivities of Hindus, especially for Holi.
- He also hired people who were not from Turk or Indian Muslim backgrounds to important positions in the government, which angered Barani who then insulted the Sultan by calling him names such as ‘Gardener’, ‘Barber,’ ‘Cook’ etc.
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22. On the death of which Muslim ruler a historian said ‘The king was freed from his people and them from their king’?
(a) Balban
(b) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(c) Alauddin Khalji
(d) Sher Shah
[M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
- When Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq was in Daulatabad, Taghi started a rebellion in Gujarat.
- The Sultan hurried to Gujarat to put down the revolt.
- Taghi was defeated and escaped to Sindh.
- The Sultan then went to Sindh to hunt down Taghi, but fell ill on the way and passed away on March 20, 1351, close to Thatta.
- Badayuni wrote at Sultan’s death, “The people were separated from their king and the king from his people”.
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23. ‘The king was freed from his people and they from their king.’ On whose death did Badayuni comment on this?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Balban
(c) Iltutmish
(d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008, I.A.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
| Badayuni wrote about Mohammad-BinTughluq in his book “Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh.” |
24. Which one of the following sultans provided employment to the unemployed?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(c) Firuz Tughluq
(d) Sher Shah Suri
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Firuz Tughluq
- Firuz Shah Tughluq sought to help people by starting welfare programs.
- He aimed to reduce unemployment by creating a job placement office and appointing people based on their skills and merits.
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25. Who among the following Sultans of Delhi established an ‘Employment Exchange’ to help the unemployed?
(a) Balban
(b) Alauddin Khalji
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Firuz Shah Tughluq
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2010, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl) (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (d) Firuz Shah Tughluq
- Firuz Shah Tughluq wanted to help out the public, so he created some welfare programs.
- He aimed to reduce unemployment by creating an office for hiring people based on their qualifications and abilities.
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26. The Sultan of Delhi who was very concerned about charity and alms and established a department called ‘Diwan-i-Khairat’ for it, was:
(a) Iltutmish
(b) Firuz Tughluq
(c) Ghiyasuddin Shah
(d) Bahlul Lodi
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 1999]
Ans. (b) Firuz Tughluq
- Firuz Shah Tughluq gave away his possessions and land to holy figures and religious people.
- He set up ‘Diwan-eKhairat’ to give money to Muslims who were poor, without parents, or widowed, and also provided dowries for Muslim women who could not afford them.
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27. Which of the following Sultan had the most number of slaves in his court?
(a) Balban
(b) Alauddin Khalji
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Firuz Tughluq
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (d) Firuz Tughluq
- Firuz Shah Tughluq had a lot of slaves – up to 180,000.
- He made a special department to look after them and put effort into educating them.
- He gave each slave money – between 10 and 100 Tankas – and sometimes he gave them land.
- Unfortunately, this hobby of his was damaging to the state.
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28. With reference to medieval Indian rulers, which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) Alauddin Khalji first set up a separate Ariz department
(b) Balban introduced the branding system of horses in his military
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq was succeeded by his uncle in the military
(d) Firuz Tughluq set up a separate department for slaves
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (d)
- Balban set up a department called ‘Diwan-e-Arz’ to manage a large permanent army in case of potential Mongol attacks.
- He appointed Imad-ul-Mulk as the commander, who was very trustworthy and hard-working and gave him financial autonomy from the Wazir.
- Imad-ul-Mulk is largely responsible for the success of Balban’s army. Alauddin, not Balban, introduced the branding of horses.
- After Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq (1351-1388 century) Firuz Tughluq took the throne.
- Firuz Shah Tughluq created a department called ‘Diwan-e-Bandgan’ for slaves, as he had a fondness for them.
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29. The Public Works Department was primarily established by
(a) Iltutmish
(b) Balban
(c) Alauddin Khalji
(d) Firuz Shah Tughluq
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2006, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (d) Firuz Shah Tughluq
- Firuz Shah Tughluq was a Sultan who established the Public Works Department during the Sultanate period.
- He created 300 new cities, with Fatehabad, Hisar, Firuzpur, Jaunpur, and Firuzabad as some of the biggest.
- He also built 40 Mosques, 30 schools, 20 palaces, 100 Inns, 200 hospitals, five tombs, 100 public bathrooms, ten pillars, and 150 bridges.
- During his Bengal campaign, he changed the name of Ikdala to Azadpur and Pandua to Firuzabad.
- Malik Ghazni Shehana was the main architect of his empire.
- All building projects had to be approved by the ‘Diwan-i-Wajarat’ and funds for them were only granted once
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30. The Sultan of Delhi who is reputed to have built the biggest network of canals in India was :
(a) Iltutmish
(b) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
(c) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(d) Sikandar Lodi
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (c) Firuz Shah Tughluq
- Firuz Tughluq is remembered for creating a vast network of canals to provide irrigation for crops.
- These canals connected the Sutlej and Ghaggar rivers (96 miles apart), the Yamuna and Hisar rivers (150 miles apart), Sirmor to Hansi, Ghaggar to Firuzabad, and Yamuna to Firuzabad.
- He also dug 150 wells and built 50 dams and 30 lakes.
- He was the first Sultan of Delhi to introduce the ‘Hakk-i-Sharb’ tax, where farmers using the royal canals for irrigation had to give the government 1/10th of their crops.
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31. Which Delhi Sultan built the maximum number of canals?
(a) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(b) Iltutmish
(c) Balban
(d) Sikandar Lodi
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (a) Firuz Shah Tughluq
- Firuz Tughluq was a famous ruler for creating a large system of canals to provide water for irrigation.
- These canals were 96 miles long from Sutlej to Ghaggar, 150 miles long from Yamuna to Hisar, Ghaggar to Firuzabad, and Yamuna to Firuzabad.
- He also dug 150 wells for water and the convenience of travelers.
- Farista said he built 50 dams and 30 lakes in various places.
- He was the first Sultan of Delhi who introduced a tax for using water from a royal canal.
- Farmers who used the canal water had to give 1/10 of their harvest to the government.
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32. With reference to digging canals for enriching agriculture, who among the following is given the credit of being the first ruler of the 14th century?
(a) Balban
(b) Iltutmish
(c) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
(d) Raziyya Begum
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (c) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
- Ghiyasuddin Tughluq started the Tughluq dynasty and did lots of things to help farmers.
- He made sure that people known as Khuts and Muqaddams had the same rights as before.
- He set the amount of land revenue to be 1/3 of the crop.
- He also built canals to provide
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33. Who was the first Sultan of Delhi to have levied ‘Haqq-i-Sharb’ or irrigation tax?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Firuz Tughluq
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010, U. P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (d) Firuz Tughluq
- Ghiyasuddin Tughluq started the Tughluq dynasty and made changes to help farmers.
- He gave Khuts and Muqaddams their rights back and set the rate of land revenue at one-third.
- He also built canals to provide water for irrigation.
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34. Which Sultan of Delhi had levied ‘Jizya’ on Brahmins?
(a) Balban
(b) Firuz Tughluq
(c) Alauddin Khalji
(d) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (b) Firuz Tughluq
- Ghiyasuddin Tughluq started the Tughluq family.
- He did things to make life better for farmers.
- He returned the rights of Khuts and Muqaddams.
- He set the amount of money for land use at 1/3.
- He also dug irrigation canals.
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35. Which one of the following Sultans of Delhi introduced measures for improving the quality of fruits?
(a) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(b) Firuz Tughluq
(c) Sikandar Lodi
(d) Sher Shah Suri
[44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) Firuz Tughluq
- Firuz was interested in horticulture, so he planted 1,200 new orchards near Delhi and also fixed up 30 old gardens of Alauddin.
- He also did things to make the fruit in his orchards better.
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36. Who brought two Ashoka Pillars to Delhi from Topra and Meerut?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(c) Muhammad Ghori
(d) Sikandar Lodhi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (b) Firuz Shah Tughluq
- Firuz Shah Tughluq was known for restoring and rebuilding the structures of previous rulers.
- He especially paid a lot of attention to reconstructing those buildings.
- He relocated two pillars of Ashoka from Meerut and Topra to Delhi and placed the Topra column in a palace close to the Firuzabad mosque.
- The Meerut pillar was placed at the Bada Hindu Rao Hospital in Delhi, near the Kashke-Shikar mound.
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37. Which Sultan of Delhi brought Ashoka’s Pillar to Delhi?
(a) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(b) Jalaluddin Khalji
(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq
(d) Qutbuddin Aybak
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (a) Firuz Shah Tughluq
- Firuz Shah Tughluq was known for restoring buildings from previous rulers.
- He especially focused on this and even brought two pillars of Ashoka from Meerut and Topra to Delhi.
- He put the Topra pillar in a palace close to his mosque, and the Meerut pillar was put at the Bada Hindu Rao Hospital near a mound called ‘Kashke-Shikar’.
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38. Which Sultan of Delhi established a ‘Translation Department’ to help both communities to understand each others’ ideas better?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Firuz Tughluq
(c) Iltutmish
(d) Sikandar Lodi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (b) Firuz Tughluq
- The Sultan of Delhi Firuz Tughluq created a ‘Translation Department’ so that Hindus and Muslims could communicate more easily.
- He also translated some Sanskrit texts into Persian.
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39. The first Indian ruler to organize the Haj pilgrimage from the State Exchequer was:
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Firuz Tughluq
(c) Akbar
(d) Aurangzeb
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998, I.A.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (b) Firuz Tughluq
- Firuz Tughluq was the first Indian leader to use government funds to organize the Haj pilgrimage.
- He also did many good deeds like setting up an employment office, an orphanage called ‘Diwan-e-Khairat’, a hospital called ‘Dar-ul-Shafa’, and employing qualified Hakeems.
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40. What was ‘Dar-ul-Shafa’ established by Firuz Tughluq?
(a) An almshouse
(b) A free hospital
(c) A library
(d) A guest house for pilgrims
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2013, 53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (b) A free hospital
- Firuz Tughluq was the first Indian ruler to pay for people to go on the Haj pilgrimage.
- He also did some good things like setting up a job center, opening an orphanage, and providing a free hospital, with doctors to help people.
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41. Who was the last ruler of the Tughluq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate?
(a) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(b) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq Shah- II
(c) Nasiruddin Mahmud
(d) Nusrat Shah
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Nasiruddin Mahmud
- Nasiruddin Mahmud was the last ruler of the Tughluq dynasty, who ruled from 1394-1412.
- During his reign, Khwaja Jahan created the independent state of Jaunpur.
- His son Nusrat Shah challenged his rule and split the Tughluq dynasty into two parts, with Nasiruddin ruling in Delhi and Nusrat ruling in Firozabad.
- Timur, the great Mongol commander attacked India during Nasiruddin’s reign, and his reign was famously known for the saying “The dominion of the Shanshah Lord of the Universe extended from Delhi to Palam”.
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42. In whose reign did Timur invade India?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Bahlul Lodi
(c) Firuz Tughluq
(d) Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (D) Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah
- In 1398 A.D., during the rule of Nasiruddin Mahmud, Timur invaded India.
- His goal was to battle and take the wealth of the Kafirs.
- Afterwards, he went to Firuzabad, Meerut, Haridwar, Kangda, and Jammu.
- Before he left, he chose Khizr Khan to be the governor of Multan, Depalpur, and Lahore.
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43. In which year did Timur Lung attack India?
(a) 1210 A.D.
(b) 1398 A.D.
(c) 1492 A.D.
(d) 1526 A.D.
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (b) 1398 A.D.
- In 1398 A.D., Timur invaded India during the time of Nasiruddin Mahmud (1394-1412).
- His goal was to fight and take wealth from the Kafirs.
- He went to Firuzabad, Meerut, Haridwar, Kangda, and Jammu in January 1399.
- When he left India, he appointed Khizr Khan to be in charge of Multan, Depalpur, and Lahore.
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44. Which one of the following dynasties ruled over India after the invasion of Timur?
(a) Lodi Dynasty
(b) Sayyid dynasty
(c) Tughluq dynasty
(d) Khalji dynasty
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (a) Lodi Dynasty
- Timur’s invasion in 1398 caused the downfall of both the Delhi Sultanate and the Tughluq dynasty.
- The Tughluq dynasty ended in 1412 AD with the death of Nasiruddin Mahmud, and Daulat Khan became the new Sultan of Delhi in 1413 AD.
- However, Khizr Khan, who was appointed by Timur as the Governor of Lahore, defeated Daulat Khan and established the Sayyid dynasty in 1414 AD.
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45. Arrange the following in chronological order :
1. Rukn-ud-din
2. Mubarak Khan
3. Firuz Shah Tughluq
4. Alam Shah
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
(a) 2, 1, 4, 3
(b) 1, 2, 4, 3
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4
(d) 2, 1, 3, 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]
Ans. (c) 1, 2, 3, 4
- Rukn-ud-din took power in 1236 AD after Iltutmish died.
- Iltutmish had appointed Raziyya as the next ruler.
- In 1316, Mubarak Khan, also known as Muhammad Khalji, became the sultan of Delhi.
- From 1351 to 1388, Firuz Shah Tughluq was in charge and finally, Alam Shah of the Sayyid dynasty reigned from 1445 to 1451.
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46. Ain-ul-Mulk Multani did not serve under which of the following rulers?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Muhammad-Bin Tughluq
(c) Firuz Tughluq
(d) Iltutmish
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (d) Iltutmish
- Ain-ul-Mulk Multani worked for Alauddin Khalji, Muhammad-Bin Tughluq, and Firuz Tughluq.
- In 1305, Allaudin Khalji sent him to Central India and he was successful in taking control of Malwa.
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47. Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched?
| (Ruler) |
(State) |
| (a) Rana Hamir |
Mewar |
| (b) Rana Chunda |
Marwar |
| (c) Malik Raja Farooqi |
Khandesh |
| (d) Malik Sarwar Khwaja Jahan |
Malwa |
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (d) Malik Sarwar Khwaja Jahan Malwa
- The Jaunpur Sultanate was a Muslim kingdom in northern India that existed from 1394 to 1479.
- It was led by the Sharqi dynasty and was set up in 1394 by Khwajah-Jahan Malik Sarwar, who had previously been a minister of Sultan Nasiruddin Muhammad Shah IV Tughluq.
- Therefore, all options except (d).
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