1. Who among the following ruler is famous as “Prithvi Raj Chauhan”?
(a) Prithviraja- I
(b) Prithviraja- II
(c) Prithviraj- III
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (c) Prithviraj- III
- Prithviraj Chauhan, the ruler of Ajmer, was famously known for defeating Muhammad Ghori in the first battle of Tarain in 1191 AD, but was then defeated in the second battle of Tarain in 1192 AD.
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2. Epigraphic records (Inscriptions) suggest that in ancient India, the rulers of Bihar had contact with –
(a) Burma
(b) Thailand
(c) Cambodia
(d) Java-Sumatra
[43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (d) Java-Sumatra
- King Devapala of the Pala Dynasty was a Buddhist and was known as “Param Saugat” according to the written records.
- At the request of King Balputradev of the Sailendra Dynasty, Devpala donated five villages to build a Buddhist Vihar in Nalanda.
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3. Kumaradevi, a queen of Govind Chandra Gahadavala, constructed Dharma-Chakra-Jaina Vihara at –
(a) Bodh Gaya
(b) Rajgriha
(c) Kushinagar
(d) Sarnath
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (d) Sarnath
- Kumar Devi was a Buddhist Queen who belonged to the Govind Chandra Gahadavala dynasty.
- She built a Dharmachakra Jain Vihar in Sarnath.
- Therefore, option ( d is correct)
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4. According to Hammer Mahakavya, the Chauhans were:
(a) Chandravanshi
(b) Brahmins
(c) Yaduvanshis
(d) Suryavanshis
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 1999]
Ans. (d) Suryavanshis
- Hammer Epic states that the Chauhan family is part of the Suryavanshi group.
- This family, according to the Epic, comes from Chahman, the son of the sun.
- Additionally, they are one of the four families
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5. Aalha-Udal were related to –
(a) Chanderi
(b) Vidisha
(c) Mahoba
(d) Panna
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (c) Mahoba
- Alha-Udal was from Mahoba and they served the Chandel King Parmar Dev (1165-1203 CE).
- They died during a battle with Prithviraj Chauhan.
- Details of this fight can be found in the stories “Prithviraj Raso” and “Parmal Raso” written by Chand Bardai, and “Alha Khand” by Jagnik.
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6. “When………. was born, the earth sank two and a half hands.” The above statement /Folk saying is related to which historical personality of Uttar Pradesh?
(a) Vidhyadhar
(b) Mahil
(c) Alha
(d) Paramardi
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (c) Alha
- Alha-Udal came from Mahoba and worked for King Parmar dev from 1165 to 1203 CE.
- They died during a fight with Prithviraj Chauhan.
- More information about this battle can be found in “Prithviraj Raso” and “Parmal Raso” by Chand bardai, and in “Alha Khand” by Jagnik.
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7. The author of ‘Prithviraj Raso’ is –
(a) Kalhana
(b) Bilhana
(c) Jayanaka
(d) Chand Bardai
[43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (d) Chand Bardai
- The stories of the great battle between Chandel and Chauhan are told in the works “Prithviraj Raso” and “Parmal Raso” by Chand bardai and “Alha khand” by Jagnik
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8. Who is the author of ‘Prithviraja Vijaya’?
(a) Chand Bardai
(b) Prithviraj Chauhan
(c) Jayanaka
(d) Nayanchand Suri
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2012]
Ans. (c) Jayanaka
- Jayanak wrote the book “Prithviraj Vijay”.
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9. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Abdur Rehman – Hamir Raso
(b) Chand Bardai – Prithviraj Raso
(c) Jagnik – Alha-Khand
(d) Narpati Nalh – Vishal Dev Raso
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (a) Abdur Rehman – Hamir Raso
- Sharangdev wrote the Hamir Raso.
- The other options fit correctly.
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10. Which of the following Rajput dynasties founded the city of Dhilika (Delhi) in the eighth century?
(a) Parmara dynasty
(b) Solanki dynasty
(c) Tomar dynasty
(d) Chauhan dynasty
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (c) Tomar dynasty
- The Tomar Rajputs, who were originally loyal to the Gurjar-Pratiharas, started the city of Delhi (formerly known as Dhillika).
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11. Jejakabhukti was the ancient name of –
(a) Baghelkhand
(b) Bundelkhand
(c) Malwa
(d) Vidarbha
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (b) Bundelkhand
- The area of Bundelkhand used to be called Jejakabhukti in the past.
- This name was given by Jay Singh or Jeja, who was the grandson of Nannuk
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12. Dangdev was the ruler of which dynasty?
(a) Chandelas of Jejakabhukti
(b) Parmar of Malwa
(c) Kalchuri of Mahishmati
(d) Kalchuri of Tripuri
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (a) Chandelas of Jejakabhukti
- Dhangdev, also known as Dhanga, was a ruler of the Chandel family from Jejakbhukti.
- He was the one who constructed the Kandariya Mahadev temple.
- Dhanga attained salvation when he left his body in the waters of the Ganga and Yamuna rivers
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13. Pundravardhan Bhukti was located in:
(a) North Bengal
(b) Bihar
(c) Odisha
(d) Assam
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (a) North Bengal
- In the old days, Pundravardhan Bhukti was situated in Northern Bengal.
- Its area was increased to Northern Bihar during the reign of the Pala, Chandra and Sena dynasties.
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14. Who was the founder of the Pala dynasty?
(a) Dharmapala
(b) Deopala
(c) Gopala
(d) Ramapala
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (c) Gopala
- Taranath, a Tibetan historian, said that Gopala, the creator of the Pala dynasty, was born close to ‘Pundravardhana’ and was chosen to be the ruler of Bengal.
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15. Who among the following had built the Sompura Mahavihar :
(a) Kumaragupta-I
(b) Harsha
(c) Dharmapala
(d) Vijayasena
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (c) Dharmapala
- Dharmapala was a very passionate Buddhist.
- He was referred to as “Param Saugat” in his writings.
- He built well-known Buddhist monasteries at Vikramshila and Somapuri (Paharpur).
- The famous Buddhist scholar, Haribhadra, was also a part of his court.
- According to Taranath, Dharmapala established 50 religious.
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16. Which ruler of Bengal founded the ancient University called ‘Vikramshila.’
(a) Dharamapala
(b) Gopala
(c) Devpala
(d) Mahipala
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2011, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008, 43rd B. P.S.C. (Pre) 1999, U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 1994]
Ans. (a) Dharamapala
- King Dharmapala of Bengal created the Vikramshila University in the years 770-810 AD.
- After Nalanda University was destroyed, Vikramshila University was set up to become the primary center for Buddhist beliefs.
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17. Which one of the following rulers established Vikramashila University?
(a) Gopal
(b) Devapal
(c) Mahipala I
(d) Dharmapal
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. 2018]
Ans. (d) Dharmapal
- King Dharmapala of Bengal created Vikramshila University in the years 770 to 810 AD.
- This happened after the destruction of Nalanda University, and Vikramshila was made as the main foundation for Buddhism.
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18. Who founded Vikramshila University?
(a) Dharmapala
(b) Devpala
(c) Gopal
(d) Mahendrapala
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008, U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008, 43rd B. P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) Dharmapala
- King Dharmapala of Bengal set up Vikramshila University during the years 770-810 AD.
- This university was made after the collapse of Nalanda University, and it became the main hub of Buddhism.
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19. Vikramshila Maha Vihar was established by the ruler of
(a) Pushyabhuti Dynasty
(b) Varman Dynasty
(c) Sen Dynasty
(d) Pala Dynasty
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]
Ans. (d) Pala Dynasty
- King Dharmapala of Bengal created the Vikramshila University in the years 770-810 AD.
- This happened after the failure of Nalanda University, and Vikramshila became the main center for Buddhism.
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20. Vikramshila Mahavihara, a great center of education in ancient India, was established by
(a) Kumar Gupta-I
(b) Harsha
(c) Dharmapala
(d) Lakshamanasen
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002, U.P. Lower (Spl) (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Dharmapala
- King Dharmapala of Bengal built Vikramshila University between 770 and 810 AD.
- This was done after Nalanda University collapsed, and the university was made to be the main center for Buddhist teachings.
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21. Who among the following was the founder of Vikramshila University?
(a) Gopala
(b) Dharmapala
(c) Devapala
(d) Mahipala
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (b) Dharmapala
- King Dharmapala of Bengal built the Vikramshila University in between 770-810 AD.
- This university was created to replace the Nalanda University and be the main hub for Buddhist teachings.
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22. In which modern-day’s State, the University of Vikramasila was located?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Odisha
(c) Bihar
(d) Jharkhand
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (c) Bihar
- Dharmapala , a ruler of the Pala dynasty, founded the Vikramasila University in Bhagalpur, Bihar, around 770-810 AD.
- It taught official studies of Vedic literature, ceremonies, and the Vedangas, such as reasoning, medicine, law, astronomy, and city planning
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23. Which one of the following places was not the center of learning during the early medieval period?
(a) Nalanda
(b) Vikramshila
(c) Taxila
(d) Uddantapur
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) Taxila
- Takshashila (Taxila), located in present-day Pakistan, was an early Buddhist center of learning and the capital of the Gandhara State.
- People such as Chanakya (Kautilya), Chandragupta, Charaka, and Jivaka studied there and it was known for teaching the Vedas and eighteen arts, including archery and elephant lore.
- Nalanda University was established in the 5th century by Kumar Gupta, but was then destroyed by Muslim invaders in the 12th century.
- Vikramshila University was established by Dharmapala in 770-810 AD in Bhagalpur, Bihar, while Odantapuri University was set up during the rule of the Pala dynasty.
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24. Who among the following laid the foundation of the Rashtrakuta Empire?
(a) Amoghavarsha- I
(b) Dantidurga
(c) Dhruva
(d) Krishna- I
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (b) Dantidurga
- In 736 AD, Dantidurga (also known as Dantivarman) started the Rashtrakuta Empire.
- The main city for this empire was Manyakheta.
- It is said that Dantidurga did a special ceremony called the Hiranya-Garbha.
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25. Who out of the following performed a ritual called ‘Hiranya-Garbha’?
(a) Mayur Sharman
(b) Harish Chandra
(c) Dantidurga
(d) Harsha
[U.P.P.C.S. (Re. Exam) (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Dantidurga
- In 736 AD, Dantidurga (originally named Dantivarman) began the Rashtrakuta Empire, with Manyakheta as its capital.
- It is said that Dantidurga had done a religious ceremony called the Hiranyagarbha.
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26. Who among the following was born in a military camp in the course of his father’s campaign?
(a) Amoghavarasha Rashtrakuta
(b) Bhoja Parmara
(c) Dharmapala
(d) Nagabhatta-II Pratihara
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (a) Amoghavarasha Rashtrakuta
- Amoghvarsha, the king of the Rashtrakutas, was born in 800 AD near the Narmada River in a military camp while his father Govind III was coming back from successful battles in the north of India.
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27. Arrange the names of the following historical personalities in correct chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
1. Nagabhata II
2. Mahipala
3. Mahendrapala
4. Vatsaraja
Codes :
(a) 2, 3, 1, 4
(b) 4, 1, 3, 2
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4
(d) 3, 1, 4, 2
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (b) 4, 1, 3, 2
- These historical figures should be listed in this order:
- Vatsaraja (775-800 AD)
- Nagabhata II (800-833 AD)
- Mahendrapala I (885-910 AD)
- Mahipala (912-944 AD)
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28. The greatest Pratihara King was –
(a) Dharampala
(b) Harsha
(c) Mihir Bhoj
(d) Mahendrapala
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (c) Mihir Bhoj
- The most powerful Pratihara ruler was Mihirbhoj (836-885AD).
- Dharmapala was an important king of the Pala dynasty (770-810 AD).
- Mahendrapala (885-910 AD) was the Pratihara leader and Hars
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29. The great Jain Scholar Hemchandra adorned the court of :
(a) Amoghavarsha
(b) Kumarapala
(c) Jayasimha Siddharaja
(d) Vidyadhara
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) Kumarapala
- Hemchandra, a renowned Jain scholar, achieved recognition during the time of Solanki king Jayasimha Siddharaja.
- He later became the advisor to the court of Kumarapala (1143-1172).
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30. Arrange the names of the following ruler’s incorrect chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
1. Vidyadhara
2. Dhanga
3. Yashovarma
4. Keerthi Verma
Codes :
(a) 3, 2,1, 4
(b) 1, 3, 2, 4
(c) 3, 1, 4, 2
(d) 2, 3, 1, 4
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (a) 3, 2,1, 4
- The order of these rulers in terms of time is :
- Yashovarma (930-950 AD)
- Dhanga (950-1002 AD)
- Vidyadhara (1019-1029 AD)
- Keerthi Verma (1060-1100 AD)
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31. Who among the following is credited with initiating a new Samvat :
(a) Dharmapala
(b) Devapala
(c) Vijayasena
(d) Lakshmana Sena
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (d) Lakshmana Sena
- Lakshmana Sena was the ruler of the Sen Dynasty for 28 years.
- He began a calendar system called the Laxmana Samvat.
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32. The Laxman Era was started by which of the following dynasty?
(a) Pratiharas
(b) Pals
(c) Chauhans
(d) Sena
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]
Ans. (d) Sena
- Lakshmana Sena was the ruler of the Sen Dynasty for 28 years and started a new calendar called the ‘Laxmana Samvat’.
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33. Who among the following were famous jurists of medieval India?
1. Vigyanesvara
2. Hemadri
3. Rajashekhara
4. Jimutavahana
Code :
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2, and 4
(d) 1 and 3
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1995, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (c) 1, 2, and 4
- In early medieval India, three well-known jurists were Hemadri, Vigyaneshwar, and Jimutavahana.
- Vigyaneshwar wrote the book “Mitakshara” and Jimutvahana wrote “Dayabhaga”.
- Rajashekhara was a scholar for the Gujjar-Partihara royal family
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34. The great Sanskrit poet and dramatist, Rajshekhara was in the court of:
(a) Raja Bhoj
(b) Mahipal
(c) Mahendrapala-I
(d) Indra-III
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2013]
Ans. (b&c) Mahipal & Mahendrapala-I
- Famous Indian legal experts from the early Middle Ages were Hemadri, Vigyaneshwar, and Jimutavahana.
- Vigyaneshwar wrote “Mitakshara” and Jimutvahana wrote “Dayabhaga.”
- Rajashekhara was a court scholar for the Gujjar-Partihara king Mahendrapala
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35. Match List- 1 (Dynasty) with List- 2 (Capital) on the basis of codes :
| List- 1 |
List 2 |
| A. Pratihara |
1. Tanjore |
| B. Chola |
2. Anhilwara |
| C. Parmara |
3. Dhara |
| D. Solanki |
4. Kannauj |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 4 2 3 1
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 4 2 1 3
(d) 4 1 3 2
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (d) 4 1 3 2
- Nagbhatta is thought to be the founder of the Pratihara Dynasty, but the actual founder was Vastsaraja.
- Mihirbhoja was the most famous ruler of the Pratiharas and their capital was Kannauj.
- Vijayalaya started the Chola Empire, with Tanjore as their capital.
- Siyak – II was the real founder of the Paramara Dynasty, and their capital was Dhara.
- The Chalukyas were descended from the Agni Clan and were founded by Moolraja
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36. Which one of the following was a very important seaport in the Kakatiya Kingdom?
(a) Kakinada
(b) Motupalli
(c) Machilipatnam (Masulipatnam)
(d) Nelluru
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (b) Motupalli
- Motupalli was an essential port city in the Kakatiya kingdom.
- It is now located in the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh.
- Marco Polo, an Italian traveler, visited this port.
- The Motupalli inscriptions provide details on the fees imposed for different items, such as sandalwood, camphor, rose-water, ivory, pearls, corals, copper, zinc, lead, silk, pepper, and areca nuts.
- This gives us an understanding of the goods traded in and out of Motupalli.
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37. The Gurjar-Pratiharas dynasty was founded by :
(a) Nagabhata I
(b) Vatsraj
(c) Harshavardhana
(d) Mihir Bhoja
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (a) Nagabhata I
- The Pratihara dynasty was a well-known group of Rajputs from the Agni clan.
- It is also referred to as the Gurjar-Pratihar Dynasty due to its connection with the Gurjars.
- The first reference to the Gurjars was in the Aihole inscription of Pulakesin-II as well as in Banabhatta’s Harshacharita.
- Nagabhata-I (730-756 AD) was the founder of the dynasty.
- He defeated the army of the Maleksha ruler.
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38. Which of the following rulers does not belong to Gurjara- Pratihar dynasty?
(a) Nagabhata-II
(b) Mahendrapal-I
(c) Devapal-l
(d) Bharatrabhatta-I
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (d) Bharatrabhatta-I
- The Pratihara dynasty was a powerful ruling force in India from the 8th to the 11th centuries.
- They controlled a large part of northern India, starting in Ujjain and then later in Kannauj.
- The main rulers of this dynasty were :
- Nagabhata I
- Yatsaraja
- Nagabhata II
- Mihir Bhoja
- Mahendrapala I
- Devpala and more.
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39. ‘Aadi Varaha’ was the title of which Gurjara Pratihara ruler?
(a) Vatsaraja
(b) Nagabhata II
(c) Mihir Bhoja
(d) Nagabhata I
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. 2018]
Ans. (c) Mihir Bhoja
- Mihir Bhoja was the most powerful leader of the Gurjara Pratiharas.
- He followed the Vaishnavism religion and was given the titles of ‘Aadi Varaha’ and ‘Prabhas’
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40. Who among the following was not a part of the tripartite struggle?
(a) Pratiharas
(b) Palas
(c) Rastrakutas
(d) Cholas
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (d) Cholas
- After Harsha died, many powerful kingdoms were drawn to Kannauj, which was similar to Magadha during the Gupta period.
- The Pala, Gurjar Pratihara, and Rashtrakuta fought fiercely to gain control of the area, and this battle is considered one of the most important events in North India from the 8th to 9th centuries.
- In the end, the Pratihars emerged victorious.
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41. Which were the three dynasties who were engaged in a Tripartite struggle for Kannauj?
1. Chola
2. Pala
3. Gurjara
4. Rashtrakuta
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below :
(a) 1, 2, 3
(b) 1, 2, 4
(c) 2, 3, 4
(d) 1, 3, 4
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (c) 2, 3, 4
- After Harsha died, Kannauj became a popular place for powerful families.
- It was compared to Magadha in the Gupta era.
- To gain control of the area, Pala, Gurjara Pratihara, and Rashtrakuta went into a competition with each other, which was a big event in the history of North India from the 8th to 9th centuries.
- In the end, Pratihars won.
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42. Mahodaya is an old name of –
(a) Allahabad
(b) Khajuraho
(c) Kannauj
(d) Patna
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]
Ans. (c) Kannauj
- Kannauj used to be called Mahodaya in the past.
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43. Which of the following was known as ‘Nagar Mahoday Shri’?
(a) Mahoba
(b) Kampilya
(c) Mathura
(d) Kannauj
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (d) Kannauj
- Kannauj is an old city which used to be called Mahodaya Shri and Mahodaya during the rule of Mihir Bhoj.
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44. Who among the following granted financial aid for the restoration of a demolished mosque in Khambhat :
(a) Chamundaraya
(b) Jayasimha Siddharaja
(c) Kumarapala
(d) Mahipaladeva
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999, R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (b) Jayasimha Siddharaja
- The Chalukya King Jayasimha Siddharaj was a very accepting religious ruler.
- A Muslim author wrote that the King gave 1 lakh Balom (currency) to help rebuild a mosque that had been destroyed in Khambhat.
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45. Who was the founder of the Parmara Dynasty?
(a) Ajai Pal
(b) Upendra Krishnaraj
(c) Kanak Rao
(d) Jagar-Pal
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (b) Upendra Krishnaraj
- The Parmar dynasty was started in the early 10th century by someone named Upendra or Krishnaraj.
- The town of Dhara was the home of the Parmar dynasty.
- Option (b) is the correct answer, and it states that Upendra or Krishnaraj was the founder.
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46. King Bhoja ruled over –
(a) Bastar
(b) Dhar
(c) Mahakaushal
(d) Ujjain
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) Dhar
- The King Bhoj was a leader of the Parmara people.
- Initially, their capital was in Ujjain, but it was later moved to Dhara.
- After his death, scholars said: “The first Dhara has gone, Saraswati is now without a protector, and all scholars have been deprived of King Bhoja.
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47. Who amongst the following wrote a book on artificial scientific equipment?
(a) Bhoja
(b) Govindraja
(c) Chandravermana
(d) Mahipala
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) Bhoja
- The famous book ‘Samarangana Sutradhara’ written by Parmara King Bhoj was based on scientific equipment.
- He also wrote other works such as ‘Saraswati Kanthabharan’, ‘Siddhanta Sangraha’, ‘Yoga Sutra Vitti’, ‘Rajamartand’, ‘Vidya Vinod’, ‘Yukta Kalptaru’ and ‘Karucharya’.
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48. The presiding deity of Bhojshala Temple is:-
(a) Goddess Durga
(b) Goddess Parvati
(c) Goddess Lakshmi
(d) Goddess Saraswati
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (d) Goddess Saraswati
- The Bhojshala temple is situated in Dhar, Madhya Pradesh and was built by Paramara King Bhoja in 1035 as a place to study Sanskrit.
- The temple is dedicated to Goddess Saraswati.
- It is now on the grounds of the Kamal Maula Mosque.
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49. Who among the following was not a king of the Parmar dynasty?
(a) Upendra
(b) Munj
(c) Gangeyadev
(d) Udayaditya
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) Gangeyadev
- Gangeyadev was a leader of the Kalachuri family.
- He chose to be known as Vikramaditya.
- He began printing gold coins after they stopped existing in the time before the Middle Ages.
- Upendra, Munj, and Udayaditya were rulers of Parmar dynasty.
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50. The author of Gaudvaho was –
(a) Harishena
(b) Aryabhatta
(c) Vakpati
(d) Banabhatta
[U.P.P.S.C. (R.I.) 2014]
Ans. (c) Vakpati
- Vakpati, a court poet of King Yasovarman of Kannauj, wrote the poem “Gaudavaho”.
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51. Consider the following pairs: Famous places Regions
1. Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand
2. Khajuraho: Bundelkhand
3. Shirdi: Vidarbha
4. Nasik (Nashik) : Malwa
5. Tirupati: Rayalaseema
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 2 and 5 only
(d) 1, 3, 4 and 5
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) 2 and 5 only
- The correctly matched places with their regions are as follows:
| Famous place |
Region |
| Bodhgaya |
Gaya District |
| Khajuraho |
Bundelkhand |
| Shirdi |
Ahmednagar |
| Nasik (Nashik) |
Maharashtra |
| Tirupati |
Rayalaseema |
- Thus, the correctly matched pair in the given options are options (2) and (5).
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52. With reference to the economic history of medieval India, the term ‘Araghatta’ refers to –
(a) Bonded labor
(b) Land grants made to military officers
(c) Waterwheel used for the irrigation of land
(d) Wasteland converted to cultivated land
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) Waterwheel used for the irrigation of land
- Araghatta is an ancient Persian tool used to bring water up from the ground.
- It was usually powered by animals such as bulls, buffaloes, or camels, and was used to water crops.
- This device is mentioned in ancient Indian texts such as the Panchatantra.
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