1. In which of the following provinces Indian National Congress not obtained a full majority in provincial legislature elections held in 1937?
(a) Central Province
(b) Bihar
(c) Punjab
(d) Madras
[U.P P.C.S. (Pre) 1992]
Ans. (c) Punjab
- The Indian Government Act of 1935 held elections in the provinces, and Congress won the majority in five provinces: Madras, Bihar, Central Provinces, Berar, United Province, and Orrisa. In July 1937, Congress established their governments in six states: Madras, Central Province, Bihar, Bombay, Orissa, and United Province.
- However, they did not have enough support to do this in Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh Congress did not secure enough support
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2. The Provincial Governments were constituted under the Act of-
(a) 1935
(b) 1932
(c) 1936
(d) 1947
[53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (a) 1935
- In 1935, India held elections in the provinces, and the Congress party won a huge majority in five regions – Madras, Bihar, Central Provinces, Berar, United Province, and Orrisa.
- In July 1937, Congress formed its governments in six states: Madras, Central Province, Bihar, Bombay, Orissa, and United Province.
- However, the Congress party did not get enough backing in Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh Congress did not secure enough support.
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3. In which of the following States Congress did not win an absolute majority in the elections for the Legislative Assemblies that were held under the 1935 Act?
(a) Madras
(b) Bihar
(c) Orissa
(d) Bengal
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (d) Bengal
- In 1935, elections for provincial assemblies were held in India.
- The Congress party won a majority in five provinces: Madras, Bihar, Central Provinces, Berar, United Province, and Orrisa.
- In July 1937, Congress formed the governments in six states: Madras, Central Province, Bihar, Bombay, Orissa, and United Province.
- However, it did not gain enough votes in Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh Congress did not secure enough support.
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4. The province where the Indian National Congress could not get an absolute majority during the general election of 1937 was –
(a) Bombay
(b) Assam
(c) Orissa
(d) Bihar
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (A&B) Bombay & Assam
- The Indian National Congress did not win a majority of seats in Bombay and Assam in the 1937 general election.
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5. In the 1937 elections, Congress secured a clear majority in the State numbering.
(a) Three
(b) Four
(c) Five
(d) Six
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (c) Five
- The Indian National Congress didn’t win enough seats in Bombay and Assam to have outright control during the 1937 general election.
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6. Which of the following elections of the Central Legislative Assembly was/were held under the Government of India Act, 1919:
(A) 1926
(B) 1937
(C) 1945
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
(a) (A) only
(b) (B) and (C)
(c) (A) and (C)
(d) (A), (B) and (C)
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (c) (A) and (C)
- The elections for the Central Legislative Assembly in 1926 and 1945 were conducted according to the rules of the Government of India Act of 1919, while the 1937 elections followed the rules of the Government of India Act of 1935.
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7. In which year the last election of the Indian Legislature under the Government of India Act, of 1919 was held?
(a) 1930
(b) 1934
(c) 1945
(d) 1947
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre.) 2020]
Ans (c) 1945
- The Government of India Act of 1919 was passed, which replaced the Indian Legislative Council with a two-part system: a Council of State (Upper House) and a Legislative Assembly (Lower House).
- It also started a dyarchy in the provinces.
- Elections for the Central Legislative Assembly were held in 1926 and 1945.
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8. Consider the following provinces of British India and identify those where the Indian National Congress did not form a ministry in 1937.
1. Central
2. Orissa
3. Bengal
4. Punjab
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 4
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (b) 3 and 4
- In 1936-37, the Government of India Act 1935 made it so that elections had to be held in eleven Indian provinces.
- These provinces were Madras, Central Province, Bihar, Orissa, United Province, Bombay Presidency, Assam, NWFP, Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh.
- After the elections were finished in February 1937, the Indian Congress was the main power in eight provinces (five with full majority) except for Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh.
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9. The provinces where the Indian National Congress did not form its ministry after the general elections of 1937 were:
(a) Bengal
(b) Bihar
(c) Madras
(d) Orissa
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2008, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004, U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]
Ans. (a) Bengal
- In 1936-37, elections were held in eleven provinces in India, as required by the Government of India Act 1935.
- The results were announced in February 1937, and the Indian Congress Party was the most successful, winning in eight provinces (with a full majority in five).
- This did not include Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh.
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10. In which one of the following provinces was the Congress ministry not formed under the Act of 1935?
(a) Bihar
(b) Madras
(c) Orissa
(d) Punjab
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Punjab
- In 1936-37, the Government of India Act 1935 required elections to be held in eleven provinces: Madras, Central Province, Bihar, Orissa, United Province, Bombay Presidency, Assam, NWFP, Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh.
- The results were declared in February 1937, and the Indian Congress party became the most powerful in eight of the provinces (with a full majority in five).
- Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh were the exceptions.
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11. In how many provinces was the Congress ministry formed in the election of the year 1937?
(a) 11
(b) 9
(c) 6
(d) 3
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) 6
- In the elections held in 1935 according to the Government of India Act, the Congress party won a full majority in five provinces – Madras, Central Province, Orissa, Bihar, and United Province.
- In July 1937, Congress established its own government in six provinces – Bombay, United Province, Central Province, Orissa, Bihar, and Madras.
- Later on, Congress formed coalition governments in NWFP and Assam. UPPSC did not consider this question.
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12. The Tenure of the Congress ministries formed in the elections of 1937 after the Act of 1935 were:
(a) 20 Months
(b) 22 Months
(c) 24 Months
(d) 28 Months
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (d) 28 Months
- The government formed by the Congress party in the elections of 1937, after the Act of 1935, lasted for 28 months.
- On October 22nd, 1939, the Congress ministries had to resign because India was involved in the Second World War without Indian leaders being consulted.
- Jinnah asked all Indian Muslims to celebrate December 22nd, 1939 (Friday) as the ‘Day of Deliverance’ because of the Congress ministries resigning.
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13. After the formation of ministries in the province in 1937, Congress rule lasted for:
(a) 28 months
(b) 29 months
(c) 30 months
(d) 31 months
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2013, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) 28 months
- The governments formed by Congress in the 1935 election lasted for 28 months.
- On October 22nd 1939, Indians were included in the Second World War without the approval of Indian leaders, so the Congress ministries stepped down.
- Jinnah then declared December 22nd 1939 (Friday) as the Day of Deliverance to celebrate the resignation of the Congress Ministries.
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14. The Muslim League celebrated the day of Deliverance in :
(a) 1939
(b) 1942
(c) 1946
(d) 1947
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) 1939
- The Indian Congress party was in power for 28 months after winning the 1935 elections.
- However, they resigned from the Legislature in 1939 when Indian leaders were not consulted before India was made part of the Second World War.
- Because of this, Jinnah asked all Indian Muslims to celebrate the 22nd December 1939 as a Day of Deliverance.
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15. In which working Committee did Congress adopt the policy of abolishing land ownership?
(a) Working Committee, 1937
(b) Working Committee, 1942
(c) Working Committee, 1945
(d) Working Committee, 1946
[39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (a) Working Committee, 1937
- In 1937, the Congress Working Committee decided to get rid of land ownership.
- The Congress Government then passed a law called the Tenancy (Amendment) Act in the United Province and Bihar.
- The Congress-led provinces tried to make it easier for farmers by providing better irrigation and protecting them from harsh moneylenders.
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16. Who of the following was entrusted with a finance portfolio in the ministry formed in the U.P. after the election of 1937?
(a) Govind Ballabh Pant
(b) Rafi Ahmad Kidwai
(c) Kailash Nath Katju
(d) Mohammad Ibrahim
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (b) Rafi Ahmad Kidwai
- In the 1937 Provincial Assembly election in the United Province, Congress won 134 out of the 228 seats.
- This made them the Government and they declared independence.
- Gobind Vallabh Pant was the Chief Minister, Kailash Nath Katju was the Law and Justice Minister and Rafi Ahmad Kidwai was in charge of the Finance Department.
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17. Consider the following reports connected with Muslim grievances in the Congress-administered provinces:
1. Pirpur Report
2. Shareef Report
3. Muslim sufferings under Congress rule.
Select the correct chronological order of the reports from the code given below:
Code :
(a) 1, 2, 3
(b) 2, 1, 3
(c) 3, 1, 2
(d) 1, 3, 2
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) 1, 2, 3
- The correct chronological order of reports with Muslim grievances in the Congress-administered provinces is as follows–
| Pirpur Report |
1938 |
| Shareef Report |
March 1939 |
| Fazul Haq Report |
December 1939 |
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