1. In the following quotation,
“WE THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a (Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic) and to secure all its citizens.
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity: and to promote among them all;
FRATERNITY assures the dignity of the Individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation.
In our Constituent Assembly, this ‘X’ does hereby adopt, enact, and give to ourselves this Constitution.”, ‘X’ stands for :
(a) Twenty-sixth day of January, 1950
(b) Twenty-sixth day of November, 1949
(c) Twenty-sixth day of January, 1949
(d) None of the above
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) Twenty-sixth day of November, 1949
- The Indian Constitution begins with the preamble, which explains the main goals of the Constitution.
- It explains what the Indian political system stands for and includes the date it was adopted (26 November 1949).
- The letter “X” refers to the adoption date, so option (b) is the correct answer.
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2. What was the exact Constitutional Status of the Indian Republic on 26-1-1950 when the Constitution came into force?
(a) A Democratic Republic
(b) A Sovereign Democratic Republic
(c) A Sovereign Secular Democratic Republic
(d) A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009, U.P. Lower (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) A Sovereign Democratic Republic
- The Constitution of India began on January 26th, 1950.
- On January 26, 1950, India was declared a sovereign, democratic republic.
- The words “socialist,” “secular,” and “integrity” were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
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3. The words ‘Secular’ and ‘Socialist’ were added to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by the
(a) 39th Amendment
(b) 41st Amendment
(c) 42nd Amendment
(d) 44th Amendment
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (c) 42nd Amendment
- The laws of India began being used on January 26th, 1950.
- India was a completely independent and democratic country on January 26, 1950.
- The 42nd Amendment act of 1976 added the words Socialist, secular and integrity.
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4. By which name/names is our country mentioned in the Constitution?
(a) Bharat and India
(b) Bharat only
(c) Hindustan and India
(d) Bharat, Hindustan and India
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (a) Bharat and India
- The members of the Constituent Assembly couldn’t agree on the name of the country.
- Some suggested “Bharat” while others suggested “India”.
- The Constitution of India includes both names, with Article 1 stating that “India, also known as Bharat, will be a union of states.”
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5. In the context of the Preamble of the Indian Constitution which of the following sequence is correct?
(a) Republic, People’s, Democratic, Secular, Socialist, Universal, Sovereign
(b) Sovereign, Socialist, Democratic, People’s, Secular, Republic
(c) Sovereign, Socialist, People’s, Democratic, Secular, Socialist Republic
(d) Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic
[40thB.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (d) Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic
- The beginning of the Indian Constitution was changed in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment.
- It states that India is a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, and Democratic Republic.
- The Constitution of India does not include the word ‘People’s’, which is in the Constitution of China.
- Option (d) is the correct answer.
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6. Which of the following words is NOT mentioned in the Preamble of the Constitution of India?
(a) Sovereign
(b) Democratic
(c) Secular
(d) Federal
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (d) Federal
- The preamble of the Constitution:
- We, the people of India, have made a promise to turn India into a free, socialist, secular, democratic country and ensure that all citizens have their rights.
- Everyone should have access to fair and equal justice, freedom to think and express their beliefs and faith, and the same opportunities regardless of status.
- We should all work together to promote a sense of brotherhood and respect each other’s dignity as well as the unity and wholeness of our nation.
- On this day, November 26th, 1949, the Constituent Assembly has adopted and given us this Constitution.
- The preamble does not mention the word “federal” so choice (d) is the right answer.
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7. In which form is India declared in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution?
(a) A Sovereign, Democratic, Republic
(b) A Socialist, Democratic, Republic
(c) A Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
(d) None of these
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (c) A Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
- The introduction to the Constitution states that it was made to form a more perfect Union:
- The people of India have decided to make India a country where the government is in charge and everyone is equal, no matter their religion.
- We promise to give all citizens the same rights.
- Everyone should have the same rights and opportunities, regardless of their social or economic status.
- Everyone should have the freedom to think, express themselves, believe, practice their faith, and worship freely.
- The purpose of the nation is to ensure the unity and integrity of the nation while preserving the dignity of each individual.
- In order to achieve this, it is essential to promote fraternity among all citizens.
- On this 26th day of November 1949, we, the members of our Constituent Assembly, officially adopt, enact, and give ourselves this Constitution.
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8. Consider the following words.
(A) Socialist
(B) Democratic
(C) Sovereign
(D) Secular
Choose the correct sequence of words as given in the
Preamble.
(a) C, A, D, and B
(b) C, D, A, and B
(c) C, D, B, and A
(d) D, A, C, and B
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) C, A, D, and B
- The introduction to the Constitution states that it was made to form a more perfect union,
- We, the citizens of India, have made a promise to make India a country with its own government, one that is based on socialism, secularism, and democracy.
- We will make sure that all citizens of India are safe
- Equal rights and opportunities for everyone, including freedom to think, express, believe, and worship as we choose, and fair justice in the social, economic, and political systems.
- To encourage everyone to be kind and respectful to each other, while maintaining the respect of each person and the unity of the country.
- On November 26th, 1949, we adopted, passed, and gave ourselves our Constitution in our own Assembly.
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9. Which of the following words have been added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment?
I. Socialist
II. Gram Swarajya
III. Secular
IV. Sovereign
Select the correct answer by using the code given below:
Code :
(a) I, II, III
(b) I and III
(c) I, II, IV
(d) II, III, IV
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (b) I and III
- The Preamble was changed by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976, which added three new words
- socialist
- secular
- integrity
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10 . Which one of the following describes India as a Secular State?
(a) Fundamental Rights
(b) Preamble to the Constitution
(c) 9th Schedule
(d) Directive Principles
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]
Ans. (b) Preamble to the Constitution
- The beginning of the Constitution has the word ‘Secular’ which was added in 1976 by the 42nd Amendments Act.
- This makes it clear that India is a Secular State.
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11. Which one of the following words was not included in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution in 1975?
(a) Fraternity
(b) Sovereign
(c) Equality
(d) Integrity
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Integrity
- The Constitution did not mention the word “Integrity” when it first began.
- It was added in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment act.
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12. Consider the following statements in regard to the Preamble of the Constitution and select the correct one using the code given below –
1. The objectives Resolution by Jawaharlal Nehru finally became Preamble
2. It is non-Justiciable.
3. It can’t be amended
4. The Preamble cannot override the specific provision of the Constitution
Code :
(a) Only 1 and 2
(b) Only 1,2 and 4
(c) Only 1,2 and 3
(d) Only 2,3 and 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (b) Only 1,2 and 4
- Jawaharlal Nehru proposed the Objectives Resolution on December 13, 1946, and it was unanimously accepted by the Constituent Assembly on January 22, 1947.
- This Resolution formed the basis of the Preamble.
- According to the Keshwanand Bharti case, the Preamble can be used to explain unclear parts of the Constitution.
- It can be changed by an amendment, and the 42nd Constitutional Amendment included the words ‘socialist’, ‘secular’ and ‘integrity’.
- The Preamble is not legally enforceable and cannot override the Constitution.
- So only statements 1, 2, and 4 are correct.
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13. The Preamble of the Constitution was amended by –
(a) 17th Amendment
(b) 24th Amendment
(c) 42ndAmendment
(d) 44thAmendment
[Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (c) 42ndAmendment
- In 1976, the Constitution was changed by the 42nd Amendment.
- India was described as a ‘Sovereign Democratic Republic’ instead of a ‘Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic’.
- The words ‘Unity of the Nation’ were changed to ‘Unity and Integrity of the Nation’.
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14. The term ‘Socialist’ was added in the Preamble by the –
(a) 42ndAmendment
(b) 44thAmendment
(c) 52ndAmendment
(d) None of the above
[60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016, Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (a) 42ndAmendment
- In 1976, the 42nd Amendment changed the Preamble to the Constitution.
- The phrase “Sovereign Democratic Republic” became “Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic” and the phrase “Unity of the Nation” was changed to “Unity and Integrity of the Nation.”
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15. The term ‘Socialist’ was brought into the Preamble of the Indian Constitution by which amendment?
(a) 32nd
(b) 42nd
(c) 44th
(d) 74th
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (b) 42nd
- In 1976, the Constitution was changed by the 42nd Amendment.
- The description of India as being a ‘Sovereign Democratic Republic’ was changed to ‘Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic’.
- The phrase ‘Unity of the Nation’ was changed to ‘Unity and Integrity of the Nation’.
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16. In the Preamble of the Constitution adopted on 26 November, 1949, which word/words was/were not present
1. Socialist
2. Integrity
3. Secular
4. Republic
Choose the correct answer by following the code :
(a) 1,2 and 3
(b) 2,3 and 4
(c) 1,2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (a) 1,2 and 3
- The way India was described changed from a ‘Sovereign Democratic Republic’ to a ‘Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic’.
- The phrase ‘Unity of the Nation’ was changed to ‘Unity and Integrity of the Nation’.
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17. The words ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ were inserted in the Preamble to the Constitution by the –
(a) 41st Amendment
(b) 42nd Amendment
(c) 43rd Amendment
(d) 44th Amendment
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (b) 42nd Amendment
- In 1976, the 42nd Amendment changed the Preamble to the Constitution.
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18. The goal of the Constitution is to secure/assure all its citizens
1. Justice Social and Economic
2. Liberty of Thought and Expression
3. Equality of Opportunity
4. Dignity of the Individual
Choose the correct answer by using the code :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1,2 and 3
(c) 2,3 and 4
(d) All above
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (d) All above
- The Preamble of the Constitution explains the main beliefs and important principles that the Constitution is based on. Its purpose is to ensure the safety of all citizens:
- Justice-Social, Economic Political
- Liberty of Thought, Expression, Belief, Faith, and Worship
- Equality of Status and Opportunity
- Fraternity assuring the Dignity of the Individual and the Unity and Integrity of the Nation.
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19. How many types of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity in that order have been mentioned in the preamble of the Constitution of India?
(a) 3, 5, 2, 1
(b) 1, 3, 5, 2
(c) 2, 5, 3, 1
(d) 5, 2, 1, 3
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (a) 3, 5, 2, 1
- The Preamble of the Constitution outlines the important beliefs and principles that shape the Constitution.
- Its purpose is to protect all citizens by promoting justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, which guarantees the rights of individuals and the unity of the nation.
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20. ‘India is a Republic’ means –
(a) It is the people who are the final authority in all matters.
(b) There is no Parliamentary System of Government in India.
(c) There are no hereditary rulers in India.
(d) India is the Union of States.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (c) There are no hereditary rulers in India.
- In India, the leader of the country is chosen by the people through representatives they vote for.
- This is known as an indirect election.
- This makes India a Republic, a form of government where the people have the highest power.
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21. India has people’s sovereignty because of the Preamble of the Constitution begins with the words :
(a) Democratic India
(b) Republic of People
(c) Democracy of People
(d) We, the People of India
[39thB.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (d) We, the People of India
- The beginning of the Constitution of India begins with the phrase “We the People of India…” This phrase shows that the citizens of India are in charge and not controlled by any other outside power.
- It means the citizens are governed by the Constitution.
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22. Where have the words ‘We the people of India’ been used in the Constitution of India?
(a) Directive Principles
(b) Fundamental Rights
(c) Citizenship
(d) Preamble of the Constitution
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) Preamble of the Constitution
- The start of the Constitution of India says “We the People of India…” This shows that the citizens of India are in charge, not any other outside force. This means that the people of India are ruled by the Constitution.
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23. “All individuals are fully and equally human” This the principle is known as –
(a) Universalism
(b) Holism
(c) Socialism
(d) Interactionism
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (a) Universalism
- The idea that everyone is equal and deserves the same Human Rights is called universalism.
- This means that no one should be treated differently than anyone else.
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24. Which among the following is the correct expression of the term ‘Secular’ in India?
(a) India has many religions.
(b) Indians have religious freedom.
(c) Following the religion depends upon the will of an individual.
(d) There is no religion of the State in India.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]
Ans. (d) There is no religion of the State in India.
- In India, the Constitution promotes the idea of Secularism, which means that the government does not prefer any one religion over another.
- All religions are treated equally by the government.
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25. Which of the following words is not in the Preamble to the Constitution of India?
(a) Socialist
(b) Secular
(c) Sovereign
(d) Public Welfare
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Public Welfare
- The Constitution does not mention the phrase “Public Welfare,” but it does include the words “Socialist,” “Secular,” and “Sovereign” in the Preamble.
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26. Which one of the following liberty is not embodied in the Preamble of the Constitution of India?
(a) Liberty of Thought
(b) Liberty of Expression
(c) Liberty of Belief
(d) Economic Liberty
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (d) Economic Liberty
- The introduction of the Constitution of India talks about freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship, but it does not include the freedom to do what you want with your money.
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27. Which one of the following reflects the most appropriate relationship between law and liberty?
(a) If there are more laws, there is less liberty.
(b) If there are no laws, there is no liberty.
(c) If there is liberty, laws have to be made by the people.
(d) If laws are changed too often, liberty is in danger.
[I.A.S. (Pre.) 2018]
Ans. (b) If there are no laws, there is no liberty.
- The two ideas (liberty and laws) go together – they are not in opposition.
- Laws help to provide freedom and liberty, and when there are no laws, these rights can be violated.
- Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
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28. Which among the following is not mentioned in the Preamble to the Constitution of India?
(a) Social Justice
(b) Economic Justice
(c) Political Justice
(d) Religious Justice
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) Religious Justice
- The Constitution of India mentions Justice in terms of social, economic and political matters, but does not mention Religious Justice.
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29. In the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, which Justice is provided to all its citizens?
(a) Social, Religious and Political
(b) Social, Economic and Cultural
(c) Social, Political, and Cultural
(d) Social, Economic and Political
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (d) Social, Economic and Political
- The Constitution of India talks about JUSTICE (social, economic and political), but does not mention anything about Religious Justice in its Preamble.
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30. Which one of the following objectives is not embodied in the Preamble to the Constitution of India?
(a) Liberty of thought
(b) Economic liberty
(c) Liberty of expression
(d) Liberty of belief
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (b) Economic liberty
- The Preamble of the Constitution of India is aimed to protect all citizens’ freedom of thought, speech, religion, and worship, as well as social, economic, and political justice, and equality of status and chance.
- This shows that economic freedom is not included in the Indian Constitution’s Preamble.
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31. Which of the following is true in relation to the Preamble of the Constitution of India?
(a) The words ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ were not the part of the Preamble on the enforcement of the Constitution in 1950
(b) The above-mentioned words were inserted by amendment in 1977
(c) The above-mentioned words were inserted by amendment in 1985
(d) These two words are not part of the Preamble
[M.P.C.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (a) The words ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ were not part of the Preamble on the enforcement of the Constitution in 1950
- The Constitution did not include the words ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ when it was first put into effect in 1950.
- These words were added to the preamble by the 42nd Amendment act in 1976.
- Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.
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32. Which part of the Indian Constitution has been described as the ‘Soul’ of the Constitution?
(a) Fundamental Rights
(b) Directive Principles of State Policy
(c) The Preamble
(d) Right to Constitutional Remedies
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2006, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2008, U.P. P.S.C. (GIC) 2008, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2012, U.P. P.S.C. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (c) The Preamble
- The Preamble of the Constitution is often referred to as the “Soul of the Constitution”.
- K.M. Munshi, a member of the drafters of the Constitution, called the Preamble the “Horoscope of our sovereign democratic Republic”.
- Subhash Kashyap said that the Preamble is the foundation of the Constitution, like a building standing on it.
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar also saw the Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) as the core of the Constitution.
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33. Who among the following called the Preamble of the Indian Constitution “the horoscope of our sovereign, democratic republic”?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) B.R. Ambedkar
(d) K.M. Munshi
(e) Mahatma Gandhi
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (d) K.M. Munshi
- The Preamble of the Constitution is considered the most important part, and K.M.
- Munshi said it was like the horoscope for our democratic Republic. Subhash Kashyap said the Preamble was the soul of the Constitution and the foundation for the building of the Constitution.
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar recognized “The Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)” as the heart and soul of the Constitution.
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34. Who has termed the Constitution a sacred document?
(a) B. R. Ambedkar
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Deendayal Upadhyay
(d) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) B. R. Ambedkar
- In 1947, Bhimrao Ambedkar was appointed to lead the Drafting Committee of India’s Constituent Assembly.
- He was a strong believer in the Constitution and saw it as a very important and sacred document for the government.
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35. In which of the following cases Supreme Court held that ‘The Preamble forms part of the Constitution?
(a) Union of India Vs. Dr. Kohli
(b) Banarsidas Vs. State of U.P.
(c) Bommai Vs. Union of India
(d) Malak Singh Vs. State of Punjab
[U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2012]
Ans. (c) Bommai Vs. Union of India
- In 1994, the Supreme Court ruled that the Preamble is an essential part of the Constitution in the S.R. Bommai Vs. Union of India case.
- In 1973, a group of 13 Judges from the Supreme Court described the core structure of the Constitution in the Kesavanand Bharti Vs State of Kerala case.
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36. In which case did the Supreme Court first declare that the Preamble is not a part of the Constitution?
(a) Berubari
(b) Sajjan Singh
(c) Golak Nath
(d) Keshvanand Bharti
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (a) Berubari
- The Supreme Court of India said in the Berubari case of 1960 that the Preamble is not an important part of the Indian Constitution.
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37. In which of the following cases the Supreme Court regarded the Preamble as a part of the basic structure of the India Constitution?
(a) Beru Bari Case
(b) A.K. Gopalan Case
(c) Privy Purse Case
(d) Keshwanand Bharti Case
[U.P.P.S.C. (R.I.) 2014]
Ans. (d) Keshwanand Bharti Case
- In the Keshavanand Bharti case, the Supreme Court of India saw the Preamble as an important part of the Indian Constitution.
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38. Consider the following and arrange these in chronological order:
I. Golak Nath Case
II. Keshavanand Bharti Case
III. 24th Constitution Amendment Act
IV. 42nd Constitution Amendment Act
Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
Codes:
(a) I, III, II, IV
(b) I, II, III, IV
(c) III, I, II, IV
(d) III, I, IV, II
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (a) I, III, II, IV
- The Golak Nath Case was decided in 1967, and the Keshavanand Bharti Case was decided in 1973.
- The Constitution (Twenty-Fourth Amendment) Act was passed in 1971, and the Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act passed in 1976.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option (a).
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39. Economic Justice’ as one of the objectives of the Indian Constitution has been provided in –
(a) The Preamble and the Fundamental Rights
(b) The Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
(c) The Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b) The Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy
- The Preamble of the Indian Constitution makes it clear that Economic Justice is an important goal.
- The Directive Principles of State Policy have several Articles that help achieve this goal.
- for example, Article 38(1) says that the State should work towards creating a society where justice, both social and economic, is part of everyday life.
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40. The ideals and objectives outlined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution have been further elaborated in –
(a) The Chapter on Fundamental Rights
(b) The Chapter on Directive Principles of State Policy
(c) The Chapter on Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Rights, and Fundamental Duties
(d) Nowhere else in the text of the Constitution.
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002, U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (c) The Chapter on Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Rights, and Fundamental Duties
- The Constitution seeks to guarantee rights such as freedom of thought, expression, religion, and equality to all citizens.
- It also prioritizes the progress of the people, as well as the nation, by promoting unity.
- The goals laid out in the Preamble are incorporated into the chapters on Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and Fundamental Duties.
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41. The mind of the makers of the constitution of India is reflected in which of the following?
(a) The Preamble
(b) The Fundamental Rights
(c) The Directive Principles of State Policy
(d) The Fundamental Duties
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) The Preamble
- The Constitution’s purpose is to make sure all citizens have the right to justice, freedom, equality, and opportunity, regardless of their social or economic status.
- It also wants to promote unity among the people, and these ideals are written in the sections of the Constitution that cover fundamental rights, duties, and principles.
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42. How many types of justice have been enshrined in the Preamble of the Constitution of India?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) One
(d) Four
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (b) Three
- The Indian Constitution’s Preamble mentions 3 types of justice that it wants to guarantee: Social, Economic, and Political Justice.
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43. The Preamble given in the Constitution-
1. is not enforceable in courts
2. is important and has utility
3. Describe the aims of governance
4. helps to give a Judicial meaning to our Constitution
Code :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1,2 and 3
(d) 2,3 and 4
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (*)
- All of the answers are correct.
- The Preamble listed in the Constitution cannot be enforced in court.
- It is important to note that the Preamble can be changed, and it has only been changed once in 1976 by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment.
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44. What is the legal nature of the Preamble of the Constitution?
(a) It is enforceable
(b) It is not enforceable
(c) It may be enforced in special circumstances
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) It is not enforceable
- All the answers given are correct.
- The Preamble in the Constitution cannot be enforced in a Court of Law.
- It is important to note that the Preamble can be changed and it has only been changed once in 1976 by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment.
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45. Which one of the following factors constitutes the best safeguard of liberty in a liberal democracy?
(a) A committed judiciary
(b) Centralization of powers
(c) Elected government
(d) Separation of powers
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (d) Separation of powers
- In a democracy, the power comes from the people.
- This gives people the right to make their own decisions, have their own freedoms, and be respected.
- The court system will always follow the government’s orders.
- Centralization of power means that the few leaders at the top of the organization have the power to make decisions.
- The elected government should provide freedom, but it is not the only way to ensure liberty.
- None of these are the only answer.
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46. One of the implications of equality in society is the absence of
(a) Privileges
(b) Restraints
(c) Competition
(d) Ideology
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (a) Privileges
- The idea of equality mainly means getting rid of special advantages.
- This is obvious in the demand for equal rights, which was originally made to end the social ranking that had been in place since feudal times.
- Giving certain people privileges based on gender, skin color, religion, etc. is seen as an irrational bias and goes against the idea of equality.
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47. Constitutional government means
(a) a representative government of a nation with a federal structure
(b) a government whose Head enjoys nominal powers
(c) a government whose Head enjoys real powers
(d) a government limited by the terms of the Constitution
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (d) a government limited by the terms of the Constitution
- Constitutional government or Constitutionalism means that a government’s power comes from a set of laws or a constitution.
- This isn’t always seen as meaning that the government is limited in its power, though this is one interpretation.
- Option (d) is the right answer.
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48. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Social equality is not guaranteed in our Constitution
(b) Social equality already existed in our country
(c) Social equality is guaranteed in our Constitution
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (c) Social equality is guaranteed in our Constitution
- The Constitution of our country protects social equality through Articles 14 to 18, known as the ‘Right to Equality’.
- The main goal of the Preamble to the Constitution is also to make sure that everyone has the same rights.
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