Indian polity & Governance Test 6
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Indian polity & Governance Test 6
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20 questions based on polity and Governance .
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Question 1 of 20
1. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are fundamental rights
Right to propagate a religion
Converting a person to a different religionSelect the correct code
Correct
Answer – A
- Transmission and dissemination of one’s religious beliefs to others or exposition of the tenets of one’s religion.
- But, it does not include a right to convert another person to one’s own religion. Forcible conversions impinge on the ‘freedom of conscience’ guaranteed to all the persons alike. Chattisgarh has also passed anti-conversion act last year, beside many other governments.
Incorrect
Answer – A
- Transmission and dissemination of one’s religious beliefs to others or exposition of the tenets of one’s religion.
- But, it does not include a right to convert another person to one’s own religion. Forcible conversions impinge on the ‘freedom of conscience’ guaranteed to all the persons alike. Chattisgarh has also passed anti-conversion act last year, beside many other governments.
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Question 2 of 20
2. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following falls under Right to Religion
- A person conducting a specific ritual in a different way than the mainstream religious community
- Protection is awarded to non-citizens as well under the right
Select the right code
Correct
Answer – C
- Article 25 covers not only religious beliefs (doctrines) but also religious practices (rituals). Moreover, these rights are available to all persons—citizens as well as non-citizens.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Article 25 covers not only religious beliefs (doctrines) but also religious practices (rituals). Moreover, these rights are available to all persons—citizens as well as non-citizens.
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Question 3 of 20
3. Question
1 pointsUnder Article 25, which of the following religious communities do not fall under the classification “Hindu”
Buddhists
Christians
Sikhs
ParsisSelect the correct code
Correct
Answer – C
- Article 25 also contains two explanations: one, wearing and carrying of kirpans is to be included in the profession of the Sikh religion; and two, the Hindus, in this context, include Sikhs, Jains and Buddhists.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Article 25 also contains two explanations: one, wearing and carrying of kirpans is to be included in the profession of the Sikh religion; and two, the Hindus, in this context, include Sikhs, Jains and Buddhists.
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Question 4 of 20
4. Question
1 pointsState can regulate which of the following category of activities of religious institutions
Economic
Educational
PoliticalSelect the correct code
Correct
Answer – C
- State is permitted to regulate or restrict any economic, financial, political or other secular activity associated with religious practice
Incorrect
Answer – C
- State is permitted to regulate or restrict any economic, financial, political or other secular activity associated with religious practice
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Question 5 of 20
5. Question
1 pointsRight to religion can be constrained if in case of
- Public health emergency
- State can interfere if “lower castes” are not allowed in Hindu temples
Select the right code
Correct
Answer – C
- Right to religion is subject to public order, morality, health and other provisions relating to fundamental rights.
- State is permitted to provide for social welfare and reform or throw open Hindu religious institutions of a public character to all classes and sections of Hindus
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Right to religion is subject to public order, morality, health and other provisions relating to fundamental rights.
- State is permitted to provide for social welfare and reform or throw open Hindu religious institutions of a public character to all classes and sections of Hindus
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Question 6 of 20
6. Question
1 pointsWho designates any organisation as religious denomination for the purpose of Article 26
Correct
Answer – A
- Supreme Court held that a religious denomination must satisfy three conditions:
- It should be a collection of individuals who have a system of beliefs (doctrines) which they regard as conductive to their spiritual well-being
- It should have a common organisation
- It should be designated by a distinctive name
- Under the above criteria, the Supreme Court held that the ‘Ramakrishna Mission’ and ‘Ananda Marga’ are religious denominations within the Hindu religion. It also held that Aurobindo Society is not a religious denomination.
Incorrect
Answer – A
- Supreme Court held that a religious denomination must satisfy three conditions:
- It should be a collection of individuals who have a system of beliefs (doctrines) which they regard as conductive to their spiritual well-being
- It should have a common organisation
- It should be designated by a distinctive name
- Under the above criteria, the Supreme Court held that the ‘Ramakrishna Mission’ and ‘Ananda Marga’ are religious denominations within the Hindu religion. It also held that Aurobindo Society is not a religious denomination.
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Question 7 of 20
7. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are true
- Majority community maintaining religious institution is a fundamental right
- Rights of minority community to manage its own religious affairs can be curtailed during emergency declared due to war
Select the correct code
Correct
Answer – A
- According to Article 26, every religious denomination or any of its section shall have the following rights:
- Right to establish and maintain institu-tions for religious and charitable purposes
- Right to manage its own affairs in matters of religion
- Right to own and acquire movable and immovable property
- Right to administer such property in accordance with law
- Like the rights under Article 25, the rights under Article 26 are also subject to public order, morality and health but not subject to other provisions relating to the Fundamental Rights
Incorrect
Answer – A
- According to Article 26, every religious denomination or any of its section shall have the following rights:
- Right to establish and maintain institu-tions for religious and charitable purposes
- Right to manage its own affairs in matters of religion
- Right to own and acquire movable and immovable property
- Right to administer such property in accordance with law
- Like the rights under Article 25, the rights under Article 26 are also subject to public order, morality and health but not subject to other provisions relating to the Fundamental Rights
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Question 8 of 20
8. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are true
- A government school cannot impart religious instructions
- A private school affiliated to CBSE cannot force any student to adhere to religious instructions in prayers
Select the correct code
Correct
Answer – C
- Under Article 28, no religious instruction shall be provided in any educational institution wholly maintained out of State funds. However, this provision shall not apply to an educational institution administered by the State but established under any endowment or trust, requiring imparting of religious instruction in such institution
- Further, no person attending any educational institution recognised by the State or receiving aid out of State funds shall be required to attend any religious instruction or worship in that institution without his consent. In case of a minor, the consent of his guardian is needed.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Under Article 28, no religious instruction shall be provided in any educational institution wholly maintained out of State funds. However, this provision shall not apply to an educational institution administered by the State but established under any endowment or trust, requiring imparting of religious instruction in such institution
- Further, no person attending any educational institution recognised by the State or receiving aid out of State funds shall be required to attend any religious instruction or worship in that institution without his consent. In case of a minor, the consent of his guardian is needed.
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Question 9 of 20
9. Question
1 pointsConsider the statements below
- State cannot levy any fee for administration of religious institutions
- Taxes can be employed to promote all religions
Which of the above is/are correct
Correct
Answer – B
- Article 27 lays down that no person shall be compelled to pay any taxes for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion or religious denomination. In other words, the State should not spend the public money collected by way of tax for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion. This provision prohibits the State from favouring, patronising and supporting one religion over the other. This means that the taxes can be used for the promotion or maintenance of all religions.
- This provision prohibits only levy of a tax and not a fee. This is because the purpose of a fee is to control secular administration of religious institutions and not to promote or maintain religion.
Incorrect
Answer – B
- Article 27 lays down that no person shall be compelled to pay any taxes for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion or religious denomination. In other words, the State should not spend the public money collected by way of tax for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion. This provision prohibits the State from favouring, patronising and supporting one religion over the other. This means that the taxes can be used for the promotion or maintenance of all religions.
- This provision prohibits only levy of a tax and not a fee. This is because the purpose of a fee is to control secular administration of religious institutions and not to promote or maintain religion.
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Question 10 of 20
10. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following can be conserved by respective communities as fundamental right
- Gurmukhi script by Punjabi speaking in both Punjab and Karnataka
- Worshipping tulsi in a different way than others by a section of people
Select the right code
Correct
Answer – C
- Article 29 provides that any section of the citizens residing in any part of India having a distinct language, script or culture of its own, shall have the right to conserve the same
- Article 29 grants protection to both religious minorities as well as linguistic minorities. However, the Supreme Court held that the scope of this article is not necessarily restricted to minorities only, as it is commonly assumed to be. This is because of the use of words ‘section of citizens’ in the Article that include minorities as well as majority
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Article 29 provides that any section of the citizens residing in any part of India having a distinct language, script or culture of its own, shall have the right to conserve the same
- Article 29 grants protection to both religious minorities as well as linguistic minorities. However, the Supreme Court held that the scope of this article is not necessarily restricted to minorities only, as it is commonly assumed to be. This is because of the use of words ‘section of citizens’ in the Article that include minorities as well as majority
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Question 11 of 20
11. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements
- Begar is allowed only in private enterprise, not in government settings
- In case of FDI in a sector, forced labour is not considered against fundamental rights if the government notifies
Select the right code
Correct
Answer – D
Article 23 prohibits traffic in human beings, begar (forced labour) and other similar forms of forced labour. Any contravention of this provision shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law. This right is available to both citizens and non-citizens. It protects the individual not only against the State but also against private persons.
Incorrect
Answer – D
Article 23 prohibits traffic in human beings, begar (forced labour) and other similar forms of forced labour. Any contravention of this provision shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law. This right is available to both citizens and non-citizens. It protects the individual not only against the State but also against private persons.
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Question 12 of 20
12. Question
1 pointsCertain forms of labour are prohibited by including the provisions under Fundamental Rights. What is the historical background for the same?
Correct
Answer – D
- The expression ‘traffic in human beings’ include (a) selling and buying of men, women and children like goods; (b) immoral traffic in women and children, including prostitution; (c) devadasis; and (d) slavery. To punish these acts, the Parliament has made the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act13, 1956.
- The term ‘begar ’ means compulsory work without remuneration. It was a peculiar Indian system under which the local zamindars sometimes used to force their tenants to render services without any payment. In addition to begar, the Article 23 prohibits other ‘similar forms of forced labour’ like ‘bonded labour’. The term ‘forced labour’ means compelling a person to work against his will.
- The word ‘force’ includes not only physical or legal force but also force arising from the compulsion of economic circumstances, that is, working for less than the minimum wage. In this regard, the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976; the Minimum Wages Act, 1948; the Contract Labour Act, 1970 and the Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 were made.
Incorrect
Answer – D
- The expression ‘traffic in human beings’ include (a) selling and buying of men, women and children like goods; (b) immoral traffic in women and children, including prostitution; (c) devadasis; and (d) slavery. To punish these acts, the Parliament has made the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act13, 1956.
- The term ‘begar ’ means compulsory work without remuneration. It was a peculiar Indian system under which the local zamindars sometimes used to force their tenants to render services without any payment. In addition to begar, the Article 23 prohibits other ‘similar forms of forced labour’ like ‘bonded labour’. The term ‘forced labour’ means compelling a person to work against his will.
- The word ‘force’ includes not only physical or legal force but also force arising from the compulsion of economic circumstances, that is, working for less than the minimum wage. In this regard, the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976; the Minimum Wages Act, 1948; the Contract Labour Act, 1970 and the Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 were made.
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Question 13 of 20
13. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following Acts of Parliament have been enacted under Article 23
- Minimum Wages Act, 1948
- Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act13, 1956
Select the correct code
Correct
Answer – C
Same explanation as above
Incorrect
Answer – C
Same explanation as above
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Question 14 of 20
14. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following Article of the Constitution has been dubbed as ‘soul of the Constitution’
Correct
Answer – A
- Article 32 confers the right to remedies for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. In other words, the right to get the Fundamental Rights protected is in itself a fundamental right. This makes the fundamental rights real. That is why Dr Ambedkar called Article 32 as the most important article of the Constitution—‘an Article without which this constitution would be a nullity. It is the very soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it’.
Incorrect
Answer – A
- Article 32 confers the right to remedies for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. In other words, the right to get the Fundamental Rights protected is in itself a fundamental right. This makes the fundamental rights real. That is why Dr Ambedkar called Article 32 as the most important article of the Constitution—‘an Article without which this constitution would be a nullity. It is the very soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it’.
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Question 15 of 20
15. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following is/are true about Constitutional Remedies
- Except Supreme Court and High Courts, no other Court an enforce them
- The Right to move Court can be suspended during National Emergency
Select the correct code
Correct
Answer – B
- Parliament can empower any other court to issue directions, orders and writs of all kinds. However, this can be done without prejudice to the above powers conferred on the Supreme Court.
- The right to move the Supreme Court shall not be suspended except as otherwise provided for by the Constitution. Thus the Constitution provides that the President can suspend the right to move any court for the enforcement of the fundamental rights during a national emergency (Article 359).
Incorrect
Answer – B
- Parliament can empower any other court to issue directions, orders and writs of all kinds. However, this can be done without prejudice to the above powers conferred on the Supreme Court.
- The right to move the Supreme Court shall not be suspended except as otherwise provided for by the Constitution. Thus the Constitution provides that the President can suspend the right to move any court for the enforcement of the fundamental rights during a national emergency (Article 359).
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Question 16 of 20
16. Question
1 pointsForced labour is allowed in case
- State impose compulsory public service without any discrimination on basis of race, religion, class or caste
- Parents allowing employer to employ their children of less than 18 years
Which of the statements above is/are correct
Correct
Answer – A
- Article 23 also provides for an exception to this provision. It permits the State to impose compulsory service for public purposes, as for example, military service or social service, for which it is not bound to pay. However, in imposing such service, the State is not permitted to make any discrimination on grounds only of religion, race, caste or class. Hence statement 1 is correct
- Article 24 prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine or other hazardous activities like construction work or railway. But it does not prohibit their employment in any harmless or innocent work. Hence statement 2 is wrong.
Incorrect
Answer – A
- Article 23 also provides for an exception to this provision. It permits the State to impose compulsory service for public purposes, as for example, military service or social service, for which it is not bound to pay. However, in imposing such service, the State is not permitted to make any discrimination on grounds only of religion, race, caste or class. Hence statement 1 is correct
- Article 24 prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine or other hazardous activities like construction work or railway. But it does not prohibit their employment in any harmless or innocent work. Hence statement 2 is wrong.
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Question 17 of 20
17. Question
1 pointsDirective Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution are a reflection of ideals enshrined in Constitutions of
- Spain
- Ireland
- Government of India Act 1935
Select the correct answer from the codes below
Correct
Answer – D
- The framers of the Constitution borrowed Directive Principles from the Constitution of Ireland, which in turn had adopted from Spanish Constitution. Hence statements 1 and 2 are true.
- Directive Principles resemble the ‘Instrument of Instructions’ enumerated in the Government of India Act of 1935. Hence statement 3 is also true.
Incorrect
Answer – D
- The framers of the Constitution borrowed Directive Principles from the Constitution of Ireland, which in turn had adopted from Spanish Constitution. Hence statements 1 and 2 are true.
- Directive Principles resemble the ‘Instrument of Instructions’ enumerated in the Government of India Act of 1935. Hence statement 3 is also true.
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Question 18 of 20
18. Question
1 pointsInstrument of Instructions enshrined in GOI 1935 Act were issued by ____ to ____
Correct
Answer – B
- In the words of Dr B R Ambedkar, ‘the Directive Principles are like the instrument of instructions, which were issued to the Governor-General and to the Governors of the colonies of India by the British Government under the Government of India Act of 1935. What is called Directive Principles is merely another name for the instrument of instructions. The only difference is that they are instructions to the legislature and the executive’. Hence B is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – B
- In the words of Dr B R Ambedkar, ‘the Directive Principles are like the instrument of instructions, which were issued to the Governor-General and to the Governors of the colonies of India by the British Government under the Government of India Act of 1935. What is called Directive Principles is merely another name for the instrument of instructions. The only difference is that they are instructions to the legislature and the executive’. Hence B is correct.
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Question 19 of 20
19. Question
1 pointsConstitution has described which of the following as “fundamental to the governance of the country”
Correct
Answer – B
- Constitution (Article 37) itself says that these principles are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws. Hence B is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – B
- Constitution (Article 37) itself says that these principles are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws. Hence B is correct.
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Question 20 of 20
20. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following Directive Principle has/have been added through 44th Constitutional amendment
- Minimising inequalities
- Promoting cooperative societies
- Free legal aid to poor
Select the correct answer using codes given
Correct
Answer – A
- 44th Amendment Act of 1978 added one more Directive Principle, which requires the State to minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunities (Article 38). Hence statement 1 is correct.
- 97th Amendment Act of 2011 added a new Directive Principle relating to co-operative societies. It requires the state to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societies (Article 43B). Hence statement 2 is wrong.
- To promote equal justice and to provide free legal aid to the poor (Article 39 A) was added through 42nd Amendment. Hence 3 is also wrong.
Incorrect
Answer – A
- 44th Amendment Act of 1978 added one more Directive Principle, which requires the State to minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunities (Article 38). Hence statement 1 is correct.
- 97th Amendment Act of 2011 added a new Directive Principle relating to co-operative societies. It requires the state to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societies (Article 43B). Hence statement 2 is wrong.
- To promote equal justice and to provide free legal aid to the poor (Article 39 A) was added through 42nd Amendment. Hence 3 is also wrong.