1. The maximum amount of water, which plants need to grow, is absorbed by the following :
(a) Embryonic zone
(b) Growing point
(c) Zone of elongation
(d) Root hairs
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (d) Root hairs
- Root hairs are the outermost layer of the zone of cell maturation and they can absorb the most amount of water.
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2. When the bark of a tree is removed in a circular fashion all around near its base, it gradually dries up or dies because –
(a) Water from soil cannot rise to aerial parts
(b) Roots are starved of energy
(c) Tree is infected by the soil microbes
(d) Roots do not receive oxygen for respiration
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (b) Roots are starved of energy
- Cutting the bark of a tree near its base will cut off the flow of nutrients (food from the green leaves) to the roots because the phloem, which is the tissue responsible for transporting food, will be gone.
- Without this energy, the plant will dry out and die.
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3. Water is conducted in vascular plants by-
(a) Phloem tissue
(b) Parenchyma tissue
(c) Meristems
(d) Xylem tissue
[53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (d) Xylem tissue
- The xylem carries water and minerals from the roots to different parts of the plant. It also helps replenish the water lost from the plant due to transpiration and photosynthesis.
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4. The ‘xylem’ in plants is responsible mainly for –
(a) Transportation of food
(b) Transportation of amino acid
(c) Transportation of water
(d) Transportation of oxygen
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2015]
Ans. (c) Transportation of water
- Vascular plants have two types of transporting tissues: phloem and xylem. Xylem is a specialized tissue that carries water and minerals from the ground to the stems and leaves of plants, as well as providing support and storage.
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5. Water in plants is transported by :
(a) Xylem
(b) Epidermis
(c) Phloem
(d) Cambium
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2020]
Ans. (a) Xylem
- Vascular plants have two types of transporting tissues: phloem and xylem. Xylem is a specialized tissue that carries water and minerals from the ground to the stems and leaves of plants, as well as providing support and storage.
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6. ‘Phloem’ in plants is mainly responsible for –
(a) Transportation of food
(b) Transportation of amino acid
(c) Transportation of oxygen
(d) Transportation of water
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) Transportation of food
- Phloem, also known as ‘bast’, are the tissues in plants that transport food made in the leaves to other parts of the plant.
- It is made up of special cells called sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma cells.
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7. Which of the living tissues acts as the carrier of organic nutrients in higher plants ?
(a) Xylem
(b) Phloem
(c) Cortex
(d) Epidermis
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]
Ans. (b) Phloem
- Xylem is made up of non-living cells and phloem is made up of living cells. Phloem moves food from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
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8. Which of the following elements is not essential for plant growth?
(a) Sodium
(b) Potassium
(c) Calcium
(d) Magnesium
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (a) Sodium
- Essential elements are classified into following two categories.
- Macroelements (Major elements) –
These are requiredby the plant in larger quantities e.g.- Carbon (C), Hydrogen(H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium(K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca) and Sulphur (S).
- Microelements (Minor elements or Trace elements) –
These are required by the plant in low quantities. Examples are Boron (B), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu),Molybdenum (Mo), Chlorine (Cl), Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni).
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9. Which of the following is macronutrient in relation to growth of plants?
(a) Potassium
(b) Zinc
(c) Boron
(d) Chlorine
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (a) Potassium
- Essential elements are classified into following two categories.
- Macroelements (Major elements) –
These are requiredby the plant in larger quantities e.g.- Carbon (C), Hydrogen(H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium(K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca) and Sulphur (S).
- Microelements (Minor elements or Trace elements) –
These are required by the plant in low quantities. Examples are Boron (B), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu),Molybdenum (Mo), Chlorine (Cl), Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni).
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10. Which of the following elements is NOT a micronutrient in plants?
(a) Iron
(b) Manganese
(c) Copper
(d) Magnesium
[U.P. B.E.O. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (d) Magnesium
- Essential elements are classified into following two categories.
- Macroelements (Major elements) –
These are requiredby the plant in larger quantities e.g.- Carbon (C), Hydrogen(H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium(K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca) and Sulphur (S).
- Microelements (Minor elements or Trace elements) –
These are required by the plant in low quantities. Examples are Boron (B), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu),Molybdenum (Mo), Chlorine (Cl), Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni).
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11. Which one of the following is not an essential nutrient for plants?
(a) Boron
(b) Potassium
(c) Sodium
(d) Magnesium
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (c) Sodium
- Essential elements are classified into following two categories.
- Macroelements (Major elements) –
These are requiredby the plant in larger quantities e.g.- Carbon (C), Hydrogen(H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium(K), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca) and Sulphur (S).
- Microelements (Minor elements or Trace elements) –
These are required by the plant in low quantities. Examples are Boron (B), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu),Molybdenum (Mo), Chlorine (Cl), Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni).
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12. Which of the following nutrient is most useful for enhancing oil content in mustard crop?
(a) Calcium
(b) Sulphur
(c) Zinc
(d) Iron
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (b) Sulphur
- Mustard crops need Sulphur, as it helps with the plant’s metabolism and it is necessary for the production of oil in the plants’ seeds.
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13. Which of the following nutrient is necessary for ‘Nodule Formation’ in legumes?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Silicon
(c) Boron
(d) None of the above
[U.P. B.E.O. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (c) Boron
- Boron is a nutrient that plants need to grow and develop. It helps them create new cells and form nodules in legumes. It also helps move sugars, starches, nitrogen and phosphorus around.
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14. Identify parasite in the following?
(a) Pitcher plant
(b) Cuscuta
(c) Bladderwort
(d) Sunf ower
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) Cuscuta
- Cuscuta (dodder) is a type of plant that doesn’t have leaves and is usually yellow, orange, or red.
- It has thin stems and produces something called haustoria. In traditional medicine, dodder is used to help with purging and to cure diseases related to the liver, spleen, and urinary tract.
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15. Consider the following statements :
Assertion (A) : Cuscuta (Amarbel) is an example of
parasitic angiosperm.
Reason (R) : It gets its nutrition from the leaves of
the host plant.
Choose your answer from the code given below :
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(d) Assertion (A) is true, but (R) is false.
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) Assertion (A) is true, but (R) is false.
- Cuscuta is a yellow plant without roots that winds around the stem of another plant.
- It is an example of a parasitic plant and uses special structures called haustoria to connect to the host plant and take nutrients, water, and minerals from it.
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16. Crop logging is a method of –
(a) Soil fertility evaluation
(b) Plant analysis for assessing the requirement of nutrients for crop production
(c) Assessing of crop damage
(d) Testing suitability of fertilizers
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (b) Plant analysis for assessing the requirement of nutrients for crop production
- Crop-logging can be really useful in deciding how much of each nutrient plants need in order to grow well and produce a lot.
- Clements from the US created this idea to help with growing sugarcane in Hawaii, because the fertilizer needed for this crop is affected by the weather and climate.
- Crop-logging is a way to analyze plants to figure out how much nutrients they need to produce a good harvest.
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