1. There are how many pairs of cranial nerves in human?
(a) 8
(b) 12
(c) 25
(d) 31
[M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (b) 12
- The nerves that come out of the skull are called cranial nerves.
- There are 12 pairs of these nerves located on the underside of the brain.
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2. How many pairs of nerves arise from the spinal cord?
(a) 13
(b) 31
(c) 33
(d) 12
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (b) 31
- The nerves that come from the spinal cord are called spinal nerves.
- These nerves carry different types of signals from the spinal cord to the body.
- Humans have 31 pairs of these nerves, one on each side of the spinal column.
- They are divided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal parts of the spine.
- In each part, there are a certain number of pairs of spinal nerves.
- These nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system
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3. The brain is responsible for :
(a) Thinking
(b) Regulating the heartbeat
(c) Balancing the body
(d) All of the above three
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) All of the above three
- The brain is made up of three parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.
- The cerebrum is the biggest part and is responsible for things like interpreting touch, sight, sound, speaking, thinking, learning, and controlling movement.
- The cerebellum’s job is to keep us balanced and coordinate our muscle movements.
- The brainstem helps with automatic things like breathing, heart rate, temperature, sleep, digestion, etc. Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
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4. Consider the following statements about human brain:
1. The brain is responsible for regulating the heartbeat.
2. It is responsible for balancing the body.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Code :
(a) Only 1 is correct
(b) Only 2 is correct
(c) 1 and 2 both are correct
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (c) 1 and 2 both are correct
- The brain is made up of three parts:
- The Cerebrum
- Cerebellum
- Brainstem
- The cerebrum is the biggest part and helps with interpreting things like touch, sight, sound, speaking, thinking, learning, and controlling movement.
- The cerebellum helps us stay balanced and coordinate our muscles.
- The brainstem takes care of automatic things like breathing, heart rate, temperature, sleep, and digestion.
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5. Where is the governing centre of reflex action located?
(a) In cerebrum
(b) In cerebellum
(c) In spinal cord
(d) In nerve cells
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) In spinal cord
- Reflex arcs are pathways in the body that control an action.
- In higher animals, most sensory neurons do not connect directly to the brain, but instead link to the spinal cord.
- This lets reflex actions happen quickly, without the need to send messages to the brain, although the brain still gets sensory information.
- There are two kinds of reflex arcs:
- those that affect the inner organs (autonomic reflex arcs)
- those that affect muscles (somatic reflex arcs).
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6. Which one of the following organs will not feel any pain on being pricked by a needle?
(a) Skin
(b) Brain
(c) Heart
(d) Eye
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (b) Brain
| The brain does not have any kind of receptors that feel pain or touch, so a needle or a brain surgery won’t make the brain feel anything. |
7. In a human brain memory power is found in
(a) Medulla oblongata
(b) Cerebrum
(c) Brain cavity
(d) Cerebellum
(e) All of these
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (b) Cerebrum
- The brain is made up of three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.
- The cerebrum is the largest part and it’s responsible for movement, thought, emotion, and problem-solving.
- The cerebellum is smaller and it sits at the back of the skull under the cerebrum.
- It is in charge of coordination and balance.
- The hippocampus is part of the cerebrum and it helps with memory.
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8. ‘Satiety’ and ‘thirst’ centres in humans are located in which of the following parts of the brain ?
(a) Fore-brain
(b) Hypothalamus
(c) Medulla
(d) Optic lobe
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (b) Hypothalamus
- The part of the brain called the hypothalamus controls how much you eat, how thirsty you are, your temperature, sleep, the time of day, your emotions, your sex drive, and the hormones in your body.
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9. Body temperature is regulated by
(a) thalamus
(b) hypothalamus
(c) cerebellum
(d) medulla
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019, 64th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (b) hypothalamus
- The typical temperature of a human body is 98.6º F.
- The hypothalamus is in charge of body temperature and other things like hunger, parenting, attachment, thirst, tiredness, sleep, and the body’s internal clock.
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10. The temperature of the human body
(a) Decreases in winters
(b) Increases in summers
(c) Neither decreases in winters nor increases in summers
(d) Increases in winters
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2015]
Ans. (c) Neither decreases in winters nor increases in summers
- The human body’s temperature stays the same all year round, usually at 98.6°F or 37°C.
- This is regulated by the hypothalamus in the brain, which acts like a thermostat.
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11. The temperature of a normal human body is –
(a) 98.4º F
(b) 98º F
(c) 98.8º F
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (d) None of the above
- The typical temperature of a human body is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius or 310 Kelvin).
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12. The normal temperature of the human body is –
(a) 37º C
(b) 98º C
(c) 367 K
(d) None of the above
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) 37º C
- The typical temperature of a human body is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius or 310 Kelvin).
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13. Which one of the following parts of the human brain is the regulating centre for swallowing and vomiting?
(a) Cerebellum
(b) Cerebrum
(c) Medulla oblongata
(d) Pons
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (c) Medulla oblongata
- The medulla oblongata is a small area only 3 cm long which links the upper parts of the brain to the spinal cord.
- It controls several automatic actions of the nervous system, like vomiting, coughing, sneezing and swallowing.
- These reflexes are called bulbar reflexes, and include the pharyngeal reflex, the swallowing reflex and the masseter reflex.
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