Other Parasitic Diseases Notes with PDF
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Detailed Focus on Malaria
- Causative Agent:
- Protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium.
- Most common species in India: Plasmodium vivax.
- Most severe species: Plasmodium falciparum.
- Transmission:
- Transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito.
- Classified as an insect-parasite disease.
- Primary Organ Affected:
- Spleen.
- Discovery:
- The cause (Plasmodium parasite) was discovered by Sir Ronald Ross.
- Treatment:
- Chloroquine is a drug used for treatment.
- Epidemiology:
- Spreads mostly in swampy regions, which are breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
Diseases Categorized by Pathogen Type
- Protozoan Diseases:
- Malaria: Caused by Plasmodium.
- Sleeping Sickness: Caused by Trypanosoma.
- Bacterial Diseases:
- Plague.
- Tuberculosis.
- Viral Diseases:
- AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
- Poliomyelitis (Polio).
- Fungal Diseases:
- Ringworm.
- Baldness (certain types, e.g., ringworm of the scalp).
- Diseases Caused by Nematodes (Worms):
- Filariasis.
Vectors and Modes of Transmission
- Mosquito-borne Diseases:
- Malaria, Dengue fever, and Filariasis.
- Note: Sleeping Sickness is not mosquito-borne; it is transmitted by the tsetse fly.
- Comparison of Malaria and Dengue:
- Common Factors: Both cause fever, are spread by mosquito bites, and infect humans.
- Key Difference: They are spread by different species of mosquitoes.
- Water and Sanitation-related Diseases:
- Major communicable diseases linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation include Malaria, Acute Diarrhoea, and Schistosomiasis.
Miscellaneous Fact
- A health issue that forced tennis player Leander Paes off the court in 2003 was a cyst detected in his brain.
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