1. The Green Revolution was the result of the adaptation of the new Agricultural Strategy, which was introduced in the 20th century during decades of –
(a) Fifties
(b) Seventies
(c) Sixties
(d) Eighties
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Sixties
- The Green Revolution began in the 1960s and lasted until 1981.
- In the first phase, it included the states of Haryana, Punjab, and Western Uttar Pradesh.
- This was followed by the second phase from 1981 to 1995, and finally, the third phase which was initiated in 1995 involved all states in India.
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2. The term ‘Evergreen Revolution’ has been used for increasing agricultural production in India by –
(a) Norman Barlogue
(b) M.S. Swaminathan
(c) Raj Krishna
(d) R.K. V. Rao
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) M.S. Swaminathan
- Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, known as the Father of India’s Green Revolution, came up with the term ‘Evergreen Revolution’ to refer to increasing agricultural production in India without causing any ecological damage.
- He had certain ideas to help bring about a second Green Revolution which are :
- Using organic fertilizers such as bio-fertilizers and compost in addition to chemical fertilizers.
- Developing land to collect rainwater in order to get things like factories.
- Focusing on areas of farming that are economically beneficial and agreements between farmers and buyers.
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3. Norman Ernest Borlaug who is regarded as the father of the Green Revolution is from which country?
(a) United States of America
(b) Mexico
(c) Australia
(d) New Zealand
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) United States of America
- Norman Ernest Borlaug was born on March 25, 1914 in Cresco, Iowa.
- Later, he took on a job doing agricultural research in Mexico where he created new wheat that was both disease-resistant and high yielding.
- In the middle of the twentieth century, Borlaug helped bring these new wheat varieties and improved agricultural methods to Mexico, Pakistan and India.
- For his work, he was presented with the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Congressional Gold Medal, and India’s second highest civilian honor.
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4. Norman Borlaug was given the Nobel Prize in which field?
(a) Agriculture
(b) Economics
(c) Medicine
(d) Peace
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (d) Peace
- Norman Ernest Borlaug was born on March 25th, 1914 in Cresco, Iowa, U.S.
- He took a job researching agriculture in Mexico, where he created wheat that was resistant to disease and yielded high amounts of grain.
- During the mid-1900s, Borlaug brought the wheat and modern farming techniques to Mexico, Pakistan and India.
- He was honored with the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Congressional Gold Medal and India’s second highest civilian honor, the Padma Vibhushan, in 2006.
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5. The ‘Father of Green Revolution’ in the world is
(a) Norman E. Borlaug
(b) M. S. Swaminathan
(c) G. S. Khush
(d) B. P. Pal
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) Norman E. Borlaug
- Norman Ernest Borlaug was born on March 25, 1914 in Cresco, Iowa, U.S. and eventually became a researcher in Mexico, where he discovered new types of wheat that were both disease-resistant and high-yielding.
- During the mid-20th century, Borlaug used these new varieties of wheat along with modern agricultural techniques in Mexico, Pakistan, and India.
- For his work, he was given several awards, including the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Congressional Gold Medal.
- In 2006, he was given the Padma Vibhushan, the second highest award given to civilians in India.
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6. Who among the following was closely associated with the Green Revolution?
(a) Dr. Swaminathan
(b) Kr. Kurien
(c) C. Subramaniam
(d) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999, Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (a) Dr. Swaminathan
- Dr. M.S. Swaminathan is known as the founder of India’s Green Revolution.
- He was responsible for introducing and improving wheat varieties in India, making it a successful movement.
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7. Green revolution means –
(a) Use of green manure
(b) Grow more crops
(c) High-yield variety program
(d) Green vegetation
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 1999]
Ans. (c) High-yield variety program
- The Green Revolution in India started in 1966-67, and involved the use of seeds that are more productive, changes to farming equipment, and large amounts of fertilizer.
- The Rockefeller Foundation in the US helped India begin this program.
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8. Which one of the following most appropriately describes the nature of the Green Revolution of the late sixties of the 20th century?
(a) Intensive cultivation of green vegetable
(b) Intensive agriculture district program
(c) High-yielding varieties program
(d) Seed-Fertilizer-Water technology
[64th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (d) Seed-Fertilizer-Water technology
- The Green Revolution in India began in 1966-67 and was made possible with the help of the American Rockefeller Foundation.
- This revolution involved the use of new, higher-yielding varieties of seeds, modernized farming equipment, and increased use of chemical fertilizers.
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9. The Green Revolution is related to
(a) Millet production
(b) Pulse production
(c) Wheat production
(d) Oilseed production
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Wheat production
- In 1966-67, India began the Green Revolution which caused a huge rise in food grain production.
- This was due to new types of wheat plants that produced 2.5 times more than before.
- Dr. Norman Borlaug from America and M.S. Swaminathan from India were given credit for this success.
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10. Which one of the following crops is the highest beneficiary of the Green Revolution in both production and productivity:
(a) Jawar
(b) Maize
(c) Rice
(d) Wheat
[U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 1994, U.P.P.C.S.(Pre) 2001]
Ans. (d) Wheat
- The Green Revolution had a major effect on wheat production and productivity.
- Before the Green Revolution, wheat production was only 12.3 million tonnes, but in 2000-01 it increased to 69.68 million tonnes.
- By 2020-21, it had risen to 109.5 million tonnes.
- This was possible because of the improved yield per hectare.
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11. The impact of the Green Revolution was felt most in the production of
(a) Oilseed
(b) Wheat
(c) Sugarcane
(d) Pulses
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]
Ans. (b) Wheat
- Before the Green Revolution, wheat production was 12.3 million tonnes, but with the Green Revolution, it increased to 69.68 million tonnes in 2000-01 and reached 109.5 million tonnes in 2020-21.
- This was made possible by an increase in the yield per hectare.
- Wheat was the biggest beneficiary of the Green Revolution in terms of both production and productivity, with rice being the next biggest beneficiary.
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12. After Independence India progressed maximum-
(a) In the production of Rice
(b) In the production of Pulses
(c) In the production of Jute
(d) In the production of Wheat
[40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (d) In the production of Wheat
- After India became independent, wheat production increased a lot.
- This increase was due to the Green Revolution that happened in 1966-67.
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13. Which was the main crop used in the Green Revolution?
(a) Japonica rice
(b) Indian rice
(c) Amer wheat
(d) Mexican wheat
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (d) Mexican wheat
- In the 1970s, the introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds, combined with more chemical fertilizers and irrigation, was called the Green Revolution in India.
- This is largely credited to Norman Borlaug globally and M.S. Swaminathan in India.
- The primary crop used in the Green Revolution was Mexican Wheat, which was given from Borlaug’s International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center located in Mexico.
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14. As a result of the Green Revolution’ the yield per hectare of wheat touched the record figure of :
(a) 1500 kg
(b) 2000 kg
(c) 2222 kg
(d) 3000 kg
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]
Ans. (b) 2000 kg
- The Green Revolution caused the amount of wheat produced per hectare to triple, reaching a record of 2000 Kg.
- In 2020-21, the estimated yield of wheat crops was even higher at 3464 kg/hectare.
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15. What is true about the second green revolution in India?
1. It aims at further increasing the production of wheat and rice in areas already benefited from the green revolution.
2. It aims at extending seed-water-fertilizer technology to areas which hitherto could not benefit from green revolution.
3. It aims at increasing yields of crops other than those used for the green revolution in the beginning.
4. It aims at integrating cropping with animal husbandry, social forestry and fishing
Select the correct answer from the code given below :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 1 and 4
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (c) 2 and 4
- The Second Green Revolution in India is aiming to provide seeds, water, fertilizer, and technology to places that didn’t benefit from the first Green Revolution.
- It also integrates farming with raising animals, planting trees, and fishing.
- It does not try to produce crops other than what was used in the original Green Revolution.
- Therefore, statements II and IV are correct.
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16. Select the component of the Green Revolution by using the given code :
1. High-yielding varieties of seeds
2. Irrigation
3. Rural Electrification
4. Rural roads and marketing
Code :
(a) Only (1) and (2)
(b) Only (1),(2) and (3)
(c) Only (1),(2) and (4)
(d) All four
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (d) All four
- In 1965, the Green Revolution made it possible for the country to become self-sufficient in food grains.
- This was done by introducing high-yielding varieties of seeds (hybrid seeds), using more chemical fertilizers, irrigating, providing electricity in rural areas, and connecting farms to markets with roads.
- All of these factors were key components of the Green Revolution.
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17. Assertion (A): Green Revolution has resulted in the growth of food grain production in India.
Reason (R): Regional disparities have been aggravated due the green revolution in India.
Code :
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(b) (A) is false, and (R) is true.
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(d) (A) is true, and (R) is false.
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- The Green Revolution in India was a time when farming was improved, resulting in more food production.
- New methods, like better seeds, plant breeding, and irrigation, were used to get better yields.
- This is true (A).
- However, not all areas had access to enough water, so not all places got the same benefits.
- This means (R) is true, but it doesn’t explain (A) correctly.
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18. Rainbow Revolution is related to –
(a) Green-revolution
(b) White-revolution
(c) Blue-revolution
(d) All the above
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (d) All the above
- In 2000, the Central government announced a new National Agricultural Policy that introduced the Rainbow Revolution.
- This is a combined effort to improve crop cultivation, horticulture, forestry, fisheries, poultry, animal husbandry, and food processing industry.
- The different colours of the rainbow signify different types of farming, such as the Green Revolution (Food Grains), White Revolution (Milk), Yellow Revolution (Oilseeds), Blue Revolution (Fisheries), Red Revolution (Tomatoes), Golden Revolution (Fruits), and Grey Revolution (Fertilizers).
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19. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
List – I List – II
A. Growth in Food Production 1. Green Revolution
B. Milk Production 2. Blue Revolution
C. Fisheries 3. White Revolution
D. Fertilizers 4. Grey Revolution
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 3 2 4
(b) 3 1 4 2
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 3 2 4 1
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (a) 1 3 2 4
- The correct match between list-I and list-II is as follows:
| List – I |
List – II |
| Growth in Food Production |
Green Revolution |
| Milk Production |
White Revolution |
| Fisheries |
Blue Revolution |
| Fertilizers |
Grey Revolution |
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20. The Pink Revolution is associated with –
(a) Cotton
(b) Garlic
(c) Grapes
(d) Onion
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (d) Onion
- Pink Revolution is associated with Onion.
- Other important Revolutions are as follows –
- Black Revolution – Petroleum.
- Red Revolution – Tomato and Meat
- Blue Revolution – Fisheries
- Yellow Revolution – Oilseed
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21. The Black Revolution is related to the
(a) Fish production
(b) Coal production
(c) Crude oil production
(d) Mustard production
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[60th 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) Crude oil production
- Black revolution is related to Crude Oil Production.
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22. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
Revolution Related to
(a) Golden Horticulture
(b) White Milk
(c) Blue Poultry
(d) Green Agriculture
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (c) Blue – Poultry
- The Blue Revolution is when aquaculture (breeding of aquatic animals, plants and fish) came about.
- It has nothing to do with poultry, so that option is wrong.
- All of the other options are correct.
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23. The ‘Blue Revolution’ is associated with
(a) Agriculture
(b) Iron and Steel Industry
(c) Irrigation
(d) Fishing
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl) (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (d) Fishing
- The Blue Revolution is about the big development of fish farming.
- Fish farming is when you breed and raise aquatic animals, plants, and fishes.
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24. Among the following, which one is related to the Blue Revolution in India?
(a) Floriculture
(b) Sericulture
(c) Pisciculture
(d) Horticulture
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2016, M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) Pisciculture
- The Blue Revolution in India refers to raising fish for business purposes.
- It involves breeding, rearing, and moving fish around using human methods.
- India’s Blue Revolution was about producing more fish.
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25. “Blue Revolution” is related to the following
(a) Food grain production
(b) Oil seed production
(c) Fish production
(d) Milk production
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2016]
Ans. (c) Fish production
- India’s Blue Revolution is about growing fish for business.
- This is called Pisciculture and it involves breeding, raising, and moving fish artificially.
- The goal of this revolution was to increase fish production.
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26. Zero Till Seed cum-Fertilizer Drill was developed at
(a) P.A.U. Ludhiana
(b) G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
(c) IISR, Lucknow
(d) IARI, New Delhi
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl) (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
- G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pant Nagar created a machine called “Zero Till Seed cum-Fertilizer Drill”.
- With this machine, farmers can sow crops right after a paddy harvest without having to prepare the soil first.
- This saves diesel, time, labor and it can even lead to higher yields.
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27. Which one of the following is not correctly matched with regard to the revolution in agriculture?
(a) White: Milk
(b) Green: Food grains
(c) Golden: Horticulture
(d) Blue: Poultry
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) Blue: Poultry
- The Blue Revolution has to do with fish, not chickens, so option (d) is not the right answer.
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28. Which one of the following is not a commercial crop?
(a) Sugarcane
(b) Cotton
(c) Banana
(d) Bajra
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (d) Bajra
- Millet is not a crop that is grown for business purposes, unlike sugarcane, cotton, and banana which are considered commercial crops.
- It is important to note that different states have different levels of commercialization in agriculture.
- For example, in Haryana and Punjab, rice is grown for business, but in Odisha, it is grown for personal use.
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