UPSC Ecology & Environment Test 6 (Old Year Questions)
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UPSC Ecology & Environment Test 6
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20 questions based on Ecology & Enviornment.
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Question 1 of 20
1. Question
1 pointsWith reference to “fly ash” produced by the power plants using coal as fuel, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- Fly ash can be used in the production of bricks for building construction.
- Fly ash can be used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement contents of concrete.
- Fly ash is made up of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide only, and does not contain any toxic elements.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Correct
Ans a
Fly ash is used in the manufacture of building materials and in construction activity, like replacement of cement in concrete. It contains trace levels of toxic elements (like e.g. arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium, thallium, selenium, molybdenum and mercury)Incorrect
Ans a
Fly ash is used in the manufacture of building materials and in construction activity, like replacement of cement in concrete. It contains trace levels of toxic elements (like e.g. arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium, thallium, selenium, molybdenum and mercury) -
Question 2 of 20
2. Question
1 pointsWith reference to “dugong”, a mammal found in India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- It is a herbivorous marine animal.
- It is found along the entire coast of India.
- It is given legal protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Correct
Ans c
Feeding on sea grass, dugongs are found in sea grass beds, sheltered waters, lagoons and bays. Fourteen sea grass species are found in the marine waters in the country of which 13 are found in the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay areas. Dugongs had been brought under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, the punishment for its poaching is imprisonment.Incorrect
Ans c
Feeding on sea grass, dugongs are found in sea grass beds, sheltered waters, lagoons and bays. Fourteen sea grass species are found in the marine waters in the country of which 13 are found in the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay areas. Dugongs had been brought under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, the punishment for its poaching is imprisonment. -
Question 3 of 20
3. Question
1 pointsWhich one of the following is the national aquatic animal of India?
Correct
Ans c
Incorrect
Ans c
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Question 4 of 20
4. Question
1 pointsWhich one of the following is associated with the issue of control and phasing out of the use of ozone-depleting substances?
Correct
Ans b
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion.Incorrect
Ans b
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. -
Question 5 of 20
5. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following statements regarding “Green Climate Fund” is/are correct ?
1. It is intended to assist the developing countries in adaptation and mitigation practices to counter climate change.
2. It is founded under the aegis of UNEP, OECD, Asian Development Bank and World Bank.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Correct
Ans a
The Fund is governed by the GCF Board. GCF is currently structured into two themes-mitigation and adaptation. GCF is a fund within the framework of UNFCCC.Incorrect
Ans a
The Fund is governed by the GCF Board. GCF is currently structured into two themes-mitigation and adaptation. GCF is a fund within the framework of UNFCCC. -
Question 6 of 20
6. Question
1 pointsWhich one of the following National Parks has a climate that varies from tropical to subtropical, temperate and arctic?
Correct
Ans d
Incorrect
Ans d
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Question 7 of 20
7. Question
1 pointsBioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes” is managed by the
Correct
Ans d
It is an initiative by the World Bank.Incorrect
Ans d
It is an initiative by the World Bank. -
Question 8 of 20
8. Question
1 pointsThe Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is constituted under the
Correct
Ans c
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) is the apex body constituted in the Ministry of Environment and Forests under ‘Rules for Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells 1989’, under the Environment Protection Act, 1986.Incorrect
Ans c
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) is the apex body constituted in the Ministry of Environment and Forests under ‘Rules for Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells 1989’, under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. -
Question 9 of 20
9. Question
1 pointsWith reference to “Forest Carbon Partnership Facility”, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- It is a global partnership of governments, businesses, civil society and indigenous peoples.
- It provides financial aid to universities, individual scientists and institutions involved in scientific forestry research to develop eco-friendly and
- climate adaptation technologies for sustainable forest management.
- It assists the countries in their “REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation +)” efforts by providing them with financial and technical assistance.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Correct
Ans c
The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility is a global partnership of governments, businesses, civil society, and Indigenous Peoples focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, forest carbon stock conservation, the sustainable management of forests, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries.The four strategic objectives of the FCPF:
To assist countries in their REDD+ efforts by providing them with financial and technical assistance in building their capacity to benefit from possible future systems of positive incentives for REDD+.
To pilot a performance-based payment system for REDD+ activities, with a view to ensuring equitable benefit sharing and promoting future large-scale positive incentives for REDD+.
Within the approach to REDD+, to test ways to sustain or enhance livelihoods of local communities and to conserve biodiversity.
To disseminate broadly the knowledge gained in the development of the Facility and the implementation of Readiness Preparation Proposals (RPPs) and Emission Reductions Programs (ERPs).
FCPF grants fund to developing countries but not to to universities, individual scientists and institutions.Incorrect
Ans c
The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility is a global partnership of governments, businesses, civil society, and Indigenous Peoples focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, forest carbon stock conservation, the sustainable management of forests, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries.The four strategic objectives of the FCPF:
To assist countries in their REDD+ efforts by providing them with financial and technical assistance in building their capacity to benefit from possible future systems of positive incentives for REDD+.
To pilot a performance-based payment system for REDD+ activities, with a view to ensuring equitable benefit sharing and promoting future large-scale positive incentives for REDD+.
Within the approach to REDD+, to test ways to sustain or enhance livelihoods of local communities and to conserve biodiversity.
To disseminate broadly the knowledge gained in the development of the Facility and the implementation of Readiness Preparation Proposals (RPPs) and Emission Reductions Programs (ERPs).
FCPF grants fund to developing countries but not to to universities, individual scientists and institutions. -
Question 10 of 20
10. Question
1 pointsWith reference to an organization known as “BirdLife International”, which of the following statements is/are correct?
- It is a Global Partnership of Conservation Organizations.
- The concept of “biodiversity hotspots” originated from this organization.
- It identifies the sites known/referred to as “Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas”.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Correct
Ans c
The British biologist Norman Myers coined the term “biodiversity hotspot” in 1988.Incorrect
Ans c
The British biologist Norman Myers coined the term “biodiversity hotspot” in 1988. -
Question 11 of 20
11. Question
1 pointsWhich one of the following is the best description of the term “ecosystem”?
Correct
Ans c
An ecosystem includes all of the living things (plants, animals and organisms) in a given area, interacting with each other, and also with their non-living environments (weather, earth, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere).Incorrect
Ans c
An ecosystem includes all of the living things (plants, animals and organisms) in a given area, interacting with each other, and also with their non-living environments (weather, earth, sun, soil, climate, atmosphere). -
Question 12 of 20
12. Question
1 pointsWith reference to bio-toilets used by the Indian Railways, consider the following statements:
- The decomposition of human waste in the bio-toilets is initiated by a fungal inoculum.
- Ammonia and water vapour are the only end products in this decomposition which are released into the atmosphere.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Ans d
Statement 1 is incorrect as it is Anaerobic microbial inoculum.
Statement 2 is incorrect as Bio Digester disposes human waste in 100% eco-friendly manner and generates color less, odorless water and inflammable Methane- Gas for cooking, water heating & room heating etc. as a by product.Incorrect
Ans d
Statement 1 is incorrect as it is Anaerobic microbial inoculum.
Statement 2 is incorrect as Bio Digester disposes human waste in 100% eco-friendly manner and generates color less, odorless water and inflammable Methane- Gas for cooking, water heating & room heating etc. as a by product. -
Question 13 of 20
13. Question
1 pointsWhich one of the following best describes the main objective of “Seed Village Concept”?
Correct
Ans b
Foundation class of seed from authentic sources will be supplied to the identified farmers and they will be empowered to take up multiplication of seed under seed Village Programme. The seed so produced will meet the requirement of farmers of the mandal /district. This Programme ensures supply of quality certified seed of high yielding varieties to the farmers in time at their places at affordable prices besides ensuring quick multiplication of new seed varieties in a shorter time in that mandal/district based on the crop situation.Incorrect
Ans b
Foundation class of seed from authentic sources will be supplied to the identified farmers and they will be empowered to take up multiplication of seed under seed Village Programme. The seed so produced will meet the requirement of farmers of the mandal /district. This Programme ensures supply of quality certified seed of high yielding varieties to the farmers in time at their places at affordable prices besides ensuring quick multiplication of new seed varieties in a shorter time in that mandal/district based on the crop situation. -
Question 14 of 20
14. Question
1 pointsOther than poaching, what are the possible reasons for the decline in the population of Gangas River Dolphins?
1. Construction of dams and barrages on rivers.
2. Increase in the population of crocodiles in rivers.
3. Getting trapped in fishing nets accidentally.
4. Use of synthetic fertilizers and other agricultural chemicals in crop-fields in the vicinity of rivers.
Select the correct answer using the code given below
Correct
Ans c
Crocodile population has nothing to do with the decline in population of dolphins. It is human activities that are mainly responsible.Incorrect
Ans c
Crocodile population has nothing to do with the decline in population of dolphins. It is human activities that are mainly responsible. -
Question 15 of 20
15. Question
1 pointsBrominated flame retardants are used in many household products like mattresses and upholstery. Why is there some concern about their use?
1. They are highly resistant to degradation in the environment.
2. They are able to accumulate in humans and animals.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Correct
Ans c
Incorrect
Ans c
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Question 16 of 20
16. Question
1 pointsConsider the following:
1. Bats
2. Bears
3. Rodents
The phenomenon of hibernation can be observed in which of the above kinds of animals ?
Correct
Ans c
Incorrect
Ans c
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Question 17 of 20
17. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following phenomena might have influenced the evolution of organisms?
1. Continental drift
2. Glacial cycles
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Correct
Ans a
Incorrect
Ans a
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Question 18 of 20
18. Question
1 pointsLichens, which are capable of initiating ecolological succession even on a bare rock, are actually a symbiotic association of
Correct
Ans b
Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and photosynthesising algae or cyanobacteria.Incorrect
Ans b
Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between a fungus and photosynthesising algae or cyanobacteria. -
Question 19 of 20
19. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following best describes the term ‘import cover’, sometimes seen in the news?
Correct
Ans d
Import cover is an important indicator of the stability of the currency. It measures the number of months of money available in the national bank to cover the cost of imports or the stock of foreign exchange reserves in terms of months of retained imports of goods as at end of year. During the currency crisis of 2013, when foreign exchange reserves fell to around $275 billion, import cover dipped to around seven months.Incorrect
Ans d
Import cover is an important indicator of the stability of the currency. It measures the number of months of money available in the national bank to cover the cost of imports or the stock of foreign exchange reserves in terms of months of retained imports of goods as at end of year. During the currency crisis of 2013, when foreign exchange reserves fell to around $275 billion, import cover dipped to around seven months. -
Question 20 of 20
20. Question
1 pointsThree of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats-Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity:
- Species richness
- Vegetation density
- Endemism
- Ethno-botanical importance
- Threat perception
- Adaptation of flora and fauna to warm and humid conditions
Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context?
Correct
Ans c
Incorrect
Ans c