1. The first Trade Union was founded in India in the year 1918 by
(a) N.M. Joshi
(b) B.P. Wadia
(c) V.V. Giri
(d) S.A. Dange
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (b) B.P. Wadia
- B.P. Wadia started the Labour Union in 1918. It was India’s first modern trade union.
- Most of its members were from the Buckingham and Carnatic Mills, who worked in textiles.
- After that, two unions were set up in Bombay, one in Calcutta (the Indian Seamen’s Union) and four in Madras.
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2. Who of the following was sent as a representative of labourers by the Indian Government to the Washington Summit of I.L.O. in the year 1919?
(a) V.P. Wadia
(b) N.M. Joshi
(c) C.F. Andrews
(d) Joseph Baptista
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (b) N.M. Joshi
- In 1919, the International Labour Organisation (ILO) was created.
- At the first International Labour Summit in Washington, USA, N.M. Joshi was chosen to represent the workers and B.P.
- Wadia was chosen to act as an advisor.
- The UPPSC has selected the incorrect answer as the correct one.
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3. Who of the following founded the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) N.M. Joshi
(d) J.B. Kriplani
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (a) Mahatma Gandhi
- Mahatma Gandhi started the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association in 1918.
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4. Who among the following was the first leader to organize a labour movement in India?
(a) B.P. Walia
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) N.M. Lokhande
(d) N.G. Ranga
[M.P.P.C.S (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) N.M. Lokhande
- Narayan Meghaji Lokhande (1848-1897) was the first person to start the labour movement in India.
- He is known for making the lives of textile mill workers better in the 1800s, as well as for his brave actions on caste and religious issues.
- In 2005, the Indian government released a postage stamp featuring his picture.
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5. Who was the first President of the All India Trade Union Congress?
(a) B.T. Ranade
(b) Satya Bhakta
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) N.M. Joshi
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997, 42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
- The All India Trade Union Congress was established in Bombay on October 31, 1920 by N. M. Joshi, with Lala Lajpat Rai as its first President, Joseph Baptista as Vice President and Diwan Chaman Lal Bajaj as General Secretary.
- This Organisation was created with the aim of forming the International Labour Union in 1919.
- It had its first split in 1929 at the Nagpur Session, with Jawaharlal Nehru as President.
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6. Who presided over the inaugural session of the ‘All India Trade Union Congress held in 1920?
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal
(d) Surendra Nath Banerjee
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (a) Lala Lajpat Rai
- N.M. Joshi started the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) in Bombay on October 31, 1920.
- Lala Lajpat Rai was the first President, Joseph Baptista was Vice President, and Diwan Chaman Lal Bajaj was General Secretary.
- This organization was created in response to the International Labour Union being formed in 1919.
- The first major change happened in 1929 during the Nagpur Session, with Jawaharlal Nehru as President.
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7. When was the All India Trade Union Congress established in Bombay?
(a) 1920
(b) 1925
(c) 1929
(d) 1935
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (a) 1920
- The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was set up in Bombay on October 31, 1920, by N. M. Joshi with Lala Lajpat Rai as the initial President, Joseph Baptista as Vice President and Diwan Chaman Lal Bajaj as General Secretary.
- Its creation was motivated by the International Labour Union being established in 1919.
- The first division of this Organisation happened at the Nagpur Session in 1929.
- Jawaharlal Nehru was the President during the split.
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8. The first session of the All India Trade Union Congress held at Bombay in 1920 was presided over by :
(a) Ferozshah Mehta
(b) V.V. Giri
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) N.M. Joshi
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
- N.M. Joshi founded the All India Trade Union Congress in Bombay on October 31, 1920, with Lala Lajpat Rai as its first President, Joseph Baptista as Vice President and Diwan Chaman Lal Bajaj as General Secretary.
- This was done in response to the International Labour Union being established in 1919.
- Jawaharlal Nehru was President when the organisation was split in its Nagpur Session in 1929.
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9. Who among the following had presided over the All India Trade Union Congress held at Nagpur in 1929?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Acharya Narendra Dev
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) Yusuf Meherally
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
- In 1929, Jawaharlal Nehru led the All India Trade Union Congress in Nagpur.
- This session showed a contest between the left and right wings.
- The right wing, led by N. M. Joshi, V. V. Giri and B. Shiva Rao, created their own organization called the Indian Trade Union Federation.
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10. The Trade Disputes Act of 1929 provided for
(a) the participation of workers in the management of industries.
(b) arbitrary powers to the management to quell industrial disputes.
(c) an intervention by the British Court in the event of a trade dispute
(d) a system of tribunals and a ban on strikes
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (d) a system of tribunals and a ban on strikes
- The Trade Disputes Act of 1929 was put in place to create courts to look into and try to resolve any trade disagreements.
- This act made it so that striking was not allowed in services like trains, mail, telegraphs, and phones.
- It also made any strike or lockout illegal.
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11. Who was the first Indian to be a member of Communist International?
(a) M.N. Roy
(b) Muzaffar Ahmad
(c) S.S. Dange
(d) None of the above
[40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (a) M.N. Roy
- In 1919, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and the Russian Party (Bolshevik) created the Communist International.
- M.N. Roy was invited to Moscow by Lenin and became part of the Communist International, making him the first Indian to do so.
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12. In October 1920, who of the following headed a group of Indians gathered at Tashkent to set up a Communist Party of India?
(a) H.K. Sarkar
(b) P.C. Joshi
(c) M.C. Chagla
(d) M.N. Roy
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) M.N. Roy
- On October 17th, 1920, M.N. Roy, Avani Mukherjee, Mohd.
- Ali, and Mohd. Shafique started the Indian Communist Party in Tashkent. Therefore option (d) would be correct
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13. Kanpur conspiracy case was against the leaders of :
(a) Khilafat Movement
(b) Non-cooperation Movement
(c) Communist Movement
(d) Revolutionary Movement
[U.P. P.S.C. (GIC) 2010, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Communist Movement
- The British Government strongly disliked the Communists in the Kanpur Conspiracy Case of 1924.
- M. N. Roy, Muzaffar Ahamed, Shripad Amrit Dange, Shaukat Usmani, Ramcharan Lal Sharma, Singaravelu Chettiar, and Ghulam Shaukat Hussain were all arrested and accused of planning to separate India from Britain by using violence.
- The Meerut Conspiracy and Peshawar Conspiracy Cases also involved Communists.
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14. The Revolutionary phase of the trade union movement in India was :
(a) 1939-45
(b) 1926-39
(c) 1918-26
(d) 1914-18
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) 1926-39
- The Trade Union Movement in India went through a major change from 1926 to 1939.
- During this time, people like M.N. Roy, Muzaffar Ahmad, Shripad Amrit Dange, and Shaukat Usmani were some of the major people
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15. Who formed the Radical Democratic Party in 1940?
(a) Indrasen
(b) M.N. Roy
(c) Somendranath Tagore
(d) Shachindranath Sanyal
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (b) M.N. Roy
- M. N. Roy started the Radical Democratic Party in 1940.
- Shachindranath Sanyal wrote an amazing work called ‘Bandi Jeevan’.
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16. What is the name of the party founded by Saumyendra Nath Tagore?
(a) Indian Bolshevik Party
(b) Revolutionary Communist Party
(c) Bolshevik Leninist Party
(d) Radical Democratic Party
[U.P.P.C.S. (Re. Exam) (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (b) Revolutionary Communist Party
- The Revolutionary Communist Party of India (RCPI) was created in 1934 by Saumyandranath Tagore, who split from the Communist Party of India (CPI).
- It is a political party in India.
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