1. The Indian National Congress was established by
(a) A.O. Hume
(b) Surendra Nath Banerji
(c) W.C. Banerji
(d) Anne Besant
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (a) A.O. Hume
- A.O. Hume was an ex-British officer who had worked in the Indian Civil Service.
- In 1884, he started the Indian National Union.
- He had gone to Kolkata, Mumbai, and Madras and wanted the first Indian National Union to meet in Poona.
- The goal was to get educated Indians more involved in the Government and allow them to discuss civil and political issues.
- Unfortunately, due to a Cholera outbreak, the first session was moved to the Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit Vidyalaya in Bombay.
- This took place on 28 December 1885.
- Dadabhai Naroji suggested that the organization be renamed the ‘Indian National Congress’.
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2. The precursor of the Indian National Congress was :
(a) British Indian Association
(b) Indian Association
(c) Indian National Union
(d) Indian League
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) Indian National Union
- In 1884, the Indian National Union was created.
- Its first meeting was on December 28, 1885.
- This gathering was later referred to as the Indian National Congress.
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3. Who was the founder of the Indian National Congress?
(a) William Adam
(b) A. O. Hume
(c) Rash Behari Bose
(d) Motilal Nehru
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) A. O. Hume
- In 1884, the Indian National Union was created.
- Its inaugural meeting was held on December 28, 1885.
- This group later became known as the Indian National Congress.
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4. The founder of the Indian National Congress was a :
(a) Civil Servant
(b) Scientist
(c) Social Worker
(d) commander
[43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) Civil Servant
- The Indian National Union was created in 1884 and held its first meeting on December 28, 1885.
- This gathering was later changed to the Indian National Congress.
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5. When was Indian National Congress set up?
(a) in 1885
(b) in 1886
(c) in 1887
(d) in 1888
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006, Jharkhand P.C.S (Pre) 2003, 43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) in 1885
- The Indian National Congress was started in 1885 by A.O. Hume, a former employee.
- The very first meeting was held on 28 December 1885 at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College with 72 representatives.
- Hume was the General Secretary and Womesh Chandra Bannerjee was chosen as the president.
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6. How many representatives took part in the First Session of the Indian National Congress?
(a) 52
(b) 62
(c) 72
(d) 82
[53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (c) 72
- A.O. Hume, a retired civilian officer, started the Indian National Congress in 1885.
- The first meeting of the Congress was held in Bombay on December 28th at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College.
- There were 72 people present at the meeting, and Hume was chosen as the General Secretary while Womesh Chandra Bannerjee was selected as the president.
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7. How many Muslim delegates participated in the Second Convention of the Indian National Congress?
(a) 2
(b) 33
(c) 30
(d) 41
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. Re-Exam (Pre) 2020]
Ans (b) 33
- In 1886, Dadabhai Naoroji chaired the second Congress meeting which took place in Calcutta.
- 33 Muslim representatives attended this gathering.
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8. The first conference of the Indian National Congress was held at–
(a) Kolkata
(b) Lahore
(c) Mumbai
(d) Pune
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2008, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007, Uttrakhand U.D.A./LDA (Mains) 2007, 42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (c) Mumbai
- In 1886, Dadabhai Naoroji presided over the second meeting of Congress in Calcutta.
- 33 Muslims were present at this gathering.
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9. Who was the first President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) A.O. Hume
(b) W.C. Banerjee
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
(d) None of these
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (b) W.C. Banerjee
- In 1886, Dadabhai Naoroji presided over the second session of Congress in Calcutta.
- 33 Muslims were in attendance.
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10. Who among the following presided over the first annual meeting of the Indian National Congress?
(a) A.O. Hume
(b) Dadabhai Nauroji
(c) S.N. Banerjee
(d) W.C. Banerjee
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (d) W.C. Banerjee
- In 1886, Dadabhai Naoroji chaired the second session of Congress in Calcutta.
- This session was attended by 33 Muslim delegates.
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11. The President of the Indian National Congress in 1885 was –
(a) George Yule
(b) Dadabhai Nauroji
(c) W.C. Bannerji
(d) W. Wedderburn
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (c) W.C. Bannerji
- In 1886, Dadabhai Naoroji was the president of Congress’ second session in Calcutta.
- 33 Muslim representatives attended this meeting.
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12. The first President of the Indian National Congress was
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) Surendra Nath Bannerji
(c) Womesh Chandra Bannerjee
(d) A. O. Hume
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Womesh Chandra Bannerjee
- The second gathering of Congress happened in Calcutta in 1886, led by Dadabhai Naoroji.
- 33 Muslim representatives were in attendance.
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13. Who among the following was the first President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) A. O. Hume
(b) S. N. Banerjee
(c) W. C. Banerjee
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (c) W. C. Banerjee
- The second meeting of Congress happened in Calcutta in 1886 with Dadabhai Naoroji in charge.
- 33 Muslim delegates were there.
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14. The General Secretary of the Indian National Congress in the year 1885 was :
(a) A.O. Hume
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) W.C. Banerjee
(d) Firoz Shah Mehta
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl) (Pre) 2010]
Ans.(a) A.O. Hume
- In 1885, A.O. Hume was the leader of the Indian National Congress and was responsible for setting it up.
- W.C. Banerjee was the first leader of the Indian National Congress.
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15. The Indian National Congress was established during the viceroyalty of:
(a) Lord Ripon
(b) Lord Lytton
(c) Lord Elgin II
(d) Lord Dufferin
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Lord Dufferin
- The Indian National Congress was created under the rule of Lord Dufferin, who was Viceroy from 1884 to 1888.
- He made fun of Congress, claiming it only represented a small part of the population.
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16. Who was the Governor-General when the Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 ?
(a) Lord Linlithgo
(b) Lord Wellesley
(c) Lord Dufferin
(d) Lord Salisbury
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (c) Lord Dufferin
- The Indian National Congress was created while Lord Dufferin was the Viceroy (1884-1888).
- He made fun of the Congress for only representing a small part of the population.
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17. Who had ridiculed Congress as representing only a short-sighted minority of the people?
(a) Lord Ripon
(b) Lord Dufferin
(c) Lord Curzon
(d) Lord Wellesley
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]
Ans. (b) Lord Dufferin
- The Indian National Congress was created while Lord Dufferin was the Viceroy (1884-1888).
- He made fun of Congress as only representing a small group of people.
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18. Who among the following was not present at the founding session of the Indian National Congress:
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) G. Subramaniya Iyer
(c) Justice Ranade
(d) Surendranath Bannerjee
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (d) Surendranath Bannerjee
- Surendranath Banerjee and Anand Mohan founded the Indian Association in Bengal in 1876 to motivate young people to be nationalists.
- The first All-Indian National Conference was in December 1883, and the second was in December 1885 in Calcutta and was led by Surendranath Banerjee.
- Because of this, Surendranath Banerjee was not at the founding of the Indian National Congress.
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19. The second session of the Indian National Congress was presided over by-
(a) Ganesh Agarkar
(b) Surendranath Bannerjee
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
(d) Feroz Shah Mehta
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Dadabhai Naoroji
- The second meeting of the Indian National Congress was held in Calcutta in 1886 and Dadabhai Naoroji was in charge.
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20. In 1889, a committee was set up in Britain to gain support for the Congress, amongst the following was its President –
(a) Sir W. Wadderburn
(b) Mr. Digby
(c) Dadabhai Naoroji
(d) W.C. Banerjee
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (b) Mr. Digby
- The British Committee of India was created in London in July 1889.
- It was headed by William Digby and was part of the Indian National Congress.
- Its main aim was to gain support for the Congress.
- To spread news and information about India, the committee published a weekly magazine called “India”.
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21. The first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress was:
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
(b) Rafi Ahmad Kidwai
(c) M.A. Ansari
(d) Badruddin Tyyabji
[Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (d) Badruddin Tyyabji
- Badruddin Tyabji was an influential figure in Indian politics.
- He was the first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress and was elected in 1887 at the Madras session.
- This session was held from 27th to 30th December and it was the third session where he was elected as the President.
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22. Who was the 1st Muslim President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
(b) Shaukat Ali
(c) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(d) Badruddin Tyabji
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]
Ans. (d) Badruddin Tyabji
- Badruddin Tyabji was the first Muslim leader to be chosen as President of the Indian National Congress.
- This happened at a gathering in Madras that took place from December 27th to 30th in 1887.
- He was elected as the President of this session.
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23. Consider the following statements:
1. The first woman, President of the Indian National Congress, was Sarojini Naidu.
2. The first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress was Badruddin Tyabji.
Which of the statement given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (b) 2 only
- Annie Besant was the first woman President of Indian National Congress at its 1917 Calcutta session, while Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian woman to be elected President of the INC in 1925 at Kanpur session.
- Annie Besant, of Irish origin, was an important figure in India’s freedom struggle.
- Statement 2 is also correct as Badruddin Tyabji was the first Muslim President of the INC, elected in 1887 for the third session at Madras.
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24. Who was the Second Muslim President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
(b) Zakir Hussain
(c) Rahimtulla Mahomed Sayani
(d) Badruddin Tyabji
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. Re-Exam (Pre) 2020]
Ans (c) Rahimtulla Mahomed Sayani
- Rahimtulla M. Sayani was the second Muslim president of the Indian National Congress.
- He was the president of their 1896 Calcutta session, which was the first time Rabindranath Tagore sang the song ‘Vande Mataram’.
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25. The first European to be elected as President of the Indian National Congress was
(a) A. O. Hume
(b) George Yule
(c) Alfred Webb
(d) Annie Besant
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (b) George Yule
- George Yule was the first European to become the President of the Indian National Congress.
- He was in charge of the 4th session of the INC in 1888.
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26. Who among the following was never concerned with the Indian National Congress?
(a) Firozshah Mehta
(b) Hakim Ajmal Khan
(c) Khan Abdul Ghaff ar Khan
(d) Sir Syed Ahmad
[Uttarakhand U.D.A./ L.D.A. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (d) Sir Syed Ahmad
- Sir Syed Ahmad Khan had no connection to the Indian National Congress.
- He worked in the Judicial Service during the 1857 revolt and was loyal to the British.
- He disagreed with Congress due to misunderstandings from the British.
- He created the magazine “Rajbhakt Muslima” to show his loyalty to the British and made the “United Indian Patriotic Association” with the help of Raja Shiv Prasad “Sitar-iHind”.
- He shared his opinions through the magazine “Tahjeebul-Akhlakh”.
- In 1875, he founded the Anglo-Mohammedan Oriental School in Aligarh, which taught Western subjects
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27. Who among the following was never elected as a President of the ‘Indian National Congress.’
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
(b) Annie Besant
(c) Moti Lal Nehru
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008, Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Lala Lajpat Rai, who was famously called ‘The Lion of Punjab’, led the Indian National Congress in a special meeting in Calcutta in 1920.
- He wrote the book ‘Unhappy India’.
- Annie Besant was a famous Irish nationalist and was the leader of the Theosophical Society from 1907-1933.
- She formed the ‘Home Rule League’ in 1916 and was the first female President of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
- Moti Lal Nehru was the President of the Congress in 1919 and 1928 and started the ‘Swaraj Party’ in 1923.
- Tilak, who was born into a Brahmin family in Maharashtra, wrote the newspapers ‘Kesari’ and ‘Maratha’, and created the famous slogan ‘Swaraj is my birthright’, but never became President of the Congress.
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28. Who among the trio-Lal, Bal and Pal became president of the Indian National Congress:
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal
(d) None of them
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (a) Lala Lajpat Rai
- Lala Lajpat Rai was known as The Lion of Punjab and was the leader of the Indian National Congress in a special session of Calcutta in 1920.
- He wrote a book called Unhappy India.
- Annie Besant was a prominent female leader from Ireland who started the Home Rule League in 1916 and was the first female President of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
- Moti Lal Nehru was President of the Congress in 1919 and 1928 and established the Swaraj Party in 1923.
- Tilak, who was born in a Brahmin family from Maharashtra, edited two newspapers called Kesari and Maratha and was famous for the slogan “Swaraj is my birthright”, but he was never the President of Congress.
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29. Who among the following became President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Sucheta Kriplani
(b) Aruna Asaf Ali
(c) Annie Besant
(d) Vijay Lakshmi Pandit
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2012, M.P. P.C.S (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (c) Annie Besant
- Lala Lajpat Rai was nicknamed the ‘Lion of Punjab’ and was the leader of the Indian National Congress in a 1920 session in Calcutta.
- He wrote the book ‘Unhappy India.’
- Annie Besant was a nationalist leader from Ireland.
- She was in charge of the Theosophical Society from 1907 to 1933, set up the Home Rule League in 1916, and was the first female President of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
- Moti Lal Nehru was President of the Indian National Congress in 1919 and 1928 and started the Swaraj Party in 1923.
- Tilak was born into a Brahmin family in Maharashtra.
- He edited two newspapers called ‘Kesari’ and ‘Maratha,’ and said ‘Swaraj is my birthright,’ but he was never elected President of the Congress.
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30. Who was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Kasturba Gandhi
(b) Mrs. Annie Besant
(c) Sarojini Naidu
(d) Bhakti Laxmi Desai
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) Mrs. Annie Besant
- Lala Lajpat Rai was known as ‘The Lion of Punjab’ and was the leader of the Indian National Congress at a special session in Calcutta in 1920.
- He wrote a book called ‘Unhappy India.’
- Annie Besant was a British-Irish nationalist and the leader of the Theosophical Society from 1907 to 1933.
- She founded the ‘Home Rule League’ in 1916 and was the first woman president of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
- Moti Lal Nehru was president of the Congress in 1919 and 1928 and created the ‘Swaraj Party’ in 1923.
- Tilak was from a Brahmin family in Maharashtra and was the editor of the newspapers ‘Kesari’ and ‘Maratha.’
- He popularized the phrase ‘Swaraj is my birthright’ but never became president of the Congress
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31. For which of the following sessions the Congress elected its first women President?
(a) Calcutta Session, 1917
(b) Gaya Session, 1922
(c) Allahabad Session, 1921
(d) Lucknow Session, 1916
[U.P.P.C.S. (Re. Exam) (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) Calcutta Session, 1917
- The 32nd meeting of the Indian National Congress took place in Calcutta from December 26th to 29th in 1917, where Annie Besant was chosen as the first female President of the Indian National Congress.
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32. Who was the first lady president of the Indian National Congress:
(a) N. Sen Gupta
(b) Sarojini Naidu
(c) Annie Besant
(d) Kadambini Bose
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2012, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012, U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (c) Annie Besant
- At the 32nd meeting of the Indian National Congress, held in Calcutta from December 26 to 29 in 1917, Annie Besant became the first female leader of the Indian National Congress.
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33. Who among the following was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Mrs. Sarojini Naidu
(b) Mrs. Annie Besant
(c) Mrs. N. Sengupta
(d) None of the above
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (b) Mrs. Annie Besant
- The Indian National Congress had their 32nd meeting from December 26th to the 29th of 1917 in Calcutta, where Annie Besant became the first female President of the Congress.
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34. Who was the first women president of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Smt. Sarojini Naidu
(b) Sucheta Kriplani
(c) Rajkumari Amrita Kaur
(d) Annie Besant
(e) None of these
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (d) Annie Besant
- The 32nd meeting of the Indian National Congress happened in Calcutta from December 26th to 29th in 1917.
- During this meeting, Annie Besant became the first female President of the Indian National Congress.
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35. Who was the first Indian Woman President of the Congress?
(a) Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
(b) Pandita Rama Bai
(c) Sarojini Naidu
(d) Raj Kumari Amrit Kaur
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]
Ans. (c) Sarojini Naidu
- Sarojini Naidu was a well-known poet and patriot.
- In 1925, she was the first Indian woman to be elected President of the Indian National Congress at its 40th annual session in Kanpur.
- She was a devoted and dependable partner of Gandhi, and was jailed multiple times.
- In 1947-49, she became the first Indian woman to serve as Governor of Uttar Pradesh.
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36. Who was the first Indian woman President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Mrs. Annie Besant
(b) Sucheta Kriplani
(c) Sarojini Naidu
(d) Indira Gandhi
[56th to 59th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Sarojini Naidu
- Sarojini Naidu was a well-known poet and a leader in the Indian independence movement.
- In 1925, she became the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress at their 40th annual meeting in Kanpur.
- She was a strong supporter of Gandhi, and was arrested multiple times for her involvement in the movement.
- Then, in 1947-49, she became the first Indian woman to be appointed Governor of Uttar Pradesh.
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37. Who among the following was the youngest person to become the President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Abul Kalam Azad
(c) Ananda Mohan Bose
(d) Bhupendra Nath Bose
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (b) Abul Kalam Azad
- Abul Kalam Azad was the youngest person to be elected president of the Indian National Congress at a special session of the Congress in Delhi in 1923.
- He served as president of the Indian National Congress for the longest period before independence – 6 years (1940-1946).
- Jawaharlal Nehru was president of the INC at the Lahore session in 1929.
- Additionally, Ananda Mohan Bose in 1898 (Madras) and Bhupendra Nath Bose in 1914 (Madras) were also presidents of the INC.
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38. Consider the following Statements:
1. The First Session of the Indian National Congress was held in Calcutta
2. The Second Session of the Indian National Congress was held under the presidentship of Dadabhai Naoroji
3. Both Indian National Congress and Muslim League held their sessions at Lucknow in 1916 and concluded the Lucknow Pact
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2011, I.A.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) 2 and 3
- The first meeting of the Indian National Congress was held in Bombay, not in Calcutta, which was originally planned to be in Poona.
- However, due to Cholera, it was moved to Bombay.
- This makes the first statement incorrect.
- The second session was in 1886, in Kolkata, led by Dadabhai Naoroji.
- In 1916, the Indian National Congress and Muslim League both had their meetings in Lucknow, and they signed a pact, known as the “Lucknow Pact”.
- At this meeting, extremists who had been kicked out of the Congress for nine years were allowed back in.
- Ambika Charan Mazumdar was the President of the Lucknow session.
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39. At which place was the 27th Session of the Indian National Congress held?
(a) Bhagalpur
(b) Patna
(c) Ranchi
(d) Bankipur
[53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (d) Bankipur
- In 1912, the 27th session of the Indian National Congress was held in Bankepur (Patna), with R.N. Mudholkar as the President.
- At this session, A.O.
- Hume was referred to as the founder of the Indian National Congress.
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40. In which of the following Sessions of the Indian National Congress Bal Gangadhar Tilak had expressed,” Swaraj is my birthright, I shall have it.”
(a) Banaras Session, 1905
(b) Calcutta Session, 1906
(c) Surat Session, 1907
(d) Lucknow Session, 1916
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (d) Lucknow Session, 1916
- At the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress in 1916, Tilak strongly declared that “I have a right to self-rule and I will get it”.
- The extremists rejoined the Congress at this session and the “Lucknow Pact” was achieved through Tilak and Annie Besant’s hard work.
- It is also known as the “Congress-League Agreement
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41. Who said, “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it”?
(a) Bipin Chandra Pal
(b) Aurobindo Ghosh
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- At the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress in 1916, Tilak strongly declared “I have a right to self-rule and I will get it”.
- Through the efforts of Tilak and Annie Besant, the extremists rejoined Congress and the “Lucknow Pact” was signed, also known as the “Congress-League Agreement”.
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42. “Swaraj is my birthright and I will have it.” This statement is concerned with-
(a) Lala Lajpat Roy
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005, 46th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- At the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress in 1916, Tilak strongly declared “I have the right to self-rule and I will have it”.
- Extremists returned to the Congress at this session and Tilak and Annie Besant worked together to sign the “Lucknow Pact”.
- This is also known as the “Congress-League Agreement”.
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43. Who said, “Swaraj is my birthright, I will have it”?
(a) M.K. Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Bhagat Singh
[53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- At the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress in 1916, Tilak strongly declared “I have the right to independence and I will get it”.
- Extremists rejoined Congress during this session and Tilak and Annie Besant managed to sign the “Lucknow Pact” – also known as the “Congress-League Agreement”.
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44. Who among the following said, “Swaraj is our birthright”?
(a) M.K. Gandhi
(b) G. K. Gokhale
(c) B. G. Tilak
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (c) B. G. Tilak
- At the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress in 1916, Tilak strongly declared “I have the right to self-rule, and I will get it”.
- The extremists rejoined the Congress in this session, and Tilak and Annie Besant worked together to sign the “Lucknow Pact”, also known as the “Congress-League Agreement”.
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45. Consider the following statements about the Indian National Congress:
1. Sarojini Naidu was the first woman to be the President of the Congress,
2. C.R. Das was in prison when he functioned as the President of the Congress
3. The first Britisher to become the President of the Congress was Alan Octavian Hume
4. Alfred Webb was the President of Congress in 1894.
Which of these statements is correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) 2 and 4
- Annie Besant was the first female president of the Indian National Congress at the Calcutta session in 1917.
- A.O. Hume founded the Indian National Congress but never served as president.
- Instead, he was appointed as the secretary.
- C.R. Das was the president of the 1922 Gaya session and was nominated for the 1921 Ahmedabad session, but Hakim Ajmal Khan was in charge as C.R.
- Das was in prison.
- Alfred Webb was the president of the 1894 Madras session.
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46. Who said that the “Congress Movement was neither inspired by the people nor devised or planned by them”?
(a) Lord Dufferin
(b) Sir Syed Ahmed
(c) Lord Curzon
(d) Lala Lajpat Rai
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Lala Lajpat Rai
- In an article, Lala Lajpat Roy said that the Congress movement was not driven by the people nor did they have input on how it was managed.
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47. “The Congress is faltering to its fall and one of my great ambitions while in India is to assist it to a peaceful demise.” This declaration was made by :
(a) George Hamilton
(b) Lord Curzon
(c) Lord Dufferin
(d) Lord Minto
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (b) Lord Curzon
- In an article, Lala Lajpat Roy said that the Congress movement was not driven by the people nor did they have input on how it was managed.
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48. While delivering the presidential address, the Congress President who advocated the introduction of Roman script for the Hindi language was:
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (d) Subhash Chandra Bose
- Subhash Chandra Bose spoke about using Roman script for Hindi when he gave a speech as President in 1938.
- He was leading the Indian National Congress meeting in Haripura at that time.
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49. Who among the following suggested the winding up of the Indian National Congress after India attained independence?
(a) C. Rajagopalachari
(b) Acharya Kripalni
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Jayaprakash Narain
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005, U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2004, I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (c) Mahatma Gandhi
- Mahatma Gandhi proposed that the Indian National Congress should be disbanded once India gained independence.
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50. Which of the following was elected to collaborate with Mahatma Gandhi who was to author the new Constitution of the Congress as the per resolution of the Indian National Congress at Amritsar Session, 1919?
1. B.G. Tilak 2. N.C. Kelkar
3. C.R. Das 4. I.B. Sen
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code :
(a) 2 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 3
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (a) 2 and 4
- Gandhi wanted Tilak and Das to help him write the Constitution of Congress, but they were too busy to join.
- So, N.C. Kelkar and I.B. Sen stepped in and took their place to help Gandhi write the Constitution.
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51. One Governor-General took part in one of the Congress Sessions. Identify the Governor-General and the place where the Session was held :
(a) Lord Irwin – Karachi – 1931
(b) Lord Wellington-Bombay – 1915
(c) Lord Dufferin- Bombay – 1885
(d) Lord Hardinge-Lucknow – 1916
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) Lord Wellington-Bombay – 1915
- Lord Wellington attended the 31st Congress meeting in Bombay in 1915, even though he wasn’t the Governor-General of India yet.
- He was the Governor-General and Viceroy of India from 1931 to 1936.
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52. Which of the following sessions of the Indian National Congress was presided over by C. Vijay Raghav Chariar?
(a) Lucknow Session (1916)
(b) Nagpur Session (1920)
(c) Gaya Session (1922
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (b) Nagpur Session (1920)
- C. Vijay Raghav Chariar was the leader of the Indian National Congress in 1920 at the Nagpur session.
- During this session, Gandhi’s idea of achieving full independence through non-cooperation was discussed and accepted
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53. In which one of the following sessions, Congress declared its policy towards the Indian States for the first time?
(a) Nagpur session
(b) Gaya session
(c) Calcutta session
(d) Lucknow session
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) Nagpur session
- In 1920, Congress made a decision about how to deal with Princely rulers at their Nagpur Session.
- They wanted the states to give the people full control over their government.
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54. Who was the President of the Gaya Session of the Indian National Congress held in 1922?
(a) Chittaranjan Das
(b) S.N. Banerjee
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(d) Hakim Ajmal Khan
[56th to 59th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) Chittaranjan Das
- Chittaranjan Das was the President of the Indian National Congress’s Gaya Session in 1922.
- He was a great lawyer who showed his skill by successfully defending Aurobindo Ghosh in the famous Alipore Bomb Case.
- Along with Motilal Nehru, he formed the Swaraj Party in the INC, aiming to enter the councils and disrupt their activities.
- He is also named Deshbandhu.
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55. Given below is a list of persons who became Presidents of the Indian National Congress. Arrange then in
chronological order.
Select your answer using the code given below the list.
1. Mahatma Gandhi 2. Jawaharlal Nehru
3. Vallabh Bhai Patel 4. Smt. Sarojini Naidu
Code :
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1, 3, 4 and 2
(c) 1, 4, 2 and 3
(d) 4, 3, 1 and 2
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]
Ans. (c) 1, 4, 2 and 3
- The Presidents of the Indian National Congress are Mahatma Gandhi (who chaired the Belgaum Session in 1924), Sarojini Naidu (the first female Indian President who chaired the 40th session in Kanpur in 1925), Jawahar Lal Nehru (who presided over the Lahore Session in 1929, Lucknow Session in 1936, and Faizpur Session in 1936) and Patel (who chaired the Karachi Session in 1931).
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56. Mahatma Gandhi presided over only one session of the Indian National Congress in 1924. Where was the session held?
(a) Gaya
(b) Amritsar
(c) Belgaon
(d) Kanpur
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2011, R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2010]
Ans. (c) Belgaon
- The Presidents of the Indian National Congress are Mahatma Gandhi (who was President only once, in 1924 at Belgaum), Sarojini Naidu (who was the first female President and presided over the 40th annual session at Kanpur in 1925), Jawahar Lal Nehru (who presided over the Lahore Session in 1929, Lucknow Session in April 1936 and Faizpur Session in December 1936), and Patel (who presided over the Karachi Session in 1931).
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57. The only session of the Indian National Congress presided over by Mahatma Gandhi was :
(a) Allahabad Session – 1921
(b) Gaya Session – 1922
(c) Belgaum Session – 1924
(d) Karachi Session – 1930
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (c) Belgaum Session – 1924
- Mahatma Gandhi only presided over the Indian National Congress (INC) once, at the Belgaum Session in 1924.
- Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian woman President of the INC and she presided over the 40th annual session at Kanpur in 1925.
- Jawahar Lal Nehru was President at the Lahore Session in 1929, Lucknow Session in April 1936, and Faizpur Session in December 1936, and Patel was President at the Karachi Session in 1931.
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58. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
List – I List – II
(President) (Places, where Meetings of the Indian National Congress were held)
A. Abul Kalam Azad 1. Amritsar, 1919
B. Sarojini Naidu 2. Bombay, 1934
C. Motilal Nehru 3. Kanpur. 1925
D. Dr. Rajendra Prasad 4. Ramgarh, 1940
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 3 2 4
(b) 2 4 3 1
(c) 3 2 4 1
(d) 4 3 1 2
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (d) 4 3 1 2
- Motilal Nehru was the President of Indian National Congress in 1919 in Amritsar.
- Sarojini Naidu followed suit and was the President in 1925 in Kanpur.
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad stepped up for the Presidency in 1934 in Bombay.
- Abul Kalam Azad was the President in 1940 in Ramgarh.
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59. In which of the following sessions of the Indian National Congress, Jawaharlal Nehru spoke of socialism as the key to the solution to India’s problems?
(a) Lahore
(b) Lucknow
(c) Allahabad
(d) Ramgarh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Lucknow
- At the Indian National Congress in Lucknow on December 26, 1936, Jawaharlal Nehru said in his speech that socialism was the answer to India’s issues.
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60. The Haripura Session of the Indian National Congress, 1938 was presided over by:
(a) Abul Kalam Azad
(b) J.B. Kripalani
(c) Rajendra Pradesh
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (d) Subhash Chandra Bose
- The 51st session of Congress was held in Haripura, Gujarat from 19-21 February 1938 with Subhash Chandra Bose as president.
- Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as President of the National Planning Committee.
- Rajendra Prasad was elected as President in 1934 and Abul Kalam Azad was elected as President of Congress from 1940-1946.
- J. B. Kripalani was President of the Congress at the Meerut Session in 1946.
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61. Who was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress for the year 1938?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Subhas Chandra Bose
(c) Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (b) Subhas Chandra Bose
- From February 19-21, 1938, the 51st session of Congress was held in Haripura, Gujarat with Subhash Chandra Bose as the president.
- The National Planning Committee was formed and Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as its president.
- Rajendra Prasad held the same position in 1934.
- Abul Kalam Azad was chosen as president from 1940-1946, and J. B. Kripalani became president at the Meerut session in 1946.
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62. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below the lists–
A. Dr. M.A. Ansari 1. Haripura
B. Purushottam Das Tandon 2. Kanpur
C. Sarojini Naidu 3. Madras
D. Subhash Chandra Bose 4. Nasik
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 2 4 3
(b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 4 1 3 2
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (c) 3 4 2 1
- Subhash Chandra Bose presided over the Haripura Congress Session in 1938, Purushottam Das Tandon over the Nasik Session in 1950, Dr. M.A. Ansari over the Madras Session in 1927, and Sarojini Naidu over the Kanpur Session in 1925.
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63. Who among the following was the President of the Indian National Congress continuously for six years?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Abul Kalam Azad
(c) G. K. Gokhale
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (b) Abul Kalam Azad
- Abul Kalam Azad was the leader of the Indian National Congress for 6 years, from 1940 to 1946, during the Quit India Movement.
- He was just 35 years old when he became president of the INC in 1923 at the Delhi special session, making him the youngest president ever.
- Since Independence, the longest-serving president has been Sonia Gandhi, who led the INC from 1998 to 2017.
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64. The President of the Indian National Congress at the time of Independence was?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) J.B. Kriplani
(d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (c) J.B. Kriplani
- J. B. Kripalani was the leader of the Indian National Congress when India gained independence.
- He was chosen in November 1946 at the Meerut Session.
- He was a follower of Gandhi, a socialist, an environmentalist, a mystic, and a freedom fighter, and was known for his strong principles and dedication.
- For over 10 years, Kriplani was actively involved in the activities of the Congress party and organized the Salt Satyagraha and the Quit India Movement.
- He was also a part of the interim Government of India and the Constituent Assembly of India.
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65. On which occasion was ‘Jana-Gana Mana,’ first sung?
(a) 1896 Session of INC
(b) 1905 Session of INC
(c) 1911 Session of INC
(d) 1919 Session of INC
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (c) 1911 Session of INC
- “Jana Gana Mana” is India’s national anthem.
- It is written in Bengali and is the first part of a hymn composed by Nobel Prize winner Rabindranath Tagore.
- It was first sung in Calcutta at a meeting of the Indian National Congress in December 1911.
- Then, on January 24, 1950, it was officially declared the Indian National Anthem.
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66. The last session of the Indian National Congress attended by Bal Gangadhar Tilak was :
(a) Calcutta Session, 1906
(b) Surat Session, 1907
(c) Calcutta Session, 1917
(d) Amritsar Session, 1919
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (d) Amritsar Session, 1919
- The last Indian National Congress session attended by Bal Gangadhar Tilak was in Amritsar in 1919.
- He disagreed with Gandhi’s decision to not participate in the legislative councils established by the Montagu-Chelmsford Report in 1918.
- Tilak proposed that the delegates should cooperate with the reforms, which allowed Indians to be involved in regional government. He passed away on August 1st 1920.
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