1. The Indian Home Rule Society in London was started by–
(a) Annie Besant
(b) B.G. Tilak
(c) M.K. Gandhi
(d) Shyamji Krishna Verma
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]
Ans. (d) Shyamji Krishna Verma
- In February 1905 in London, Shaymji Krishna Verma set up the Indian Home Rule Society, or “India House”.
- The goal of this group was to achieve self-government by pressuring the British Government.
- From there, they started a newspaper called ‘Sociologist’.
- Because of the Government’s increased activity, Shyamji left London for Paris, and later for Geneva.
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2. Shyamji Krishna Verma established the Indian Home Rule Society in :
(a) London
(b) Paris
(c) Berlin
(d) San Francisco
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (a) London
- In February 1905, Shaymji Krishna Verma created the Indian Home Rule Society, also called ‘India House’, in London.
- The goal of this society was to gain independence from the British Government by using intimidation.
- They also started a newspaper called ‘Sociologist’.
- Because of the Government’s interference, Shyamji had to leave London for Paris, and then later to Geneva.
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3. The ‘Indian Home Rule Society’ was founded in :
(a) 1900 A.D.
(b) 1901 A.D.
(c) 1902 A.D.
(d) 1905 A.D.
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (d) 1905 A.D
- In February 1905, Shyamji Krishna Verma started the Indian Home Rule Society (also called ‘India House’) in London.
- Its purpose was to fight for self-rule and try to scare the British Government.
- A newspaper called ‘Sociologist’ was also started from here.
- Due to the Government’s interference, Shyamji had to leave London and move to Paris and then to Geneva.
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4. India House in London was established by :
(a) Shyamji Krishna Verma
(b) Barkat Ullah
(c) Virendranath Chattopadhyay
(d) Lala Har Dayal
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (a) Shyamji Krishna Verma
- In February 1905, Shyamji Krishna Verma founded the Indian Home Rule Society, also known as ‘India House’, in London.
- The purpose of the society was to get self-governance by putting pressure on the British Government.
- They began a newspaper called ‘Sociologist’, but Shyamji had to leave London for Paris and then Geneva because the government was taking too much action.
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5. Who was the founder of the ‘India House’ in London?
(a) Shyamji Krishnavarma
(b) Ras Bihari Bose
(c) Ramchandra
(d) Taraknath Das
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (a) Shyamji Krishnavarma
- In February 1905, Shyamji Krishna Verma set up the Indian Home Rule Society, or ‘India House,’ in London.
- This organization was made to pressure the British government to give India its independence.
- From this group, a newspaper called the ‘Sociologist’ was started.
- However, Shyamji had to leave London for Paris because the government was getting more involved.
- Later, he moved to Geneva.
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6. Who among the following founded the ‘Ghadar Party’?
(a) Lala Hardayal
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Bhagat Singh
(d) Barkat Ullah
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) Lala Hardayal
- In 1913, Sohan Singh Bhakna started a group called “The Hindustan Association of the Pacific Coast” in San Francisco.
- They also released a newspaper called ‘Gadar’, which is why they later became known as the ‘Gadar Party’.
- Lala Hardayal was another one of its founding members, and some other members included Raja Mahendra Pratap, Abdul Rahman, Madam Bhikaji Kama, Bhai Parmanand, Kartar Singh Sarabha, and Pandit Kashiram.
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7. Who among the following was NOT associated with Ghadar Party?
(a) Lala Hardayal
(b) Pt. Ramchandra
(c) Barkatullah
(d) Khudiram Bose
[U.P.B.E.O. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (d) Khudiram Bose
- The Ghadar Party was founded on April 21st, 1913 to fight for India’s independence from the British.
- It was made up of Indian immigrants who had moved to the US and Canada, and was based in San Francisco.
- Lala Hardayal was the founder and Sohan Singh Bakhna was the president.
- Other important members included Ramchandra, Barkatullah, Rashbihari Bose, Raja Mahendra Pratap, Abul Rehman, Madam Bhikaji Kama, Parmanand, Kartar Singh Sarabha, and Pt. Kanshiram.
- Khudiram Bose and Prafull Chaki threw a bomb at Kingsford in Muzaffarpur, Bihar on April 30th, 1908, which resulted in the deaths of the wife and daughter of an Indian sympathizer,
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8. Who organized the Ghadar Party?
(a) V.D. Savarkar
(b) Ras Bihari Bose
(c) Madan Lal Dhingra
(d) Lala Hardayal
[M.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) Lala Hardayal
- The Ghadar Party was founded on April 21, 1913 to try and free India from British rule.
- It was made up of immigrants from India who had settled in the USA and Canada.
- Its headquarters were in San Francisco, and it was led by Lala Hardayal with Sohan Singh Bakhna as the President.
- Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki set off a bomb on Kingsford in Muzaffarpur, Bihar on April 30, 1908, which tragically killed the wife and daughter of an Indian sympathizer,
- Mr. Kenedy. Prafulla Chaki took his own life while Khudiram Bose was executed at the age of 18 years and 8 days on August 11, 1908.
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9. Ghadar Party was established in the year :
(a) 1907
(b) 1913
(c) 1917
(d) 1920
[41st B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (b) 1913
- The Ghadar Party was founded on April 21, 1913 as a way to fight for India’s freedom from British rule.
- It was created by Indian immigrants living in the United States and Canada and was based in San Francisco.
- Lala Hardayal was the founder and Sohan Singh Bakhna was the president.
- Other important members included Ramchandra, Barkatullah, Rashbihari Bose, Raja Mahendra Pratap, Abul Rehman, Madam Bhikaji Kama, Parmanand, Kartar Singh Sarabha, and Pt. Kanshiram.
- Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki attempted to attack Kingsford in Muzaffarpur, Bihar on April 30, 1908, but the plan backfired and resulted in the death of the wife and daughter of an Indian sympathizer
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10. Who was the leader of the Ghadar Party?
(a) Bhagat Singh
(b) Lala Hardayal
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) V.D. Savarkar
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (b) Lala Hardayal
- The Ghadar Party was created in April 1913 by Indian immigrants living in the USA and Canada.
- It was based in San Francisco and founded by Lala Hardayal, with Sohan Singh Bakhna as President.
- Khudiram Bose and Prafull Chaki attempted to attack the British in April 1908, but this led to the death of the family of an Indian sympathizer.
- Prafulla Chaki killed himself and Khudiram Bose was hanged at the age of 18.
- This was done to fight for the independence of India from Britain.
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11. The Ghadar Movement was founded by:
(a) Ajit Singh
(b) Lala Hansraj
(c) Lala Hardayal
(d) Sohan Singh Bhakhna
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (d) Sohan Singh Bhakhna
- The Ghadar Party was founded on the 21st April 1913 by Lala Hardayal, with Sohan Singh Bakhna as President, to fight for India’s independence from Britain.
- It was based in San Francisco, USA, and comprised of immigrant Indians from the USA and Canada.
- Prominent members included Ramchandra, Barkatullah, Rashbihari Bose, Raja Mahendra Pratap, Abul Rehman, Madam Bhikaji Kama, Parmanand and Kartar Singh Sarabha, among others.
- Khudiram Bose and Prafull Chaki famously threw a bomb in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, on 30 April 1908, tragically killing the wife and daughter of Indian sympathizer Mr. Kenedy.
- Chaki committed suicide and Bose was hanged at the age of 18.
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12. Who amongst the following was the first Chairman of the Ghadar Party?
(a) Lala Herdayal
(b) Sohan Singh Bhakna
(c) Pandit Kashi Ram
(d) Keshar Singh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Sohan Singh Bhakna
- The Ghadar Party was created in 1913 by Punjabi Indians living in the US and Canada.
- Its goal was to free India from British control.
- Important members included Lala Hardayal, Sohan Singh Bhakna, Kartar Singh Sarabha, and Rasbihari Bose.
- Sohan Singh Bhakna was the first Chairman.
- They printed a newspaper called the ‘Hindustani Ghadar’ that was published in Urdu and Punjabi.
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13. Where were the Ghadar revolutionaries, who became active during the outbreak of World War I based?
(a) Central America
(b) North America
(c) West America
(d) South America
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (c) West America
- San Francisco in the United States of America, located in the western part of the country, was the center of the Ghadar movement during World War I.
- Depending on how it is classified, it can be seen as part of either North or South America.
- America consists of three regions: North America, Central America, and South America.
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14. Ghadar Party was founded in –
(a) Afganistan
(b) Myanmar
(c) England
(d) United States of America
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (d) United States of America
- During WWI, San Francisco, located in the western part of the USA, was the focal point of the Ghadar movement revolutionaries.
- Depending on how continents are divided, San Francisco is usually seen as being located in either North or South America.
- America is typically divided into three regions: North America, Central America, and South America.
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15. In which of the following countries ‘’Ghadar Party’’ was founded –
(a) U.S.A
(b) Germany
(c) Spain
(d) France
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) U.S.A
- During World War I, San Francisco in North America was the home of the revolutionaries of the Ghadar movement.
- San Francisco is in the western part of the United States of America, so option (c) is the right choice.
- However, if you look at it in terms of North and South America, then (b) is the answer.
- America is usually divided into three sections: North America, Central America, and South America.
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16. The Ghadr (Ghadar) was a –
(a) Revolutionary Association of Indians with headquarters in San Francisco
(b) Nationalist organization operating from Singapore
(c) Militant organization with headquarters in Berlin
(d) Communist movement for India’s freedom with headquarters at Tashkent
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (a) Revolutionary Association of Indians with headquarters in San Francisco
- In 1913, the ‘Ghadar Party’ was created by Indians living in Canada and America.
- It was based in San Francisco and its main purpose was to work towards freeing India from British rule.
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17. The headquarters of the Ghadar Party was in :
(a) San Francisco
(b) New York
(c) Madras
(d) Calcutta
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (a) San Francisco
- Ghadar Party was established on April 21, 1913 by Indians living in Canada and America.
- It was based in San Francisco and had a goal to free India from British control.
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18. What was the cause of the outbreak of the Ghadar Revolution –
(a) Arresting of Lala Hardyal
(b) Kamagatamaru incident
(c) Beginning of First World War
(d) Hanging of Kartar Singh Sarabha
[39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (c) Beginning of First World War
- When the Swadeshi movement weakened, the supporters of Nationalism also became less active.
- In 1914, when the First World War started, Indian Nationalists saw this as a chance to fight for independence.
- People in North America, such as the Ghadar revolutionaries, and in India, like Lokmanya Tilak and Annie Besant, used this moment to try and take back their freedom.
- The Ghadar revolutionaries tried to overthrow British rule through armed struggle.
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19. Who among the following established a Republican Government abroad?
(a) Mahendra Pratap
(b) Subhash Chandra Bose
(c) Ras Behari Bose
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) Mahendra Pratap
- During World War I, Raja Mahendra Pratap founded the first independent Government of India in Kabul, Afghanistan in 1915.
- He was the President and his co-worker Maulavi Barkatullah was the Prime Minister.
- Germany and Russia accepted this Government.
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20. A provisional Government of India with Raja Mahendra Pratap as its President was established during the First World War in?
(a) Afghanistan
(b) Germany
(c) Singapore
d) Turkey
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012, U.P.U.D.A/L.D.A(Spl) (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (a) Afghanistan
- In 1915, during World War-I, Raja Mahendra Pratap started the first temporary government in India, located in Kabul, Afghanistan.
- He was the president of the government, and his friend Maulavi Barkatullah was the Prime Minister.
- Germany and Russia accepted this government.
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21. An interim government under the leadership of Raja Mahendra Pratap Singh was founded in Kabul with the support of Germany during the :
(a) Gadar Movement
(b) Swadeshi Movement
(c) Second World War
(d) Home Rule Movement
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. Re-Exam (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
- During World War I, Raja Mahendra Pratap set up India’s first provisional government in Kabul, Afghanistan in 1915.
- Raja was the president and Maulavi Barkatullah was the prime minister.
- Germany and Russia acknowledged the government.
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22. Who is regarded as the “Mother of Indian Revolution”:
(a) Annie Besant
(b) Sarojini Naidu
(c) Rama Bai
(d) Bhikaji Rustam Cama
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (d) Bhikaji Rustam Cama
- Bhikaji Cama was an Indian freedom fighter who came from a wealthy Parsi family.
- She was a leader in the fight for India’s independence from America and Europe.
- She made the first version of the Indian National Flag and fought for her country’s freedom for 30 years while living in Paris.
- In 1936, at the age of 75, she returned to Mumbai and died that same year.
- She was given the title of “Mother of Indian Revolution”.
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23. Who is regarded as “the Mother of Indian Revolution”?
(a) Mrs. Annie Besant
(b) Snehlata Wadekar
(c) Sarojini Naidu
(d) Madam Bhikhaji Rustam Cama
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) Madam Bhikhaji Rustam Cama
- Bhikaji Cama was a brave Indian freedom fighter who came from a wealthy Parsi family.
- She worked tirelessly for India’s independence from America and Europe, and even designed the first Indian National Flag that she unveiled at the International Socialist Congress in Stuttgart, Germany.
- She devoted 30 years of her life in Paris to fight for India’s freedom and was known as the ‘Mother of Indian Revolution’.
- When she was 75, she returned to Mumbai and passed away the same year.
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24. Consider the following statements about Madam Bhikaji Cama:
1. Madam Cama unfurled the National Flag at the International Socialist Conference in Paris in the year 1907.
2. Madam Cama served as private secretary to Dadabhai Naoroji.
3. Madam Cama was born to Parsi.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2, and 3
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 3 only
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (b) 2 and 3 only
- Madam Bhikaji Cama was born in 1861 to Parsi parents and was married to Rustan K.R Cama, an advocate and social activist.
- She worked as a personal secretary for Dada Bhai Naoroji, a leader in the Indian National Movement.
- Later, she connected with European scholars and students, and got involved in the Freedom Movement.
- On 22nd August 1907, she was the first to raise the National Flag at an International Socialist Conference in Stuttgart, Germany.
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25. Among the following women who were first to unfurl Indian Tricolour?
(a) Aruna Asaf Ali
(b) Bhikaji Cama
(c) Durga Bhabhi
(d) Kamala Devi Chattopadhyay
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (b) Bhikaji Cama
- Madam Bhikaji Cama was born in 1861 to Parsi parents.
- Her father was Sorabji Patel.
- She married Rustan K.R Cama, who was a lawyer and social activist.
- She served as a personal secretary for Dada Bhai Naoroji, an important figure in the Indian National Movement.
- Through her association with European scholars and students, she became involved in the Freedom Movement.
- Further details about Madam Cama can be found in the original text.
- On 22nd August 1907 in Stuttgart, Germany, she became the first person to raise the National Flag at the International Socialist Conference.
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26. Where did Madam Cama hoist the first tricolor flag in 1907?
(a) London
(b) Paris
(c) Moscow
(d) Stuttgart
[56th to 59th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (d) Stuttgart
- Madam Bhikaji Cama was born on the 24th of September 1861 to Parsi parents.
- Her father’s name was Sorabji Patel.
- She was married to Rustan K.R Cama, who was an advocate and social activist.
- Madam Cama worked as a personal secretary for Dada Bhai Naoroji, a prominent leader in the Indian National Movement.
- She became involved in the Freedom Movement after meeting European scholars and students.
- On 22nd August 1907 in Germany’s Stuttgart, Madam Cama unfurled the National Flag at an International Socialist Conference.
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27. Where did Madam Cama unfurl India’s tricolor flag of freedom?
(a) Paris
(b) London
(c) Stuttgart
(d) Geneva
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (c) Stuttgart
- Madam Bhikaji Cama was born on 24th September 1861 to Parsi parents, with Sorabji Patel being her father.
- She was married to Rustan K.R Cama, an advocate and social activist.
- After working as a personal secretary for Dada Bhai Naoroji, a well-known leader of the Indian National Movement, she got involved in the Freedom Movement.
- Madam Cama first flew the Indian flag at the International Socialist Conference on 22nd August 1907 in Stuttgart, Germany.
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28. Which of the following pair got a sentence to be hanged for the assassination of the British officers in England –
(a) Rajguru and Sukhdev
(b) Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen
(c) Madan Lal Dhingra and Udham Singh
(d) Kartar Singh Sarabha and Ashfaqullah Khan
[U.P. P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Madan Lal Dhingra and Udham Singh
- Madan Lal Dhingra and Udham Singh were both given the death penalty for murdering British officers.
- Madan Lal Dhingra fatally shot Curzon Wyllie, the political secretary of State for India, and Cowsji Lalkaka on July 1, 1909.
- He was later hanged for this assassination.
- Udham Singh was also sentenced to death for killing Michael O ‘Dwyer in London in March 1940, who was involved in the Jalianwala Bagh Massacre.
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29. What was common among Madam Bhikaji Cama M.Barkahtulla V.V.S Iyer and M.N. Roy-
(a) All of them were leading members of the International Communist Movement.
(b) M. Barkatulla was the Prime Minister and the rest were ministers in the Provisional Government of free India established by a group of revolutionaries at Kabul.
(c) All of them were among the prominent revolutionaries outside India operating in different countries during the freedom movement.
(d) All of them were accused in the case relating to the throwing of a bomb on Lord Hardinge.
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (c) All of them were among the prominent revolutionaries outside India operating in different countries during the freedom movement.
- Madam Bhikaji Cama, M. Barkat Ullah, V.V.S Iyer, and M. N.Roy were people who wanted India to be free from foreign rule.
- They were revolutionaries.
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30. What was Kamagatamaru?
(a) A political party based in Taiwan
(b) Peasant Communist leader of China
(c) A naval ship of Voyage to Canada.
(d) A Chinese village where Mao Tse Lung began his long march.
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (c) A naval ship of Voyage to Canada.
- In 1914, Gurdit Singh hired a Japanese steamliner called the Kamagatamaru to bring 376 Indian immigrants to Canada.
- However, when they arrived in Vancouver, the Canadian police refused to let them in.
- Hussain Rahim, Balwant Singh, and Sohan Lal Pathak formed a committee to defend the passengers’ rights.
- Bhagwan Singh, Barkatullah, Ramchand, and Sohan Singh organized a movement in support of the immigrants.
- When the Kamagatamaru reached the Budge Budge port in Calcutta, a fight broke out between the passengers and the British Police.
- 18 passengers were killed, and 202 were put in jail.
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31. Which one of the following was associated with the ‘Kamagatamaru episode’?
(a) Sardar Ajit Singh
(b) Baba Gurdip Singh
(c) V.D.Savarkar
(d) Sardar Bhagat Singh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (b) Baba Gurdip Singh
- Gurdit Singh, a wealthy Punjabi businessman, hired a Japanese steamship called the Kamagatamaru to take 376 Indians to the Vancouver port in Canada in 1914.
- However, the Canadian police refused to let them in.
- A group of people, including Hussain Rahim, Balwant Singh, Sohan Lal Pathak, Bhagwan Singh, Barkatullah, Ramchand, and Sohan Singh, formed a Shore Committee to protect the rights of the Indian travelers.
- When the Kamagatamaru reached the port of Calcutta, a fight erupted between the passengers and the British Police.
- As a result, 18 of the passengers were killed and 202 of them were sent to jail.
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32. ‘’Kamagatamaru’’ is famous for-
(a) Being 10,000 feet high place in North-East India
(b) Being a Ship
(c) Due to a Festival of Hill area
(d) Being a tribal cast.
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]
Ans. (b) Being a Ship
- In 1914, Gurdit Singh, a wealthy Punjabi businessman, chartered the Kamagatamaru, a Japanese steamliner, to bring 376 Indian people to Canada’s Vancouver port.
- However, the Canadian police refused to let them in.
- Hussain Rahim, Balwant Singh, and Sohan Lal Pathak led a Shore Committee to protect the immigrants’ rights.
- Bhagwan Singh, Barkatullah, Ramchand, and Sohan Singh also campaigned for the immigrants.
- When the Kamagatamaru arrived at Budge Budge port in Calcutta, a fight broke out between the passengers and the British Police.
- 18 passengers were killed and 202 were put in jail.
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33. What was ‘Kamagatamaru’?
(a) An industrial center
(b) A harbor
(c) A ship
(d) An army unit
[U.P.P.C.S. (Re. Exam) (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) A ship
- Gurdit Singh, a wealthy Punjabi businessman, chartered the Japanese steamliner Kamagatamaru to bring Indian immigrants to Canada in 1914.
- However, when they arrived in Vancouver the Canadian police refused to let them in.
- Hussain Rahim, Balwant Singh, and Sohan Lal Pathak created a Shore Committee to protect the immigrants’ rights.
- Bhagwan Singh, Barkatullah, Ramchand, and Sohan Singh also campaigned in support of the immigrants.
- When the ship reached the Budge Budge port in Calcutta, a fight broke out between the passengers and the British Police.
- Sadly, 18 passengers were killed and 202 were sent to jail.
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34. Who had established the “India Independence League”?
(a) Motilal Nehru
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Rashbihari Bose
(d) Lala Lajpat Roy
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010, U.P. P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008, U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (c) Rashbihari Bose
- Ras Bihari Bose was an Indian who lived in Japan.
- He held a meeting in Tokyo on 28-30th March 1942 for Indians to talk about political issues.
- At the Bangkok Convention from 14th June to June 23rd, 1942, he created the Indian Independence League with Subhash Chandra Bose in attendance.
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