1. Morley-Minto Reform Bill was passed in :
(a) 1905
(b) 1909
(c) 1911
(d) 1920
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (b) 1909
- In 1905, Lord Minto took over as the ruler of India from Lord Curzon, and John Morley was chosen as the Secretary of India.
- The changes they made are known as the Morley-Minto Reforms.
- The Indian Councils Act of 1909, which is more commonly known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, was a law of the British government in India which allowed Indians to have a bit more control over their government.
- The big disagreement about the bill was that it gave Muslims their own separate voting system.
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2. Which of the following Acts provided for communal representation in British India?
(a) Indian Councils Act, 1892
(b) Minto-Morley Reforms, 1909
(c) Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, 1919
(d) Government of India Act, 1935
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) Minto-Morley Reforms, 1909
- In 1905, Lord Minto took over as the Viceroy of India from Lord Curzon and John Morley was appointed as Secretary of India.
- The changes that were brought about by them are known as Morley-Minto Reforms.
- In 1909, the British Parliament passed the Indian Councils Act, which was also called Morley-Minto Reforms.
- It increased the participation of Indians in the British government of India.
- The main disagreement on this Act was regarding a separate electoral system for Muslims.
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3. The Indian Council Act of 1909 provided for :
(a) Dyarchy
(b) Communal representation
(c) Federation
(d) Provincial autonomy
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (b) Communal representation
- The Morley-Minto Act of 1909 had a major flaw in its proposal of a “separate electorate” system for Muslims, which meant that they could only be elected by other Muslims, not by the general population.
- This created a divide between the Muslim community and the rest of India, which caused a lot of damage to national unity.
- Gandhi said that the Morley-Minto Reforms caused a lot of destruction.
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4. Seeds of discord were in which event during the National Movement and which eventually divided the country–
(a) Establishment of the Muslim League in 1906.
(b) Division of Bengal in 1905.
(c) Khilafat Movement Supported by Gandhiji.
(d) Reservation of seats and separate electorates for Muslims in legislative assemblies.
[U.P P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2004, U.P U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (d) Reservation of seats and separate electorates for Muslims in legislative assemblies
- The Minto-Morley reforms gave Muslims their own electoral group, which had a major effect on Indian politics.
- This was the first time the Muslim population was seen as a distinct part of the Indian Nation, which started the “Hindu-Muslim Disharmony” that eventually led to India and Pakistan being split.
- Muslims were given their own voting districts and only members of the Muslim community were allowed to pick their own representatives.
- This communal representation that was accepted with the Morley-Minto Reforms was kept and made even stronger with the Government of India Act of 1919.
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5. Whom did Rajendra Prasad consider the father of Pakistan?
(a) Md. Jinnah
(b) Lord Mountbatten
(c) Lord Minto
(d) Liaquat Ali Khan
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[63rd B.P.S.C (Pre.) 2017]
Ans. (c) Lord Minto
- Lord Minto was involved in the Minto-Morley reforms of 1909 which set up an electoral system based on religious groups in India, which eventually led to the separation of India and Pakistan.
- Rajendra Prasad thought of him as the founder of Pakistan.
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