Maritime Transport
1. Which one of the following coasts is associated with Kochi’s seaport?
(a) Malabar Coast
(b) Konkan Coast
(c) Coromandel Coast
(d) North Circars Coast
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) Malabar Coast
- Kochi Sea-port (Kerala) is a graceful natural harbour located at Malabar Coast which is used for the whole year.
|
2. Consider the following statements :
1. Tides are of great help in navigation and fishing.
2. High tide enables big ships to enter or leave the harbour safely.
3. Tide prevents siltation in the harbours.
4. Kandla and Diamond Harbour are tidal ports.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 2,3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
- Tides are useful for sailing and fishing. High tides allow large ships to come in and out of the harbour safely.
- Tides stop the buildup of silt in the harbours. Kandla and Diamond harbours depend on the tides.
|
3. Which among the following has the largest shipyard in India?
(a) Kolkata
(b) Cochin
(c) Mumbai
(d) Vishakhapatnam
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016, I.A.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (b) Cochin
- Shipyards and dockyards are locations that repair and construct ships.
- Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) is one of the most important shipbuilding and maintenance facilities in India.
- This shipyard was established by the government on March 29th, 1972.
- They began making ships in 1978, repairing ships in 1981, providing Marine Engineering Training in 1993, and doing offshore upgrades in 1999.
|
4. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists:
List- I List- II
(Shipyards) (States)
A. Garden Reach 1. Andhra Pradesh
B. Hindustan Shipyard 2. Maharashtra
C. Mazgaon Docks 3. Kerala
D. Cochin Shipyard 4. West Bengal
Code :
A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3
(b) 4 1 2 3
(c) 3 1 4 2
(d) 4 3 2 1
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]
Ans. (b) 4 1 2 3
- The correct match is as follows :
| Shipyard |
States |
| Garden Reach |
West Bengal |
| Hindustan Shipyard |
Andhra Pradesh |
| Mazgaon Docks |
Maharashtra |
| Cochin Shipyard |
Kerala |
|
5. Which of the following is not located on the Western Coast of India?
(a) Daman
(b) Janjira
(c) Karaikal
(d) Ratnagiri
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (c) Karaikal
- Daman, Janjira and Ratnagiri are situated on India’s West Coast, and Karaikal is on the East Coast.
|
6. India’s largest Ship Breaking Yard is located in Gujarat at :
(a) Alang
(b) Kandla
(c) Porbandar
(d) Okha
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (a) Alang
- Alang is a town in Gujarat’s Bhavnagar district. Over the past thirty years, its beaches have been transformed into the world’s largest ship breaking yard, which recycles about half of all salvaged ships.
|
7. Jawaharlal Nehru Port is located in the State of:
(a) Goa
(b) Gujarat
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Maharashtra
(e) None of the above / More than one of the above
[66th B.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2020]
Ans. (d) Maharashtra
- Jawaharlal Nehru Port, which is also known as Nhava Sheva Port, is located in Maharashtra.
|
8. Which port is constructed for the de-congestion of the present Mumbai seaport?
(a) Ennore
(b) Haldia
(c) Paradip
(d) Nhava Sheva (Jawaharlal Nehru Port)
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (d) Nhava Sheva (Jawaharlal Nehru Port)
- In 1989, the Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Nhava Sheva) was built to help reduce the strain on Mumbai Port.
|
9. Kandla port is located on :
(a) Gulf of Khambhat
(b) Tropic of Cancer
(c) Rann of Kutch
(d) Gulf of Kutch
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (d) Gulf of Kutch
- Kandla port is situated in a creek called Kandla, which is 90 km away from the end of the Gulf of Kutch. It is a well-sheltered harbor.
|
10. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
(a) Chennai – Deepest Port of India
(b) Cochin – Natural Port
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port- Sole mechanized port
(d) Kandla -Tidal Port
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (a) Chennai – Deepest Port of India
- Visakhapatnam is an inland port that is well-protected. Chennai has a man-made harbor which is one of the oldest ports in India and the second biggest in the nation.
|
11. India’s deepest port is :
(a) Kandla
(b) Cochin
(c) Paradip
(d) Marmagoa
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (*)
- The ports of Kandla (4.6 m), Cochin (12.8m), Paradip (17.1 m) and Marmagoa (14.4 m) have the lowest depths possible.
- It’s important to note that a port’s minimum depth is determined by its ability to host and operate bigger ships.
- Vishakhapatnam port is known for being the deepest landlocked and well-protected port, but this was removed from the final answer key of the commission.
|
12. Which one of the following ports is not located on the the eastern coast of India?
(a) Chennai
(b) Kandla
(c) Paradip
(d) Tuticorin
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) Kandla
- The Kandla Port is located in the Gulf of Kutch close to Gandhidham city in Kutch, Gujarat.
- It is India’s first Special Economic Zone and a major seaport. Kandla Port is used to import petroleum, chemicals, and iron and to export grains, salt, and fabrics.
- It is a natural port and one of the most profitable ports in India.
|
13. Paradip port is developed for decongestion of two ports, these are :
(a) Kolkata – Vishakhapatnam
(b) Kolkata – Mumbai
(c) Mumbai – Cochin
(d) Chennai – Vishakhapatnam
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) Kolkata – Vishakhapatnam
- Paradip port is situated 210 nautical miles south of Kolkata and 260 nautical miles North of Vishakhapatnam.
- It can accommodate vessels up to 60,000 DWT.
- The port started as a mono-commodity port intended mainly to cater to the export of iron ore from Odisha to Japan.
- Paradip port is developed for reducing the traffic of Kolkata & Vishakhapatnam ports.
|
14. Which one of the following ports is located on the Odisha coast?
(a) Haldia
(b) Mumbai
(c) Paradip
(d) Vishakhapatnam
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (c) Paradip
- Paradip Port is a deep-water port situated on the east coast of India in Odisha. It is located where the Mahanadi River meets the Bay of Bengal.
|
15. Paradip is located in the state of
(a) Kerala
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Odisha
(d) Andhra Pradesh
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2008, 44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (c) Odisha
- Paradip Port is a large harbor located on the eastern side of India in the Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha. It is where the Mahanadi River meets the Bay of Bengal.
|
16. Marmugao seaport is situated in –
(a) Odisha
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Goa
(d) Kerala
[40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (c) Goa
- Marmugao port is a significant port in Goa located at the entrance of the Zuari river.
- It is the fifth busiest port and is responsible for exporting 40% of the nation’s iron ore.
|
17. Which statement is correct?
(a) Haldia is in Odisha
(b) Paradip is a West Bengal
(c) Kandla is in Gujarat
(d) Marmugao is in Karnataka
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (c) Kandla is in Gujarat
- Correct location parts given in the question are matched as below:
| Haldia |
West Bengal |
| Paradip |
Odisha |
| Kandla |
Gujarat |
| Marmugao |
Goa |
|
18. Which one of the following ports of India handles the highest tonnage of import cargo?
(a) Calcutta
(b) Kandla
(c) Mumbai
(d) Visakhapatnam
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) Kandla
- Kandla port is the biggest port in India. It was responsible for the most imports and exports in 2014.
|
19. In India which one of the following is not a natural harbour?
(a) Kandla
(b) Chennai
(c) Paradip
(d) Mumbai
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (b) Chennai
- Chennai is India’s oldest and largest man-made harbor. It mostly deals with items such as oil, fertilizers, iron ore, and other goods.
|
20. Which of the following are the natural ports of India?
1. Chennai
2. Cochin
3. Tuticorin
4. Vishakhapatnam
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
Code :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2 and 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (d) 2 and 4
- Vishakhapatnam and Cochin ports are natural harbors while Chennai and Tuticorin are artificial ports.
|
21. Which one of the following is the port city of Andhra Pradesh?
(a) Kakinada
(b) Nellore
(c) Ongole
(d) Vizianagaram
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (a) Kakinada
- Kakinada is a port city located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It has four ports: Kakinada Anchorage Port, Kakinada Deep Water Port, Kakinada Fishing Harbour, and a Ship-Breaking Unit.
- It is an intermediate port among the two intermediate ports and ten minor ports along Andhra Pradesh’ 1000km long coastline.
|
22. Which of the following is the National Water Way number 1?
(a) Godavari–Krishna Basin Water Way
(b) Mahanadi–Brahmani River Water Way
(c) Brahmaputra River Water Way
(d) Ganga–Bhagirathi–Hugli River Water Way
(e) None of these
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (d) Ganga–Bhagirathi–Hugli River Water Way
- India has 111 approved waterways. The longest one is the Ganga Bhagirathi–Hoogly Rivers, spanning 1620 km and running through Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.
|
23. The port that does not have LNG terminals is –
(a) Dahej
(b) Hazira
(c) Kochi
(d) Kandla
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Kandla
- India has five Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) terminals which are as follows :
-
- Dahej (Gujarat)
- Hazira (Gujarat)
- Cochin (Kerala)
- Dabhol (Maharashtra)
- Paradip (Odisha)
Hence, it is clear that Kandla is not an LNG terminal of India. |
24. At which of the following place three crescent-shaped beaches meet?
(a) Marmugao
(b) Baleshwar
(c) Kovalam
(d) Kanyakumari
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Kanyakumari
- Kanyakumari is a city in Tamil Nadu that is at the very bottom of India, where the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, and the Indian Ocean all come together. It is known for its beautiful sunrises and sunsets.
|
25. What is the length of the shipping canal in the Sethusamudram project?
(a) 166 km
(b) 167 km
(c) 168 km
(d) 169 km
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (b) 167 km
- The Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project is a plan that would dig a 167 kilometer long pathway in the shallow ocean area between India and Sri Lanka.
- This canal would connect the Palk Strait (in the Bay of Bengal) to the Gulf of Mannar, providing a safe, easy route around the Indian Peninsula.
|
26. Sethusamudram Project connects –
(a) Palk Bay with Pak Strait
(b) Palk Bay with the Bay of Bengal
(c) Gulf of Mannar with Palk Bay
(d) Cape Comorin with Gulf of Mannar
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008, U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Gulf of Mannar with Palk Bay
- The Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project is a proposal to make a 167 kilometer long waterway between India and Sri Lanka that goes through the shallow Palk Strait and into the Gulf of Mannar.
- This would create a path around the Indian Peninsula so ships can travel continuously.
|
27. In India, the ports are categorized as major and nonmajor ports. Which one of the following is a non-major port?
(a) Kochi (Cochin)
(b) Dahej
(c) Paradip
(d) New Mangalore
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (b) Dahej
- Dahej is located in the Gulf of Khambhat, in the Bharuch district of Gujarat. It is a non-major port, strategically located on international shipping routes, providing easy access to the industrial areas of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. Currently, India has a total of 12 major ports.
-
-
-
-
- Kolkata
- Paradip
- Viskhapatnam
- Chennai
- Tuticorin
- Kochi
- New Manglore
- Marmugoa
- Mumbai
- Jawahar Lal Nehru Port trust
- (Nhava Sheva)
- Ennore
- Kandla Part
|
28. Match List-I (major harbours) with List-II (States) and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
List- I List- II
A. Kandla 1. Maharashtra
B. Nhava Sheva 2. Odisha
C. Paradip 3. Tamil Nadu
D. Tuticorin 4. Gujarat
Code :
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) 2 3 4 1
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (c) 4 1 2 3
- The correct match of List-I iwth List–II are as follows :
| Harbours |
State |
| Kandla |
Gujarat |
| Nhava Sheva |
Maharashtra |
| Paradip |
Odisha |
| Tuticorin |
Tamil Nadu |
|
29. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
List- I List- II
A. Alleppey i. Tamil Nadu
B. Ennore ii. Odisha
C. Paradip iii. Kerala
D. Kakinada iv. Andhra Pradesh
Code :
A B C D
(a) iii i ii iv
(b) ii iii i iv
(c) iii i iv ii
(d) iii iv ii i
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (a) iii i ii iv
- The correct match of seaports with their respective state is as follows :
| Sea Port |
State |
| Alleppey |
Kerala |
| Ennore |
Tamil Nadu |
| Paradip |
Odisha |
| Kakinada |
Andhra Pradesh |
|
30. By promotion of Krishnapatnam port, which of the following state would be most benefi ciary?
(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Karnataka
(c) Kerala
(d) Tamil Nadu
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) Andhra Pradesh
- If Krishnapatnam port is promoted, it will be very good for the state of Andhra Pradesh.
- This port is in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh and it serves the areas of southern Andhra Pradesh, north Tamil Nadu, and western Karnataka.
|
31. The biggest port in India is –
(a) Vishakhapatnam
(b) Mumbai
(c) Tuticorin
(d) Kandla
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (b) Mumbai
- Mumbai Port is the biggest deep-water harbour on the west coast of India. It has been very important in helping India become a more industrialised nation.
|
32. Which is the largest natural port in India?
(a) Cochin
(b) Chennai
(c) Tuticorin
(d) Mumbai
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (d) Mumbai
- Mumbai Port is a deep-water harbour located on the west coast of India, and it is the largest port in the country. It has been very important in helping India’s industrial growth.
|
33. India’s 13th major port is going to be set up in which State?
(a) Kerala
(b) Gujarat
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Tamil Nadu
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (c) Maharashtra
- A new port in India is going to be built in Vadhavan, Maharashtra. It will be run on the “landlord model” which means that private companies and factories will lease the necessary infrastructure.
|
34. National Waterway-1 connects :
(a) Kottapuram to Kollam
(b) Sadiya to Dhubri
(c) Haldia to Allahabad
(d) Haldia to Kolkata
(e) None of the above / More than one of the above
[63rd B.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) Haldia to Allahabad
- The part of the Ganges river between Allahabad and Haldia, called the Bhagirathi-Hoogly, was designated as National Waterway 1 in 1986. It is 1620 km long, making it the longest river inside of India.
|
35. Which one of the following stretches of river Ganga has been declared as National Water Way?
(a) From Allahabad to Haldia
(b) From Haridwar to Kanpur
(c) From Kanpur to Allahabad
(d) From Narora to Patna
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (a) From Allahabad to Haldia
- The Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly river system was given the title of National Waterway No.1 and stretches from Haldia to Allahabad (Prayagraj). It was set up in 1986 and is the largest National Water
|
36. Which of the following parts of Ganga river is declared as ‘National Water Ways’?
(a) From Haridwar to Kanpur
(b) From Kanpur to Prayagraj
(c) From Narora to Patna
(d) From Prayagraj to Haldiya
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (d) From Prayagraj to Haldiya
- The NW-1 river system, also known as the Ganga – Bhagirathi – Hooghly, runs from Haldia (Sagar) to Prayagraj
|
37. Which of the following is the longest waterway in the country?
(a) Kakinada – Marakkam
(b) Kollam – Kottapuram
(c) Sadia – Dhubari
(d) Allahabad – Haldia
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (d) Allahabad – Haldia
- The NW-1 waterway runs along the Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly rivers, going from Haldia (Sagar) to Prayagraj
|
38. Which of the following National Waterways connects Kottapuram with Kollam?
(a) Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hugli Waterways
(b) Brahmaputra river waterways
(c) Kerala coastal canal waterways
(d) Godavari-Krishna basin waterways
(e) None of these
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) Kerala coastal canal waterways
- In 1992, the West Coast Canal which runs from Kottapuram to Kollam, including the Champakara and Udyogmandal Canals, was declared a National Waterway.
- It is 205 kilometers long and can be used for navigation.
|
39. National Inland Navigation Institute (NINI) is situated in–
(a) Patna
(b) Kolkata
(c) Porbandar
(d) Gomuk, Uttarakhand
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (a) Patna
- In February 2004, the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) created the National Inland Navigation Institute (NINI) in Patna, Bihar.
|
40. The twelfth major port of India handling coal is being developed near –
(a) Chennai
(b) Paradip
(c) Kakinada
(d) Vishakhapatnam
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2007, U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (a) Chennai
- A twelfth major port for coal transport has been set up in Ennore, which is close to Chennai. Ennore is the first port in India to be incorporated.
|
41. Which one of the following ports is situated at the Gulf of Kutch?
(a) Cochin
(b) Haldia
(c) Kandla
(d) Tuticorin
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (c) Kandla
- Kandla is a major port situated on the Gulf of Kutch along the west coast.
- It was built in the 1950s to be the main port for Western India after the split of India and Pakistan, which put the port of Karachi in Pakistan.
|
42. Which one of the following is not the port town of Gujarat?
(a) Jamnagar
(b) Okha
(c) Porbandar
(d) Veraval
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (a) Jamnagar
- Gulf of Kutch Okha, Porbandar, Alang, Bedi, Bhavnagar, Dahej, Jafarabad, Mandvi, Navlayi, Surat and Veraval are big cities in Gujarat that have ports.
- Jamnagar is south of the Gulf of Kutch but it is not a port town of Gujarat.
|
43. Which of the following is not a harbour?
(a) Kandla
(b) Cochin
(c) Bengaluru
(d) Mangalore
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (c) Bengaluru
- Kandla (Gujarat), Kochin (Kerala), and Mangalore (Karnataka) are well-known ports. Bangalore (Karnataka) is not located near a port since it is a landlocked city
|
44. Which of the following ports of India is an open seaport?
(a) Haldia
(b) Mumbai
(c) Chennai
(d) Vishakhapatnam
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (c) Chennai
- A seaport is an area in the ocean where boats can sail in open waters. In India, Chennai is a seaport where docks are built along the shoreline.
|
45. Which of the following is a specific example of ‘Out Port’?
(a) Porbandar
(b) Haldia
(c) Panaji
(d) Vishkhapatnam
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012]
Ans. (b) Haldia
- Haldia port is located 90 km away from Kolkata and is an example of an “Out Port”.
- This type of port is located in the sea and is a smaller port linked to the main port.
|
46. What is the importance of developing Chabahar Port by India?
(a) India’s trade with African countries will enormously increase.
(b) India’s relations with oil-producing Arab countries will be strengthened.
(c) India will not depend on Pakistan for access to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
(d) Pakistan will facilitate and protect the installation of a gas pipeline between Iraq and India.
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) India will not depend on Pakistan for access to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
- Chabahar is a city in Iran located in the Sistan and Balochistan province.
- It is a free port along the Gulf of Oman. India made a deal in 2015 to help develop the port, which created a new transit route for India, Iran, and Afghanistan that does not go through Pakistan.
- Before this, India had to rely on Pakistan to get to Central Asia and Afghanistan.
|
47. Recently. which of the following States has explored the possibility of constructing an artificial inland port to be connected to the sea by a long navigational channel?
(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Chhattisgarh
(c) Karnataka
(d) Rajasthan
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) Rajasthan
- The Rajasthan Government is looking into the possibility of building an artificial port in Jalore by bringing in ocean water from the Arabian Sea via Gujarat.
- The waterway would be 300 metres wide and 25 metres deep, starting from the end of Lakpat at Kori Creek in the Arabian Sea, passing through the Rann of Kutch, then joining Jalore.
|
