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The Individual Satyagraha Movement (1940)
1. Initiation and Purpose
- Initiator: The Indian National Congress under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
- Catalyst: Initiated in response to the Congress’s total rejection of the British August Offer (1940).
- Primary Purpose: A moral protest to express strong disapproval of the British Government’s policies towards India during World War II.
2. Key Figures and Order of Protest
- Leader: Mahatma Gandhi, who conceived and launched the movement. He was also the first to use the term “Sarvodaya” (welfare for all).
- First Satyagrahi: Vinoba Bhave, personally selected by Mahatma Gandhi to offer Satyagraha on October 17, 1940.
- Second Satyagrahi: Jawaharlal Nehru, chosen immediately after Vinoba Bhave.
3. Other Participants and Their Locations
The movement involved participants across India, including:
- Yatiyatanlal Jain in Raipur
- Ramgopal Tiwari in Bilaspur
- Ratnakar Jha in Durg
- Vinoba Bhave was associated with Pawnar.
4. Key Personalities
- Vinoba Bhave
- The first individual selected for the Individual Satyagraha Movement.
- Later established the Sarvodaya Samaj to promote Mahatma Gandhi’s ideals.
- Mahatma Gandhi
- The leader who conceived and launched the Individual Satyagraha Movement.
- The first to use the term “Sarvodaya” (welfare for all).
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