1. For which of the following reason/reasons, Swarajparty founded in India –
1. Withdraw of non-cooperation movements by Mahatma Gandhi.
2. Entering the council and resection the Government of India’s Act of 1919 by not letting them work.
3. Repression by the British Government.
4. It is believed by the Indians that they should feel the experience of administration.
Code :
(a) only 1
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2, and 3
(d) 1, 3 and 4
[U.P Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (b) 1 and 2
- The Indian National Congress, following the orders of Gandhi, refused to participate in the elections of 1920 for Legislative Assemblies both at the Central and Provincial levels which were set up by the Government of India Act of 1919.
- When the Non-Cooperation Movement was put on hold and Gandhi was arrested, a sense of despair took over.
- This led to a disagreement within the Congress at the Gaya session in December 1922 and resulted in the formation of a group within the Congress, called the Swaraj Party, in January 1923.
- The Swarajists decided to enter the Council elections and try to disrupt the Government from within.
- The elections for the Legislative Councils were held in November 1923.
- The Swaraj Party worked to get the Government of India Act of 1919 changed, in hopes of setting up a responsible Government in India.
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2. Who among the following resigned from the presidency of the Congress to make the Swaraj Party?
(a) C.R.Das
(b) Motilal Nehru
(b) Vithalbhai Patel
(d) Pherozeshah Mehta
[U.P. P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (a) C.R.Das
- Congress followed Gandhi’s orders and refused to take part in the elections for the Legislative Assemblies in India in 1920.
- After Gandhi’s arrest and the end of the Non-Cooperation Movement, people felt discouraged.
- This led to a division in Congress during the Gaya session in December 1922.
- Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das formed the Swaraj Party in January 1923, and they wanted to enter the Council elections and try to bring down the government from within.
- Elections to the Legislative Councils were held in November 1923.
- The Swaraj Party worked hard in the Council to push for a responsible government in India and a change in the Government of India Act of 1919.
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3. Swaraj Party was formed after the failure of the :
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Swadeshi Movement
[43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
- Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das set up the Swaraj Party in 1923 after the NonCooperation Movement did not succeed.
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4. Swaraj Party was formed following the failure of the:
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement
(c) Rowlatt Bill Satyagraha
(d) Champaran Satyagraha
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (a) Non-Cooperation Movement
- In 1923, Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das created the Swaraj Party after the NonCooperation Movement did not succeed.
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Q 5. Swaraj Party was formed by:
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) C.R.Das and Moti Lal Nehru
(d) Sardar Patel and Rajendra Prasad
[U.P Lower Sub. (Pre) 1998, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2002, M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2006, Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (c) C.R.Das and Moti Lal Nehru
- In 1923, Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das started the Swaraj Party after the NonCooperation Movement did not succeed.
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6. Who established the Swaraj Party in 1923?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
(d) B.R. Ambedkar
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (c) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
- In 1923, after the NonCooperation Movement did not succeed, Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das founded the Swaraj Party.
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7. ‘Swaraj Dal’ was founded by –
(a) Tilak and Chittaranjan Das
(b) Gandhi and Motilal Nehru
(c) Gandhi and Tilak
(d) Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru
[53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (d) Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru
- Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das created the Swaraj Party in 1923 after the Non-Cooperation Movement did not succeed.
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8. Who among the following was associated with the formation of the ‘Swaraj Party’?
1. Subhash Chandra Bose
2. C.R. Das
3. Jawaharlal Nehru
4. Motilal Nehru
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Code :
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2 and 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (d) 2 and 4
- In 1923, after the NonCooperation Movement failed, Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das set up the Swaraj Party.
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9. What was the name of the party formed by Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das in 1923 A.D.?
(a) Independence Party
(b) Ghadar Party
(c) Swaraj Party
(d) Indian National Party
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) Swaraj Party
- In 1923, Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das created the Swaraj Party after the NonCooperation Movement did not succeed.
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10. Motilal Nehru was the leader of Swaraj Party. Who of the following was not in the Party?
(a) Srinivas Iyer
(b) Chittaranjan Das
(c) Vithalbhai Patel
(d) C. Rajagopalachari
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1993, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]
Ans. (d) C. Rajagopalachari
- Rajagopalachari was not part of the Swaraj Party.
- After the Non-cooperation Movement, the Congress split into two groups
- those who wanted to change things,
- and those who wanted to boycott the legislature.
- The pro-changers, led by C R Das, Motilal Nehru, and Vithalbhai Patel, formed the Swaraj Party in 1923.
- Srinivas Iyengar and N.C. Kelkar was another important leader of the Swaraj Party.
- The biggest success was that Vithal Bhai Patel was elected as the Central Legislative Assembly Speaker.
- Therefore, it is clear that Rajagopalachari was not a member of the Swaraj Party.
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11. Which one of the following was not associated with Swaraj Party?
(a) Motilal Nehru
(b) C.R. Das
(c) N.C. Kelkar
(d) Rajendra Prasad
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (d) Rajendra Prasad
- In 1923, C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru started the Swaraj Party.
- N.C. Kelkar was involved with it, but Dr. Rajendra Prasad was a follower of Mahatma Gandhi so he didn’t join the party.
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12. Who established Swaraj Dal in Bihar?
(a) Shri Krishna Singh
(b) Ramlal Shah
(c) Bankim Chandra Mitra
(d) Sachindra Nath Sanyal
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (a) Shri Krishna Singh
- In Bihar, a group of people started a section of the Swaraj Dal, which was headed by Sri Krishna Singh.
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13. Who among the following supported the Swaraj Party in the Central Legislative Assembly in pre-independent India?
(a) M.A. Jinnah
(b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (a) M.A. Jinnah
- In the November 1923 elections, the Swarajists won 42 out of the 101 elected seats and had a majority in the central provincial assemblies.
- They joined forces with the liberals and the independents such as Jinnah and Malviya.
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14. Which of the following is known as ‘Deshbandhu’?
(a) Chandra Shekhar
(b) Chitranjan Das
(c) A.O. Hume
(d) Annie Besant
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (b) Chitranjan Das
- Chittaranjan Das was lovingly known as ‘Deshabandhu’ (Friend of the Nation).
- He was a lawyer who became famous when he returned to India after completing his studies abroad and worked as a lawyer, defending Sri Aurobindo Ghose in court.
- After the Non-cooperation Movement failed, he became disappointed and suggested a plan to end dyarchy, but Congress did not accept it.
- He then created his own political party, called the Swaraj Party, along with Motilal Nehru.
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15. The famous slogan ‘Swaraj should be for common people not only for classes’ was given by-
(a) C.R. Das
(b) C. Rajagopalachari
(c) Motilal Nehru
(d) Gopi Nath Saha
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (a) C.R. Das
- C.R. Das was the one who said that Swaraj should be for the general public, not just for a certain group of people.
- He believed that Swaraj was a form of government that was created and run by the people, for the people.
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16. When Congress leaders condemned the Montagu-Chelmsford Report, many moderates left the party to form the:
(a) Swarajya Party
(b) Indian Freedom Party
(c) Independence Federation of India
(d) Indian Liberal Federation
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (d) Indian Liberal Federation
- At the conclusion of World War I, the British Government devised a plan of change called the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms.
- It was included in the Government of India Act, of 1919.
- Surendranath Banerji and other members of Congress who were Liberals supported the Montague-Chelmsford reforms.
- The Liberal members then left Congress and formed the Indian Liberal Federation.
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Q 17. Who among the following decided to launch the Independent Party on 16 December 1922? Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
1. Lala Har Dayal
2. Madan Mohan Malviya
3. Mohammed Ali Jinnah
4. Moti Lal Nehru
Code :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 4
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) 2 and 4
- On December 16, 1922, Madan Mohan Malviya and Motilal Nehru chose to start their own political party.
- Madan Mohan Malviya was part of the Hindu Mahasabha and he created the Benaras Hindu University in 1916.
- Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das founded the Swaraj Party
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18. With reference to Lala Lajpat Rai which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. At first he was not in favor of the policy of Non- non-cooperation but later he joined in favor of Gandhi.
2. Lala Lajpat Rai also participated in the formation of the Swaraj Party.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
Codes:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[U.P. B.E.O. (Pre) 2019]
Ans (c) Both 1 and 2
- At first, Lala Lajpat Rai was not happy with the more moderate policies of the Congress Party.
- But in September 1920, Congress held a meeting in Kolkata with Lala Lajpat Rai as the leader and passed a resolution about the noncooperation movement.
- After the ChauraChauri incident in February 1922, Gandhi decided to end the movement.
- Because of this, C.R. Das and Pt. Moti Lal Nehru started the Swaraj Party in January 1923, and Lala Lajpat Rai joined it.
- He left the party when C.R. Das passed away in June 1925. Both options 1 and 2 are correct.
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19. Who was the first Indian Speaker in the Central Legislative Assembly?
(a) Sir Hari Singh Gaur
(b) Vithal Bhai J. Patel
(c) Vallabh Bhai J. Patel
(d) Purushottam Das Tandon
[Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (b) Vithal Bhai J. Patel
- Vithal Bhai Patel was the first Indian person to be the speaker of the Central Legislative Assembly.
- In 1925, he became the president of the assembly.
- He also helped create the Swaraj Party.
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20. The National Leader who was elected President (Speaker) of the Central Legislative Assembly in 1925 was :
(a) Motilal Nehru
(b) C.R. Das
(c) Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) Vitthalbhai Patel
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (d) Vitthalbhai Patel
- Vithal Bhai Patel was the first Indian to be Speaker of the Central Legislative Assembly and he was elected President in 1925.
- He was also a founding member of the Swaraj Party.
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21. Mahatma Gandhi presided over which Session of the Indian National Congress?
(a) 1922
(b) 1924
(c) 1928
(d) 1930
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[63rd B.P.S.C (Pre.) 2017]
Ans (b) 1924
- In 1924, the Indian National Congress held its 39th annual meeting in Belgaum, a city in Karnataka.
- Mahatma Gandhi was the head of this session, which was the only one he presided over.
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22. Who among the following was the President of the Central Legislative Assembly in August 1925?
(a) C. R. Das
(b) Motilal Nehru
(c) M.R. Jayakar
(d) Vithal Bhai Patel
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) Vithal Bhai Patel
- In August 1925, Vithal Bhai Patel was chosen as the leader of the central Assembly.
- He was also one of the people who started the Swaraj Party.
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