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The Interim Government of India (1946)
1. Formation & Leadership
- Head of Government: Jawaharlal Nehru
- Basis of Formation: Cabinet Mission Plan
- Announcement Date: August 24, 1946
- Activation Date: September 2, 1946
- Initial Composition: Formed without the participation of the Muslim League.
2. Key Members and Portfolios (Initial Cabinet)
- Jawaharlal Nehru: Head of Government, External Affairs and Commonwealth Relations
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad: Food and Agriculture
- Asaf Ali: Railways and Transport
- Baldev Singh: Defence
Note on Key Figures Not in the Cabinet:
- B.R. Ambedkar was not a member of the Interim Cabinet.
- Abul Kalam Azad was not a minister in the initial cabinet formed on September 2.
3. Muslim League’s Entry & Cabinet Changes
- Entry Date: October 1946.
- Process: To accommodate the Muslim League, three Congress members (Sarat Chandra Bose, Shafat Ahmad Khan, and Syed Ali Zaheer) resigned.
- Key League Appointment:
- Liaqat Ali Khan was given the Finance portfolio.
- He used this position to impose high taxes on businesses in his budget.
Related Political Context & Events of 1946
1. Muslim League’s Direct Action Day
- Date: August 16, 1946
- Purpose: To demand a separate nation of Pakistan and to protest the formation of the Congress-led Interim Government.
- Outcome: Led to widespread communal riots, with major violence in Noakhali.
2. 1946 Provincial Elections & Governments
- Following the 1946 elections, the Muslim League formed a government in the province of Bengal.
- It was initially a coalition government with the Krishak Praja Party, led by Fazlul Haq.
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