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Coastal Regions of India – Physical Divisions of India Notes with PDF

By October 4, 2025 Educational Resources 0 Comments

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 Basic Facts about India’s Coastline

Measurement & Jurisdiction

  • Mean Sea Level (MSL) Benchmark: Measured from the coast of Chennai.
  • Territorial Waters: Extend 12 nautical miles from the baseline.
  • Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): Extends up to 200 nautical miles from the baseline.

Length & Composition

  • Total Length: Approximately 7,516.6 km.
    • Mainland Coastline: 5,422.6 km.
    • Island Coastline: 2,094 km.
  • Coastal Administrative Units: Bordered by nine states and two union territories.

Historical Terminology

  • ‘Ratnakara’: The term denoted the Indian Ocean in ancient Indian historical geography.

Coastal States & Regions

States with the Longest Coastline

  • Gujarat has the longest coastline in India (approximately 1,600 km).

Coastal Regions – West Coast (from north to south)

  • Konkan Coast: Includes the coastal areas of Maharashtra and Goa.
    • Example Cities: Janjira, Sindhudurg.
  • Kanara Coast: Located in Karnataka.
    • Example City: Udupi.
  • Malabar Coast: Located in Kerala.
    • Example City: Kannur.

Coastal Regions – East Coast

  • Northern Circars: Northern part of the east coast.
  • Coromandel Coast: Stretches across the coasts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
  • Southern Tip: Kanyakumari (formerly Cape Comorin).

Specific Locations & Features

Beaches and their States

  • Digha Beach: West Bengal.
  • Gopalpur Beach: Odisha.
  • Calangute Beach: Goa.
  • Marina Beach: Tamil Nadu.

Historical Sites

  • Tharangambadi, Tamil Nadu: A Danish outpost from 1620 to 1845.

Geographical Features (Western Ghats)

  • Mountain Type: A block mountain.
  • Eastern Slope: Gently lowers into a plateau.
  • Northern Section: Covered by basalt lava (Deccan Traps).

Coastal Processes

Coastal Erosion

  • Primary Cause: Action of waves.
  • Other Contributing Factors: Tides, currents, and tsunami waves.

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