1. At which Congress Session was the working committee authorized to launch a program for Civil Disobedience?
(a) Bombay
(b) Lahore
(c) Lucknow
(d) Tripura
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (b) Lahore
- At the Lahore Session in 1929, the Indian National Congress gave the Congress Working Committee permission to begin a Civil Disobedience Movement.
- Mahatma Gandhi was chosen to lead the Movement at a meeting of the Congress Working Committee in February 1930 at Sabarmati Ashram.
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2. Which one of the following began with the Dandi March?
(a) Home Rule Movement
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Quit India Movement.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (c) Civil Disobedience Movement
- Mahatma Gandhi and his volunteers began their long journey on March 12, 1930, from his ashram in Sabarmati to the coastal village of Dandi, a 241-mile distance.
- It took them 24 days to reach their destination, and once they did, Gandhi disobeyed the salt law and made his own salt by boiling seawater, starting the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- This Movement quickly spread throughout India, and other leaders like C.
- Rajagopalachari followed Gandhi’s lead and marched from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam in Tamil Nadu.
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3. Dandi March was undertaken in :
(a) 1932
(b) 1931
(c) 1929
(d) 1930
[44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (d) 1930
- On March 12, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi left his Sabarmati Ashram with a group of volunteers on the Dandi March.
- This march was 241 miles long, and it took them 24 days to reach the coastal village of Dandi in Gujarat.
- Once there, Gandhi broke the salt law by boiling seawater to make salt, starting the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- This Movement spread all over India, and C.
- Rajagopalachari even led a Salt March from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam in Tamil Nadu.
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4. When did the ‘Dandi March’ begin?
(a) 31 December 1929
(b) 26 January 1930
(c) 12 March 1930
(d) 6 April 1930
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (c) 12 March 1930
- Mahatma Gandhi began his famous Dandi March on March 12, 1930, with his volunteers from Sabarmati Ashram.
- They walked for 241 miles and took 24 days to arrive at Dandi, a coastal village in Gujarat.
- Upon arriving, he broke the salt law by making salt from seawater, starting the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- This Movement spread across India with Gandhi as its leader and C.
- Rajagopalachari followed suit by doing a similar march in Tamil Nadu from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam.
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5. Gandhiji started Dandi March from :
(a) Champaran
(b) Sabarmati
(c) Bardoli
(d) Dandi
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1999, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]
Ans. (b) Sabarmati
- Mahatma Gandhi began his famous Dandi March on March 12, 1930, with some of his most trusted followers from Sabarmati Ashram.
- They marched for 241 miles to the coastal village of Dandi in Gujarat.
- The journey lasted 24 days.
- When they arrived on April 6, 1930, Gandhi broke the salt law by making salt from boiling sea water, which marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- This Movement quickly spread throughout India, with leaders such as C.
- Rajagopalachari organized similar marches in Tamil Nadu, from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam.
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6. Which one of the following provinces had the highest number of Satyagrahis in Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March?
(a) Bihar
(b) Gujarat
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Bengal
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (b) Gujarat
- Mahatma Gandhi and his volunteers marched from Sabarmati Ashram on March 12, 1930, to break the Salt Law at the sea coast of Dandi in Gujarat.
- There were 31 people from Gujarat, 13 from Maharashtra, 8 from Uttar Pradesh, 6 from Kacch, 4 from Kerala, 3 from Punjab, 3 from Rajputana, 2 from Bombay, 1 each from Sindh, Nepal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra, Utkal, Karnataka, Bihar and Bengal.
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7. In which of the following movements women’s participation is considered to be the maximum?
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Salt Satyagraha
(c) Bardoli March
(d) Quit India Movement
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (b) Salt Satyagraha
- Women played a big role in the Civil Disobedience movement.
- Although Gandhi originally had a different idea for women’s roles, they wanted to be more involved.
- Because of their ability to remain non-violent, Gandhi chose them to be part of the movement to protest liquor and foreign cloth shops. Sarojini Naidu led the attack on Dharsana Saltworks.
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8. Who among the following participated in the Salt Satyagraha of Gandhi?
(a) Sarojini Naidu
(b) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
(c) Kamla Devi Chattopadhyaya
(d) All of these
[60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) All of these
- On March 12, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi and around 80 people set off from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi Beach to make salt.
- They arrived at Dandi on April 6th, and Gandhi disobeyed the salt law, beginning the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- Women, including Sarojini Naidu, Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, and Kamladevi Chattopadhyaya, were actively involved in Gandhi’s Salt Satyagraha.
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9. What was the ultimate goal of Gandhiji’s Salt Satyagraha?
(a) Repeal of Salt laws
(b) Curtailment of the government’s power
(c) Economic relief to the common people
(d) ‘Purna Swaraj’ for India
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[63rd B.P.S.C (Pre.) 2017]
Ans (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
- In 1882, the British government passed a law saying that Indians were not allowed to collect or sell salt, forcing them to purchase it at a cost.
- To challenge this law, Gandhi did the Salt Satyagraha, which was aimed at limiting the government’s authority and pushing for the law to be abolished, not for the goal of Purana Swaraj.
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10. In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi started the Civil Disobedience Movement by:
(a) Sevagram
(b) Dandi
(c) Sabarmati
(d) Wardha
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019, I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (b) Dandi
- On March 12, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi and his group of around 80 people began their famous Dandi March from the Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi (in Gujrat).
- After walking 390 kilometers in 24 days, they broke the salt law on April 6, 1930.
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11. For how many days did Dandi March last?
(a) 10 days
(b) 20 days
(c) 24 days
(d) 30 days
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (c) 24 days
- On March 12, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi and around 80 helpers began their famous Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram to the Dandi area of Gujarat.
- After walking 390 kilometers in 24 days, they broke the salt law on April 6, 1930.
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12. With reference to the Civil Disobedience Movement which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Mahatma Gandhi was not punished for violating the salt law.
2. Madan Mohan Malviya, Devadas Gandhi, and K.M. Munsi were punished for violating the salt law.
Select the correct answer from the code given below.
Code:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2016]
Ans (b) 2 only
- Madan Mohan Malviya, Devadas Gandhi, K.M. Munsi, B.G. Kher, Mahadev Desai, C.
- Rajgopalachari, and Vithalbhai Patel were all found guilty of breaking the salt law.
- Meanwhile, Gandhi was arrested for breaking the salt law on April 6, 1930, at Dandi.
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13. The Civil Disobedience Movement started with :
(a) Declaration of Home Rule
(b) Partition of Bengal
(c) Dandi March
(d) Declaration of Poorna Swaraj by the Congress
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (c) Dandi March
- Madan Mohan Malviya, Devadas Gandhi, K.M. Munsi, B.G. Kher, Mahadev Desai, C.
- Rajgopalachari, and Vithalbhai Patel were all found guilty of breaking the salt law.
- Meanwhile, Gandhi was taken into custody on April 6, 1930.
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14. Dandi March started to
(a) Support the salt law
(b) Break the salt law
(c) Support the Rowlatt Act
(d) Oppose the Rowlatt Act
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (b) Break the salt law
- Madan Mohan Malviya, Devadas Gandhi, K.M. Munsi, B.G. Kher, Mahadev Desai, C.
- Rajgopalachari, and Vithalbhai Patel were all found guilty of breaking the salt law.
- On April 6, 1930, Gandhi was arrested at Dandi (Nausari district, Gujarat).
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15. The historic “Dandi March” is associated with–
(a) Boycott of elections
(b) Violation of “Salt Law.”
(c) Hindu-Muslim Unity
(d) Abolition of untouchability
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (b) Violation of “Salt Law.”
- Madan Mohan Malviya, Devadas Gandhi, K.M. Munsi, B.G. Kher, Mahadev Desai, C.
- Rajgopalachari and Vithalbhai Patel were all found guilty of breaking the salt law, and Gandhi was arrested on April 6, 1930.
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16. Which event occurred first?
(a) Dandi March
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Arrival of Simon Commission
(d) Gandhi-Irwin Pact
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (c) Arrival of Simon Commission
-
| Events |
Date |
| Dandi March |
March 12, 1930 |
| Quit India Movement |
August 9, 1942 |
| The arrival of the Simon Commission |
February 3, 1928 |
| Gandhi-Irwin Pact |
March 5, 1931 |
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17. The date April 6, 1930, is known in Indian History for –
(a) Dandi March of M. Gandhi.
(b) First Round Table Conference in London.
(c) Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
(d) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (a) Dandi March of M. Gandhi.
- Mahatma Gandhi started the Civil Disobedience Movement by getting a small amount of salt from Dandi on April 6, 1930.
- Subhash Chandra Bose compared the Movement to Napoleon’s Movement from Elba to Paris.
- An English news reporter made fun of the Movement and asked if it was possible to defeat an Emperor by boiling water in a pot.
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18. Assertion (A): The salt agitation was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930.
Reason (R): Mahatma Gandhi’s object was to make salt available free to the poor.
In the context of the above statements which of the following is correct:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
- On April 6, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi started the Civil Disobedience Movement by breaking a law about salt.
- He had made 11 requests to the Viceroy, including getting rid of the tax on salt and ending the government’s control of salt.
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19. The statement: “I want world sympathy in this battle of Right against Might,” is associated with :
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Gandhi’s Dandi March
(c) Individual Satyagraha
(d) Quit India Movement
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (b) Gandhi’s Dandi March
- Mahatma Gandhi arrived at Dandi village on April 6, 1930, for his Salt Satyagraha campaign.
- He spoke to reporters both from India and abroad and asked for their support in his struggle between what is right and what is powerful.
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20. Which one of the following statements is not correct about Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March?
(a) It was started at Sabarmati Ashram
(b) The march terminated at Dandi, a village beside the sea.
(c) Mahatma Gandhi prepared salt at the seashore.
(d) It was altogether a pedestrian march.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008, U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Mahatma Gandhi prepared salt at the seashore.
- Mahatma Gandhi began the Civil Disobedience Movement after breaking the salt law on the coast of Dandi.
- It was a central part of the Movement because the British government had made it illegal to sell salt and charged a tax on it, which greatly affected the poor.
- He started a 241-mile march from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, the coastal town of Gujarat, with 78-80 of his devoted followers.
- The march lasted 24 days and on April 6, 1930, he arrived at Dandi and went against the salt law intentionally.
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21. Which one of the following statements is not correct about Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March?
(a) It was an altogether pedestrian march.
(b) It started at Sabarmati Ashram and ended at Dandi.
(c) The entire march from Sabarmati was covered in 24 days
(d) The march was started on 15 March 1930
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (d) The march was started on 15 March 1930
- Mahatma Gandhi decided to start the Civil Disobedience Movement after he broke the salt law at the sea coast of Dandi.
- He wanted to protest against the British Government’s decision to make people pay tax for salt and not let them sell it, which heavily impacted the poor.
- On March 12, 1930, he began a 241-mile march from Sabarmati Ashram to Gujarat’s coastal town of Dandi, accompanied by 78-80 volunteers.
- After 24 days of walking, they arrived at Dandi on April 6, 1930, and Gandhi broke the salt law there to show his opposition.
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22. After, the arrest of Gandhiji during Salt Satyagraha, who took his place as the leader of the movement?
(a) Abbas Taiyabji
(b) Abul Kalam Azad
(c) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(d) Sardar Patel
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2012, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2006, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (a) Abbas Taiyabji
- After Gandhi was taken to jail in Sholapur, Abbas Taiyabji took control of the Movement.
- Women also had a major influence in the Movement.
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23. Where was Mahatma Gandhi when a raid was made by Congress volunteers on Dharsana Salt Depot?
(a) In Yerawada Jail.
(b) In Sabarmati Jail
(c) Agha Khan Palace Poona
(d) In Ahmadnagar Fort Jail
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (a) In Yerawada Jail.
- On May 5, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi was taken into custody and sent to Yerawada Jail after Congress volunteers raided the Dharsana Salt Depot.
- Abbas Taiyabji took charge of the Movement following his arrest.
- Sarojini Naidu led the raid on the Depot on May 21, 1930, after Abbas Taiyabji was arrested.
- American journalist Web Miller reported the details of this historical event.
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24. Acharya Vinoba Bhave was arrested for the first time for taking part in :
(a) Bardoli movement
(b) Champaran Satyagraha
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Non-Cooperation Movement
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Civil Disobedience Movement
- Acharya Vinoba Bhave was a close friend of Mahatma Gandhi and participated in many of his movements.
- He was arrested in 1930 for the first time due to his participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
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25. Gandhiji stayed with a foreign journalist in his Sabarmati Ashram during the Dandi March. He was –
(a) Richard Greg
(b) Webb Miller
(c) Kirby Page
(d) Louie Fischer
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2003, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (b) Webb Miller
- Webb Miller was an American journalist who lived with Gandhi in his Sabarmati ashram during the Dandi March.
- He wrote about the terrible things the police did at Dharsana, saying that in all his 18 years as a reporter, he had never seen anything like it.
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26. The name of the foreign journalist who reported about Satyagraha at Dharsana salt works was
(a) Francis Louis
(b) Mark Tully
(c) Web Miller
(d) Philip Sprat
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (c) Web Miller
- In 1930, Gandhi started a demonstration against the Salt Tax as part of his civil disobedience movement.
- He got arrested and put in jail in May of 1930, so his followers marched to the salt works at Dharsana without him.
- Gandhi wanted the protest to be entirely non-violent and told them that even if they were attacked at Dharsana, they should not fight back and should not try to defend themselves.
- This is what journalist Webb Miller saw when he was there.
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27. Who amongst the following Americans was with Mahatma Gandhi during his ‘Dandi March’?
(a) H. N. Brailsford
(b) Webb Miller
(c) G. Slocombe
(d) James Patterson
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Webb Miller
- In 1930, Gandhi started a demonstration against the Salt Tax as part of his non-violent disobedience movement.
- He was arrested and put in prison in May, so his followers marched to the salt works at Dharsana without him.
- He taught that they should not fight back even if they were hit.
- This is what the journalist Webb Miller saw when he was at the Dharsana Salt Works.
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28. Who of the following organized a march on the Tanjore coast to break the Salt Law in April 1930?
(a) V. O. Chidambaram Pillai
(b) C. Rajagopalachari
(c) K. Kamaraj
(d) Annie Besant
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (b) C. Rajagopalachari
- In April 1930, a march known as the Vedaranyam March or Vedaranyam Satyagraha was organized by C.
- Rajagopalachari and a group of volunteers to protest the Salt Tax that the British Empire had imposed on India.
- This march was the second of its kind, following the Dandi March led by Mahatma Gandhi, and was part of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- It started in Trichinopoly (now Tiruchirappalli) and finished at a small coastal town called Vedaranyam in the Tanjore district.
- The marchers broke the Salt Law by collecting salt directly from the sea.
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29. During the Indian freedom struggle, the Khudai Khidmatgars, also known as Red Shirts called for:
(a) The Union of Pakhtun tribal areas in the northwest with the Afghanistan
(b) The adoption of terrorist tactics and methods for terrorizing and finally ousting the colonial rulers
(c) The adoption of communist revolutionist ideology for political and social reform
(d) The Pathan regional nationalist unity and a struggle against colonialism
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (d) The Pathan regional nationalist unity and a struggle against colonialism
- The Khudai Khidmatgar, also known as ‘Red Shirts’, was a group created by Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan in the North-West Frontier province.
- He wanted the Pathan people to stand together against colonialism and also improve the lives of those who earned low wages.
- The Muslims of the North-West Frontier province participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement, while those from the other provinces stayed away from the Satyagraha Movement.
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30. ‘Red Shirt’ organization was founded to
(a) Make independent Pakhtunistan
(b) Fix the construction of Pakistan
(c) Throw out the Britishers
(d) Make India a communist country after the independence
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (c) Throw out the Britishers
- Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan started the ‘Khudai Khidmatgar’, often referred to as the ‘Red Shirts’, in the North-West Frontier province.
- This was to promote local nationalism and fight against colonialism.
- Additionally, they wanted to improve the lives of workers.
- The Muslims of the North-West Frontier province were actively involved in the Civil Disobedience Movement, while Muslims from other provinces stayed away.
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31. The leader of the ‘Lal Kurti’ Movement was –
(a) Maulana Azad
(b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
(c) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(d) Iqbal
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2009, Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (b) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
- The Khudai Khidmatgar, or Red Shirts, was a group of volunteers created by Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan in the North-West Frontier province.
- He wanted the people of the area to come together to fight colonialism and for workers to get better wages.
- The Muslims of North-West Frontier province participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement, while Muslims of other areas stayed away.
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32. The soldiers of the Garhwal Regiment refused to fire on the revolutionaries in –
(a) Khilafat Movement
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Quit India Movement
[U.P. P.C.S. (Spl.) (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Civil Disobedience Movement
- Under Chandra Singh Garhwali’s direction, the Garhwal regiment soldiers chose not to shoot at the unarmed people of Peshawar during the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan was very involved here and his efforts resulted in the Khudai Khidmatgar organization, or ‘Red Shirt.’
- They were a big part of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
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33. Whose name is associated with the ‘Peshawar Incident’ of 1930?
(a) General B. C. Joshi
(b) Major Dhan Singh Thapa
(c) Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali
(d) Prem Shing Negi
[Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2007, Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (c) Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali
- Chandra Singh Garhwali was in charge of a group of Garhwal soldiers who refused to shoot at the unarmed people in Peshawar during the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan was very involved in this area, and his work created the Khudai Khidmatgar organization, also known as the “Red Shirt”.
- This organization had a large part in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
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34. At the time of the National Movement who started the ‘Dash Roja’ periodical?
(a) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(b) Abdul Gaffar Khan
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
[Chhhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (b) Abdul Gaffar Khan
- Abdul Gaffar Khan was the one who began the publication of the ‘Dash Roja’ magazine.
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35. Jiatrang Movement started in :
(a) Nagaland
(b) Tripura
(c) Manipur
(d) Mizoram
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (c) Manipur
- The Naga tribal women Gaidinliu led the tribes of Manipur in the Civil Disobedience Movement, which is called the ‘Jiatrang Movement’.
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36. Agitation against Chaukidari Tax in Begusarai was a part of-
(a) Non-cooperation movement
(b) Civil disobedience movement
(c) Quit India movement
(d) Khilafat movement
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) Civil disobedience movement
- People in Begusarai protested against the Chaukidari Tax as part of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
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37. Who led the Salt Satyagraha in Bhagalpur
(a) Shri Krishna Singh
(b) Mahadev Lal Sarraf
(c) Kumar Mishra
(d) Satyanarayan
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) Mahadev Lal Sarraf
- Mahadev Lal Sarraf, Deep Narayan Singh, Rameshwar Narayan Agrawal, Kailash Behari Lal, and Zeharul Hasan Hashmi led a protest called the Salt Satyagraha.
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38. After the failure of the Civil Disobedience movement, Gandhiji gave importance to :
(a) Constructive programs
(b) Limited use of violence
(c) Negotiation with British
(d) None of the above
[41st B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (a) Constructive programs
- After the Civil Disobedience Movement was unsuccessful, Gandhi put a lot of emphasis on constructive programs.
- In October 1934 Gandhi stopped actively engaging in politics and instead devoted all his time to helping the Harijans.
- In September 1932, Mahatma Gandhi created the All India Anti-Untouchability League to support the Harijans and began publishing a magazine called ‘Harijan’.
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39. Prabhavati Devi was a freedom fighter in which field?
(a) Champaran
(b) Patna
(c) Bhagalpur
(d) Shahabad
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) Patna
- Women from Bihar like Prabhavati Devi, Rajvanshi Devi, Suniti Devi, and Radhika Devi were involved in the fight for freedom.
- Prabhawati Devi was a freedom fighter from Patna.
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