1. In which year Vasco-da-Gama arrived in Calicut?
(a) 1350 A.D.
(b) 1498 A.D.
(c) 1530 A.D.
(d) 1612 A.D.
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (b) 1498 A.D.
- Vasco da Gama arrived in the port of Calicut on the western coast on May 20, 1498 A.D.
- He found a new sea route to India and the king of Calicut welcomed him.
- This voyage of Vasco da Gama allowed for new trading opportunities between Portugal and India.
- He made a lot of money by trading black pepper from India to Europe, which encouraged other Portuguese traders.
- They created trading companies at the ports of Calicut, Goa, Daman, Diu and Hooghly.
- Francisco de Almeida was the first Portuguese Viceroy to come to India in 1505 and Albuquerque became the new Viceroy in 1509.
- He took over Goa from Bijapur ruler Adil Shah in 1510 and the Portuguese made Goa the center of their culture and entity.
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2. When did Vasco-da-Gama come to India ?
(a) 1496
(b) 1497
(c) 1498
(d) 1600
[M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1995, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1992]
Ans. (c) 1498
- Vasco da Gama sailed to the port of Calicut in India on May 20th, 1498 and discovered a route from Portugal to India.
- The King of Calicut welcomed him and his voyage opened up new opportunities for trading between the two countries.
- As a result, the Portuguese merchants began trading pepper from India and profited 60 times more than before.
- They then set up commercial firms in Calicut, Goa, Daman, Diu and Hooghly.
- Francisco de Almeida came to India in 1505 to be the first Portuguese Viceroy, and Albuquerque followed him in 1509 and took control of Goa from Adil Shah.
- The Portuguese then made Goa the center of their culture and activity.
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3. Who was the first Portuguese Viceroy in India?
(a) Diaz
(b) Vasco da Gama
(c) Almeida
(d) Albuquerque
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Almeida
- Vasco da Gama made it to the port city of Calicut on May 20, 1498.
- He had found a way to travel to India by sea and was welcomed by the king of the city.
- His voyage made it possible to do trade between Portugal and India, and as he earned a lot of money from trading black pepper, other Portuguese merchants followed his lead.
- The Portuguese merchants set up businesses in the ports of Calicut, Goa, Daman, Diu and Hooghly.
- Francisco de Almeida was the first Portuguese Viceroy in India while Albuquerque took over the role in 1509.
- He took Goa from the Bijapur ruler Adil Shah in 1510 and it became the centre of Portuguese culture and rule.
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4. Who among the following had welcomed Vasco da Gama at Calicut?
(a) Gasper Correa
(b) Albuquerque
(c) Zamorin
(d) Don Ahnaida
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (c) Zamorin
- Vasco da Gama arrived at the port of Calicut on May 20, 1498 A.D.
- He had found a new way to get to India and was welcomed by the King of Calicut.
- His journey made it easier to do business between Portugal and India. Because of this, Vasco da Gama made a lot of money from selling pepper in Europe.
- Portuguese merchants set up businesses in India at ports like Calicut, Goa, Daman, Diu and Hooghly.
- Francisco de Almeida was the first Portuguese Viceroy to come to India in 1505, and Albuquerque followed him in 1509.
- Albuquerque took Goa from the Bijapur ruler Adil Shah in 1510.
- After this, Goa became the center of Portuguese culture and activity.
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5. Match List- I and List- II and select the correct answer from the code given below :
List- I List- II
(Voyagers) (Countries)
| A. Vasco da Gama |
1. Spain |
| B. Christopher Columbus |
2. Portugal |
| C. Captain Cook. |
3. Holland |
| D. Tasman . |
4. Great Britain |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 3 2 1 4
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 1 4 3 2
(d) 4 3 2 1
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) 2 1 4 3
| A. Vasco da Gama |
Portugal |
| B. Christopher Columbus |
Spain |
| C. Captain Cook. |
Great Britain |
| D. Tasman . |
Holland |
6. Who among the following visitors to India did not belong to the Portuguese country?
(a) Duarte Barbosa
(b) Domingo Paes
(c) Peter Mundy
(d) Fernao Nuniz
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (c) Peter Mundy
- Peter Mundy was a British traveler who visited India during the time when it was being ruled by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
- He wrote about the city of Banaras in his writings.
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7. Who was the real founder of Portuguese power in India?
(a) Vasco da Gama
(b) Albuquerque
(c) Bartholomeu Dias
(d) George Oxdone
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (b) Albuquerque
- Albuquerque was the person who really began Portugal’s power in India.
- In February 1510, he took Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur which made the Portuguese the most powerful in the area.
- He also wanted Portuguese men to marry Indian women so that Portugal would have a stronger presence in India and could create permanent colonies.
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8. At which one of the following places in India did the Portuguese build their first fortress?
(a) Anjidiv
(b) Cannanore
(c) Cochin
(d) Goa
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (c) Cochin
- Alfonso-de Albuquerque (not the Viceroy) built the first Portuguese fortress in Cochin in 1503.
- Francisco de Almeida then built more Portuguese fortresses in Cannanore and Anjidiv in 1505.
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9. Who were the first Europeans to come to India for trade?
(a) Dutch
(b) English
(c) French
(d) Portuguese
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007, U.P. P.C.S. (Spl.) (Mains) 2004, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2000, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1993, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]
Ans. (d) Portuguese
- The Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in India during the Middle Ages.
- Vasco da Gama and his crew traveled a long way and were helped by a Gujarati guide, Abdul Majid, before they landed in Calicut in 1498.
- After that, the other European trading powers that arrived in India were the Dutch, English, Danes, and French.
- The Portuguese stayed the longest, from 1498 until 1961.
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10. Who were the first Europeans to set up sea trade centers in India?
(a) The English
(b) The French
(c) The Portuguese
(d) The Dutch
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) The Portuguese
- The Portuguese were the first Europeans to set up trading ports in India.
- In 1509, their leader Francisco de Almeida captured Diu, which made them the strongest force in the Indian Ocean.
- They then imposed taxes on vessels sailing through their waters, giving them a monopoly over the area.
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11. Among the following factories in Bengal, the one established by the Portuguese was :
(a) Bandel
(b) Chinsurah
(c) Hooghly
(d) Shrirampur
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Hooghly
- In 1534, the Portuguese got permission from Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah (the ruler of Bengal) to build their factories in Satgaon and Chatgaon.
- This led to many Portuguese colonies in Bengal.
- Chatgaon became a major port for the Portuguese, but eventually Satgaon declined and was replaced by Hooghly.
- The Dutch built a fort called Fort Gustavus in Chinsurah, and Shrirampur was a main center for the Danes.
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12. With reference to Pondicherry (Now Puducherry), consider the following statements:
1. The first European power to occupy Pondicherry was the Portuguese.
2. The second European power to occupy Pondicherry was the French.
3. The English never occupied Pondicherry.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (a) 1 only
- The Portuguese were the first Europeans to take control of Pondicherry in India.
- Afterwards, the Dutch took control. The British occupied Pondicherry in 1793, but later gave it to France in 1814 as part of the Treaty of Paris. This means that statement (1) is correct.
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13. Hooghly was used as a base for piracy in the Bay of Bengal by :
(a) Portuguese
(b) French
(c) Danish
(d) British
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (a) Portuguese
- The Portuguese used Hooghly as a place to practice piracy in the Bay of Bengal.
- In 1631-32, Governor Qasim Khan of Bengal, during Shah Jahan’s rule, successfully arrested and locked up thousands of Portuguese.
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14. Who used Hooghly as a base for piracy in the Bay of Bengal?
(a) The Dutch
(b) The French
(c) The Portuguese
(d) The British
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (c) The Portuguese
- The Portuguese used Hooghly as a place to commit piracy in the Bay of Bengal.
- In 1631-32, Qasim Khan, who was the Governor of Bengal during Shah Jahan’s rule, captured and put in jail many Portuguese people.
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15. Which one of the following is connected with ‘The Blue Water policy?
(a) De Almeida
(b) Albuquerque
(c) Dupleix
(d) Robert Clive
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (a) De Almeida
- Francisco de Almeida, the first Viceroy of Portuguese possessions in India, created the “Blue Water” policy, which stated that Portugal should be the only trading power in the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.
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16. Who among the following was the founder of Calcutta?
(a) Charles Ayar
(b) Job Charnok
(c) Garold Angiyar
(d) William Novris
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (b) Job Charnok
- Job Charnock, the leader of the Qasim Bazar business, chose Sutanuti (Calcutta) over Hooghly to be the location of the British trading centre.
- This eventually led to the founding of Kolkata as English colonies.
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17. Who founded Calcutta?
(a) John Surman
(b) Vasco da Gama
(c) Warren Hastings
(d) Job Charnock
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Job Charnock
- Job Charnock, the head of the Qasim Bazar factory, chose Sutanuti (later known as Calcutta) over Hooghly as the place to set up the British trading center.
- This ultimately led to the founding of Kolkata as an English colony.
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18. With reference to the entry of European powers into India, which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) The Portuguese captured Goa in 1499
(b) The English opened their first factory in South India at Masulipatnam
(c) In Eastern India, the English company opened its first factory in Orissa in 1633
(d) Under the leadership of Dupleix, the French occupied Madras in 1746
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (a) The Portuguese captured Goa in 1499
- The Portuguese Governor Albuquerque took over Goa from Bijapur in 1510, not 1499.
- Therefore, choice (a) is the correct response.
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19. The first to start a joint stock company to trade with India was:
(a) Portuguese
(b) Dutch
(c) French
(d) Danish
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (b) Dutch
- The Dutch were the first to begin a joint stock company to do trade with India.
- In the early 1700s, Holland was not very powerful, so the idea of small companies and the Netherlands’ idea of a union was used.
- Parliament agreed to set up a Dutch East India Company in 1602 with an initial amount of 6,500,000 guilder.
- This company was given permission by Parliament to do business and colonize in India and other eastern countries for 21 years.
- The Dutch East India Company was based in Batavia (Jakarta).
- Its partners were made up of private groups, and the company was in charge of the Dutch empire in the east.
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20. In which of the following places the Dutch established their trading centre in India?
(a) Nagappattinam, Chinsura, Machilipatnam
(b) Surat, Bharuch, Agra
(c) Cochin, Ahmedabad, Patna
(d) All the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (d) All the above
Trading centres established by Dutch in India were
| Nagappattinam |
1658 AD |
| Chinsura |
1653 AD |
| Machilipatnam |
1605 AD |
| Surat |
1616 AD |
| Agra |
1621 AD |
| Patna |
1638 AD or 1632 |
|
21. Dutch East India Company established its factory at Patna in which year?
(a) 1601
(b) 1632
(c) 1774
(d) 1651
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) 1632
- The Dutch East India Company opened a factory in Patna in 1632, but it was shut down that same year.
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22. Which one of the following is the correct statement?
(a) The modern Kochi was a Dutch colony till India’s Independence.
(b) The Dutch defeated the Portuguese and built Fort Williams in the modern Kochi.
(c) The modern Kochi was first a Dutch Colony before the Portuguese took over from them.
(d) The modern Kochi never became a part of the British colony.
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (b) The Dutch defeated the Portuguese and built Fort Williams in the modern Kochi
- In 1663, the Dutch won the battle against the Portuguese and erected Fort Williams in current-day Kochi.
- In 1814, Kochi became a part of the British colonies, making option (b) the right response.
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23. The secret of the success of East India Company in India was :
(a) Absence of Nationalism in India
(b) The company army received Western training and they had modern arms.
(c) Indian Soldiers lacked fidelity consequently the one who paid them sufficiently could have them on his service
(d) All the above three
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (d) All the above three
- The East India Company was successful in India due to three main factors.
- It was started by a group in England known as the Merchants Adventures and Queen Elizabeth gave them permission to do business in the East for 15 years in December 1600.
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24. Which of the following British companies got the first charter permitting them to trade in India?
(a) Levant Company
(b) East India Company
(c) The English Company trading to the East Indies
(d) Ostend Company
[U.P.P.S.C. (R.I.) 2014]
Ans. (a) Levant Company
- The Levant Company was given permission by Queen Elizabeth of Britain to do business with India through land routes.
- Later, in 1600, the same company was given the rights to trade with India by sea.
- This company was then combined with another company in 1709, and the new name was the United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies, which was later known as the East India Company.
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25. Which one of the following was the Emperor of India when the British East India Company was formed in London?
(a) Akbar
(b) Jahangir
(c) Shahjahan
(d) Aurangzeb
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012, U. P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (a) Akbar
- In 1599, some merchants held a gathering in London with Lord Mayer as the leader.
- They made a plan to do business with the eastern islands, and they created a company called the Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies.
- This was during Akbar’s rule in India, which lasted from 1556 to 1605.
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26. During the time of which Mughal Emperor did the English East India Company establish its first factory in India?
(a) Akbar
(b) Jahangir
(c) Shahjahan
(d) Aurangzeb
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2009, I.A.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) Jahangir
- The English East India Company first started its business in India in the time of Mughal Emperor Jahangir, setting up a temporary trading post in Masulipatnam in 1611.
- They then opened their first permanent trading post at Surat in 1613.
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27. Where in India did the Britishers set up their first factory in 1613?
(a) Goa
(b) Hooghly in Bengal
(c) Amarkot
(d) Surat
[39th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (d) Surat
- In 1608, Captain William Hawkins arrived at the Mughal Court from Surat but was not successful in obtaining authorization to establish a factory.
- Captain Middleton arrived at Sowlley near Surat and was successful in getting permission to trade from the Mughal Governor, despite the Portuguese opposition.
- Captain Best defeated the Portuguese monopoly when he won the Surat port.
- As a result, the British set up a permanent factory in 1613.
- They increased their trade to other parts of India and quickly established trading posts in Ahmedabad, Burhanpur, Ajmer and Agra.
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28. In the first quarter of the seventeenth century, which of the following was/were the factory/factories of the
English East India Company located?
1. Broach
2. Chicacole
3. Trichinopoly
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3
[I.A.S. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (a) 1 only
| In the early 1600s, the East India Company established factories in Agra, Ahmedabad, Baroda, Broach, Masulipatnam, Armagaon, Hariharpur, Balasore (in Orissa), and Hugli. |
29. The first factory of the East India Company was established at –
(a) Pune
(b) Goa
(c) Pondicherry
(d) Surat
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010, U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]
Ans. (d) Surat
- In the first quarter of the 1700s, the East India Company built factories in Agra, Ahmedabad, Baroda, Broach, Masulipatnam, Armagaon, Hariharpur, Balasore, and Hugli.
- The first factory was built in Masulipatnam
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30. Which of the British officials defeated the Portuguese at Sowlley?
(a) William Hawkins
(b) Thomas Best
(c) Thomas Roe
(d) Josiah Child
[44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) Thomas Best
| The East India Company established several factories in the first quarter of the 17th Century, including Agra, Ahmedabad, Baroda and Broach by 1619, Masulipatnam in 1611 and Armagaon in 1626, Hariharpur and Balasore in 1633 and Hugli in 1651 |
31. Which one of the following European trading companies was the first to establish its factory at Surat?
(a) The Dutch
(b) The English
(c) The French
(d) The Portuguese
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011]
Ans. (b) The English
- The British East India Company was the first to start a business in Surat out of all the European trading companies.
- Jahangir allowed the British to set up a permanent business in Surat in 1613.
- The Dutch followed in 1616 and the French in 1668.
|
32. In the year 1613, where was the English East India Company given permission to set up a factory (trading post)?
(a) Bangalore
(b) Madras
(c) Masulipattam
(d) Surat
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (d) Surat
| In 1613, the English East India Company was allowed to start a trading post in Surat. |
33. Bombay was taken over by the English East India Company from –
(a) The Dutch
(b) The French
(c) The Danish
(d) The Portuguese
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (d) The Portuguese
- In 1661, when Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza, the Portuguese princess, Bombay was given as a wedding present.
- In 1668, Charles II gave Bombay to the British East India Company for a yearly fee of 10 pounds.
|
34. Which English Governor of East India Company in India was expelled by Aurangzeb –
(a) Aungier
(b) Sir John Child
(c) Sir John Gayer
(d) Sir Nicholas Waite
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) Sir John Child
- John Child, the British Governor of Bombay, blocked the ports of Bombay and nearby coastal areas in 1688 and tried to take control of people who were on their way to Mecca.
- Because of this, Aurangzeb ordered him to leave India.
- John Child had to agree to a peaceful solution and kneel down before the Mughal Emperor.
|
35. Which one of the following was the immediate cause of the First Carnatic War?
(a) Anglo-French Rivalry
(b) Austrian War of Succession
(c) Issues of Carnatic Succession
(d) Capture of French ships by the British
[44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (d) Capture of French ships by the British
- The First Carnatic War was caused by the fighting between the British and the French in Europe during the War of Succession in 1740.
- The British Captain Bernett captured some French ships, which led the Nawab Anwaruddin to send an army of 10,000 people under Mahfooz Khan to attack the French in Madras.
- However, the French Army (under Captain Paradise) won the Battle of St. Thome near the Adyar River.
- The War of Austrian Succession ended in 18 Oct 1748 with the Treaty of Aix-Le-Chapelle, and this also ended the First Carnatic War.
- The British regained control of Madras, and the War of St. Thome is remembered from this war.
|
36. Carnatic War was fought between :
(a) English and French
(b) English and Dutch
(c) English and Marathas
(d) Haider Ali and Marathas
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (a) English and French
- The First Carnatic War was caused by a fight between the British and French during the Austrian War of Succession in Europe in 1740.
The British Captain Bernett captured some French ships, which started the war.
- The Nawab Anwaruddin sent 10,000 soldiers to fight the French in Madras, led by Mahfooz Khan.
- The French, under Captain Paradise, defeated the Nawab’s army at the Battle of St. Thome near the Adyar River.
- The war ended in 18 Oct 1748 with the Treaty of Aix-Le-Chapelle, and the British took back Madras.
- This war is remembered for the Battle of St. Thome.
|
37. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists:
List-I List-II
| A. First Carnatic War |
1. Ended by the Treaty of Paris |
| B. Third Carnatic War |
2. Britishers Lost |
| C. Second Carnatic War |
3. Inconclusive War |
| D. First Mysore War |
4. Ended by the Treaty of Aix La Chapelle |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 3 4 2
(b) 2 4 1 3
(c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 3 1 4 2
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (c) 4 1 3 2
The correctly matched list is as follows:
List- I List- II
First Carnatic War – Ended by Treaty of Aix La Chapelle
Third Carnatic War – Ended by Treaty of Paris
Second Carnatic War – Inconclusive War
First Mysore War – Britishers lost
| A. First Carnatic War |
Ended by Treaty of Aix La Chapelle |
| B. Third Carnatic War |
Ended by Treaty of Paris |
| C. Second Carnatic War |
Inconclusive War |
| D. First Mysore War |
Britishers Lost |
38. With reference to the Treaty of “Aix-la-Chapelle-1748” which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. The I Carnatic War ended.
2. The English got back to Madras.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
Codes :
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans (c) Both 1 and 2
- The war in Austria finished with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748.
- This also ended the First War of Carnatic, and the British regained the city of Madras.
- Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.
|
39. Who among the following was the first European to initiate the policy of taking part in the quarrels of the Indian Princess with a view to acquiring territories?
(a) Clive
(b) Dupleix
(c) Albuquerque
(d) Warren Hastings
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (b) Dupleix
- Dupleix was the first one to use tactics later used by the English to gain control over India.
- He was also the first to bring a European army to India and use it to help European countries gain power in Indian politics.
|
Q 40. In India, among the following locations, the French established their earliest factory:
(a) Surat
(b) Pulicat
(c) Cochin
(d) Qasim Bazar
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (a) Surat
- In 1664, Louis XIV’s Finance Minister Colbert created the Compagnie des Indes Orientales, also known as the French East India Company.
- This company was funded by the French government and the first expedition was launched in 1667 under the command of Francis Caron.
- The first factory was then established in Surat in 1668 and a second one was set up at Masulipatnam in 1669 with a charter from Marcara, the Sultan of Golconda.
|
41. French East India Company was constituted during the reign of-
(a) Louis XIV
(b) Louis XIII
(c) Louis XV
(d) Louis XVI
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) Louis XIV
- In 1664, Louis XIV’s Finance Minister Colbert created the ‘Compagnie des Indes Orientales’, a French East India Company which was funded by the government.
- In 1667, Francis Caron headed an expedition for the company and they established their first factory at Surat in 1668.
- The second factory was set up at Masulipatnam in 1669 with the permission of Marcara, the Sultan of Golconda.
|
42. Who among the following is considered the founder of the French Company in India :
(a) Richelieu
(b) Mazarin
(c) Colbert
(d) Franco Martin
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2003]
Ans. (c) Colbert
| Colbert suggested the creation of the business “Compagnie des Indes Orientales” in 1664, so he is known as the founder of the French Company in India. |
43. Which of the following factories of Bengal was established by the Dutch?
(a) Bandel
(b) Chinsurah
(c) Hooghly
(d) Srirampur
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) & (c) Chinsurah & Hooghly
- The Dutch began trading in Bengal in 1627 when they set up a company in Pipali.
- A few days later, they moved to Balasore.
- Trading started properly in 1635 in a factory in Hooghly, and in 1656, Chinsurah village in Hooghly became their main trading spot.
- Other factories were created in Qasim Bazar, Patna, Dhaka, Malda, Balasore, and other places up until the end of the 17th century.
|
44. The French failed to establish power in the Deccan because:
(a) Duplex was not a capable general
(b) The English had a strong army
(c) The French were not liked by the Indians
(d) Pondicherry was not a strategic centre
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (b) The English had a strong army
- Voltaire said that the French did not do well in India because their navy was very weak.
- During the War of Austrian Succession, almost all of the French battleships were gone.
- The British had a much stronger navy with lots of troops.
|
Q 45. The following European Powers entered into Indian trade at one time or the other :
1. The English 2. The Dutch
3. The French 4. The Portuguese
Select the correct chronological order of their entry from the code given below :
Code:
(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 4,2,1,3
(c) 3,4,2,1
(d) 2,3,4,1
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) 4,2,1,3
- European countries came to India in a certain order: Portugal, the Netherlands, England, Denmark, and France.
- The Portuguese had the first company in India in 1498, followed by the Dutch in 1602, the English in 1600, the Danes in 1616, and the French in 1664.
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46. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below the lists:
List- I List- II
| A. Pondicherry |
1. Dutch |
| B. Goa |
2. French |
| C. Tranquebar |
3. Portuguese |
| D. Sadras |
4. Danish (Dane) |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 3 4 1 2
(d) 4 1 2 3
[U.P. R.O./ A.R.O. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (a) 2 3 4 1
The correctly matched list is as follows :
(List-I) (List-II)
Pondicherry – French
Goa – Portuguese
Tranquebar – Danish (Dane)
Sadras – Dutch
Thus, option (a) is the correct code.
| A. Pondicherry |
French |
| B. Goa |
Portuguese |
| C. Tranquebar |
Danish (Dane) |
| D. Sadras |
Dutch |
47. Identify the region from where Europeans got best short (Saltpetre) and opium –
(a) Bihar
(b) Gujarat
(c) Bengal
(d) Madras
[40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (a) Bihar
| The Europeans got the highest quality Saltpetre and opium from Bihar. |
48. During British rule which region of India was famous for the production of opium?
(a) Bihar
(b) Southern India
(c) Gujarat
(d) Assam
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (a) Bihar
| When Britain was in charge, Bihar was well-known for growing opium. |
49. Who, among the following Europeans, was the last to come to pre-independence India as traders?
(a) Dutch
(b) English
(c) French
(d) Portuguese
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (c) French
The sequence of Europeans who came to Pre-independence India as traders is :
| A. Portuguese |
1498 A.D. (Ist factory was established in Cochin in 1503 A.D.) |
| B. Dutch |
1602 A.D. (Ist factory was established in Masulipattanam in 1605 A.D.) |
| C. English |
1599 A.D. (Ist factory was established in 1613 in Surat). |
| D. French |
1664 A.D. (Ist factory was established in 1668 in Surat). |
50. Consider the following
1. Assessment of land revenue on the basis of the nature of the soil and the quality of crops.
2. Use of mobile cannons in warfare.
3. Cultivation of tobacco and red chillies.
Which of the above was/were introduced into India by the English?
(a) Only 1
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) None of these
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (d) None of these
- During the reigns of Sher Shah Suri and Akbar, a way of evaluating land earnings based on the soil type and crop quality was developed.
- The Portuguese were responsible for introducing the growing of tobacco and red chilies to India, and Mughals used mobile cannons in combat.
- Akbar had an ordinance factory that manufactured many types of cannons.
- None of these were brought to India by the English.
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51. With reference to “the causes of the success of the British and failure of the French in India” which of the following statement is/are correct?
1. Getting huge wealth and manpower from the Conquest of Bengal by the British.
2. Naval superiority of the British.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[U.P.R.O. / A.R.O. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2016]
Ans (c) Both 1 and 2
| The British were successful in India for a variety of reasons, including their strong navy, the wealth and manpower they gained from Bengal, and their organized military forces. |
