1. ‘Abhinava Bharat’ a secret society of revolutionaries was organized by :
(a) Khudiram Bose
(b) V.D. Savarkar
(c) Prafulla Chaki
(d) Bhagat Singh
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002, I.A.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (b) V.D. Savarkar
- V.D. Savarkar created a group named ‘Mitra Mela’, which in 1904 joined the secret organization ‘Abhinav Bharat’ in Nasik.
- Savarkar’s opinions were printed in his book ‘The Indian War of Independence’.
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5. The revolutionary organization “Abhinav Bharat’ was set up in 1905 in –
(a) Odisha
(b) Bengal
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Maharashtra
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans.(d) Maharashtra
- Abhinav Bharat was established in 1904 in Nasik, Maharashtra.
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9. Who among the following started the ‘Mitra Mela’ union?
(a) Shyamji Krishna Verma
(b) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
(c) Lala Hardayal
(d) Sohan Singh Bhakana
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (b) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
- Vinayak Damodar Savarkar established ‘Mitra Mela’ in the city of Nasik in the Indian state of Maharashtra in 1904.
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10. Which of the following statements is/are true about V.D. Savarkar?
(i) He founded Abhinav Bharat – A revolutionary organization.
(ii) In order to inspire Indian nationalists, he wrote the biography of Mazzini.
(iii) He also authored “The Indian War of Independence – 1857” which provides a nationalist view of the revolt of 1857.
(iv) He jumped into the sea from the sailing ship in order to escape British captivity.
Choose the correct answer :
(a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(b) Only (iii) and (iv)
(c) Only (i), (iii) and (iv)
(d) Only (i) and (iv)
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Re. Exam) (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
- While studying in Pune, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar started the ‘Abhinav Bharat Society’.
- He wrote a book called ‘The Indian War of Independence’ and said that British rule in India was wrong and unfair.
- This book made him one of the first people to say that the 1857 uprising was India’s ‘First War of Independence’.
- To motivate Indian nationalists, Savarkar wrote a biography of Mazzini.
- He was arrested and sent back to India from England on a ship.
- He tried to escape by jumping off the ship into the sea, but he was caught again.
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11. In which year the Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh was founded by Hedgewar?
(a) 1927
(b) 1929
(c) 1924
(d) 1925
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (d) 1925
- Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh was started by Keshav Baliram Hedgewar on 27 September 1925 in Nagpur.
- It was made to teach people and bring the Hindu community together.
- Its main office is in Nagpur.
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12. Yugantar Party was led by –
(a) Jatindranath Mukherjee
(b) Sachindranath Sanyal
(c) Rasbehari Bose
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (a) Jatindranath Mukherjee
- The Yugantar Party (also linked to the Jugantar revolutionary group) was primarily led by Jatindranath Mukherjee (popularly known as Bagha Jatin).
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13. Who founded the ‘Anushilan Samiti’?
(a) P. Mitra
(b) Varindra Ghosh
(c) V.D. Savarkar
(d) Narendra Gosain
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) P. Mitra
- In 1902, Gyanendra Nath Basu founded the Anushilan Samiti in Midnapur.
- Later, in March, Satish Chandra Basu established the first branch in Calcutta, followed by a second branch in the same year, created by Pramath Nath Mitra, Jatindra Nath Mukherjee (Bagha Jatin), and Barindra Nath Ghose.
- Yugantar (led by Barindra Ghosh & Jatindranath Mukherjee) was its militant offshoot.
- Pulin Bihari Das set up another Anushilan Samiti in Dhaka in October 1906.
- Hemchandra Kanungo opened a secret bomb factory for the Anushilon Samiti at Maniktala near Kolkata.
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14. Who established a branch of Anushilan Samiti at Patna in 1913?
(a) Rewati Nag
(b) Yadunath Sarkar
(c) Sachindra Nath Sanyal
(d) Mazharul Haque
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[63rd B.P.S.C (Pre.) 2017]
Ans. (c) Sachindra Nath Sanyal
- Sachindra Nath Sanyal established a branch of the Anushilan Samiti in Patna in 1913.
- He played a key role in expanding the revolutionary network in Bihar and was associated with the Gadar Party and later the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).
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15. Activities of Barindra Ghosh had given birth to a secret revolutionary organization named as-
(a) Anushilan Samiti
(b) Swadeshi Bandhawa Samiti
(c) Brati Samiti
(d) Sadhawa Samaj
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (a) Anushilan Samiti
- Barindra Ghosh was the younger brother of Sri Aurobindo Ghosh.
- He was influenced by his brother and got involved in revolutionary activities.
- In 1905, he wrote a piece in the book ‘Bhawani Mandir’ about setting up a spot for organizing revolutionary works.
- He and Bhupendra Nath Dutt helped spread revolutionary ideas in Bengal, which in turn led to the formation of a revolutionary organization called Anushilan Samiti.
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19. The Barrah dacoity was the first major venture of the revolutionary terrorists of the freedom movement in:
(a) Bombay-Karnataka
(b) Punjab
(c) East Bengal
(d) The Madras Presidency
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (c) East Bengal
- Pulin Behari Das built a school in Dhaka that was meant to create a revolutionary army.
- In 1908, he also planned and executed a raid on the home of a wealthy landowner in Dhaka, East Bengal.
- He was arrested in 1908 in connection with the Alipore Bomb Case and deported to the Andaman Cellular Jail.
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20. When did the attempt to murder Kingsford was made at Muzaffarpur?
(a) 1908
(b) 1909
(c) 1907
(d) 1911
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (a) 1908
- Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki went to Muzaffarpur in Bihar to kill Kingsford, a government official.
- They planned to do this by waiting outside the European Club on April 30, 1908.
- When a carriage left the club, they threw bombs at it.
- Unfortunately, instead of Kingsford, two British women, Mrs. and Miss Kennedy, were in the carriage and they were killed.
- Khudiram and Prafulla tried to escape, but Prafulla shot himself when the police caught up to them at the Samastipur Railway station.
- Khudiram was later arrested and hanged.
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21. Muzaffarpur Bombing Case (1908) is associated with –
(a) Savarkar
(b) Ajit Singh
(c) Prafulla Chaki
(d) Bipin Chandra Pal
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (c) Prafulla Chaki
- On April 30, 1908, revolutionaries Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose attempted to assassinate British magistrate Kingsford (notorious for harsh sentences on nationalists) by throwing a bomb at his carriage in Muzaffarpur, Bihar.
- Kingsford survived, but two British women were mistakenly killed.
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22. Who was given life punishment for the murder of Colonel Wyllie?
(a) Madan Lal Dhingra
(b) Udham Singh
(c) Bhagat Singh
(d) Manmathanath
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[63rd B.P.S.C (Pre.) 2017]
Ans (a) Madan Lal Dhingra
- Sir William Hutt Curzon Wyllie was an officer in the British Indian army.
- He was killed on July 1, 1909 in London by Madanlal Dhingra.
- He was sentenced to death and hanged at Pentonville Prison on August 17, 1909.
- Udham Singh – Avenged the Jallianwala Bagh massacre by killing Michael O’Dwyer (1940).
- Bhagat Singh – Involved in the Saunders Murder Case (1928) and Lahore Conspiracy.
- Manmath Nath Gupta – Revolutionary linked to Kakori Conspiracy.
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23. The revolutionary, who was not involved in the Hardinge Bomb incident?
(a) Master Amir Chand
(b) Bhagwati Charan Vohara
(c) Bhai Balmukund
(d) Avadh Bihari
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (b) Bhagwati Charan Vohara
- On 23rd December 1912, a bomb was thrown at the Viceroy Lord Hardinge when his procession was moving from Chandni Chowk.
- The Viceroy got wounded but survived. Following the incident, a trial was conducted named the Delhi Conspiracy case, in which Bhai Bal Mukund, Basant Kumar Biswas, Amir Chand, and Avadh Bihari were convicted and sentenced to death and hanged by the British Raj for their role in the Delhi Conspiracy case.
- Rash Behari Bose was involved but escaped.
- Bhagwati Charan Vohra was associated with the Hindustan socialist republican association.
- He wrote an article ‘The Philosophy of Bomb’. Vohra died in Lahore on 28 May 1930 while testing a bomb on the Banks of the River Ravi.
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24. Aurobindo Ghosh was brilliantly defended in the Alipore Conspiracy Case by –
(a) Chittaranjan Das
(b) W.C. Banerjee
(c) Motilal Nehru
(d) Tej Bahadur Sapru
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012, U. P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (a) Chittaranjan Das
- In 1908, the Alipore Conspiracy Case saw 39 people, including Aurobindo Ghosh and his brother Barindra Ghosh, arrested for having illegal guns and bombs.
- 17 people were given sentences; however, Aurobindo Ghosh was defended and let go successfully by Chittaranjan Das.
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25. Which of the following statements is true about the active revolutionary movement in India during the years of World War?
(a) Chandrashekhar Azad founded the Anushilan Samiti
(b) Bhagat Singh was the founder of Naujawan Bharat Sabha.
(c) Prafulla Chaki established the Hindustan Republican Association.
(d) Surya Sen Organized the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
(e) Shachindranath Sanyal was the founder of Yungantar.
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (b) Bhagat Singh was the founder of Naujawan Bharat Sabha.
- Bhagat Singh founded Naujawan Bharat Sabha in March 1926, and Anushilan Samiti was founded by P. Mitra and Pulin Das.
- Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was founded in 1924 by Sachindra Sanyal, Ram Prashad Bismil and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee in Kanpur.
- Chandra Shekhar Azad led the formation of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in September 1928 at Firozshah Kotla Maidan of Delhi.
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26. Which year ‘Hindustan Republican Association was set up –
(a) 1920
(b) 1924
(c) 1928
(d) 1930
[40th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1995]
Ans. (b) 1924
- The people fighting for revolution in Northern India were disappointed when the Non-Cooperation Movement was stopped.
- They got together in Kanpur in October 1924 and started the Hindustan Republican Association, led by Sachindranath Sanyal (President) and Ramprasad Bismil, Jogesh Chatterjee, Chandra-Shekhar Azad and others
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28. Who among the following was not a member of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA)?
(a) Bhagat Singh
(b) Chandra Shekhar Azad
(c) Ram Prasad Bismil
(d) Shiv Verma
[U.P.P.C.S (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Shiv Verma
- Shiv Verma was not part of the Hindustan Republican Association.
- He joined its newer version, the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
- People like Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, and Ramprasad Bismil were all members of the HRA before.
- Shiv Verma was given a life sentence because of his involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy.
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29. Who amongst the following revolutionaries refused to drink the given milk on the eve of his execution and said “Now, I shall take my mother’s milk only.” ?
(a) Rajguru
(b) Ashfaqualla
(c) Ramprasad Bismil
(d) Bhagat Singh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (c) Ramprasad Bismil
- Ramprasad Bismil was put to death for his part in the Kakori Conspiracy.
- He refused to drink milk which was offered to him.
- Right before he was hanged, he recited a poem as he was a skilled poet.
- UPPSC initially chose the answer (c) to this question, but later on it was taken away from the answer sheet.
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30. Who penned the following lines? “Sarfaroshi ki tamanna ab hamare dil me hai Dekhna hai zor kitna baju-e-qatil me hai”.
(a) Bismil
(b) Rajguru
(c) Bhagat Singh
(d) Azad
[56th to 59th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) Bismil
- This patriotic poem was written by Bismil Azimabadi (Not to be confused with Ram Prasad Bismil, who popularized it.).
- It was published in the “Sabah” Magzine of Gazi Abdul Gaffar in 1922.
- It talks about the desire for freedom that is in our hearts and how much strength it takes to achieve
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32. Who among the following was hanged in the Kakori conspiracy case by English Government-
(a) Bhagat Singh
(b) Ram Prasad Bismil
(c) Chandra Shekhar Azad
(d) Batukeshwar Dutt
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) Ram Prasad Bismil
- Shachindra Nath Sanyal, Ram Prasad ‘Bismil’ and Chandra Shekhar Azad created the Hindustan Republican Association in October 1924.
- This group robbed the government treasury at Kakori, a place near Lucknow and Saharanpur, on August 9, 1925.
- This event is known as the Kakori Conspiracy. 29 revolutionaries were captured, and Ram Prasad Bismil, Asfaqullah, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Lahiri were hanged.
- Azad was the only member of HRA who was never arrested by the British Government.
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35. Among the following revolutionaries not associated with Kakori Conspiracy –
(a) Ram Prasad Bismil
(b) Roshan Singh
(c) Bhagat Singh
(d) Asfaqullah Khan
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Bhagat Singh
- Bhagat Singh was not associated with the Kakori Conspiracy.
- He was younger at that time and later became active with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).
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36. Who among the following was not associated with the Kakori incident?
(a) Ram Prasad Bismil
(b) Surya Sen
(c) Rajendra Lahiri
(d) Ashfaq Ullah
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (b) Surya Sen
- Surya Sen, also known as Masterda, was not associated with Kakori. He later led the Chittagong Armoury Raid (1930) in Bengal.
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37. Who among the following revolutionaries escaped from the Kakori case?
(a) Schindra Nath Bakshi
(b) Mukundi Lal
(c) Chandra Shekhar Azad
(d) Mamathnath Gupta
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (c) Chandra Shekhar Azad
- On 9 August 1925, this organization looted the treasury of the Government at Kakori, which is a place in the Lucknow-Saharanpur section of the northern railway. This incident is known as the Kakori Conspiracy.
- 29 revolutionaries were arrested, with Ram Prasad Bismil, Asfaqullah, Roshan Singh, and Rajendra Lahiri being hanged while Chandra Shekhar Azad wast the only member of HRA who escaped arrest.
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39. Who among the following was the Government advocate in Kakori Conspiracy Case?
(a) Mohan Lal Saxena
(b) Jagat Narain Mulla
(c) Krishna Bahadur
(d) Prabhat Chandra
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (b) Jagat Narain Mulla
- Jagat Narayan Mulla was chosen by the Court to be the public prosecutor.
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40. In the Kakori Conspiracy Case, the main accused Pt. Ram Prasad Bismil was hanged in which city of Uttar Pradesh?
(a) Varanasi
(b) Gorakhpur
(c) Kanpur
(d) Lucknow
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (b) Gorakhpur
- Pt. Ram Prasad Bismil was put to death in Gorakhpur jail on December 19th 1927 in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.
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41. “Daro-deewar pe hasrat ki nazar karte hain, khush raho ahle-vatan ham to safar karte hain.’’ was said by:
(a) Ashfaqullah Khan
(b) Bahadur Shah Zafar
(c) Ramprasad Bismil
(d) Wazid Ali Shah
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (d) Wazid Ali Shah
- This phrase was spoken by the last ruler of Awadh, Wazid Ali Shah.
- Indian freedom fighters sang this poem during their time in jail and when facing the death penalty.
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42. Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was formed by:
(a) Subhash Chandra Bose
(b) Ras Bihari Bose
(c) Chandra Shekhar Azad
(d) Sardar Bhagat Singh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (c) Chandra Shekhar Azad
- The Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was founded in 1924 by Ram Prasad Bismil, Sachindra Nath Sanyal, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee.
- Later in 1928, under the influence of socialist ideas, it was reorganized and renamed as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) by Chandra Shekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru.
- In December of 1928, Bhagat Singh, Chandrasekhar Azad, and Rajguru killed a Police Superintendent in response to his orders to use a lathi charge on a procession against the Simon Commission.
- Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt also threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly on April 8th, 1929, during a discussion about trade disputes and safety bills.
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44. Who among the following threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly on April 8, 1929, to make the deaf British Government hear?
1. Bhagat Singh
2. Sukhdev
3. Rajguru
4. Batukeshwar Datta
Select the answer from the code given below:
Code :
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1 and 4
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (d) 1 and 4
- In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly while they were discussing trade disputes and safety bills.
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45. How old was Bhagat Singh when he threw a bomb in the assembly in protest against the government?
(a) 21 years
(b) A little more than 21 years
(c) 25 years
(d) A little more than 25 years
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (b) A little more than 21 years
- Bhagat Singh was an important leader in India’s fight for independence.
- He was born in September 1907 and, when he was 21 years old, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw a bomb at the Central Legislative Assembly on 8th April 1929.
- He was executed on 23rd March 1931.
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46. One of the founder leaders of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army was –
(a) B.R. Ambedkar
(b) Bhagat Singh
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose
(d) Jai Prakash Narayan
[42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (b) Bhagat Singh
Founder leaders of HSRA (1928):
- Chandra Shekhar Azad – Supreme Commander
- Bhagat Singh
- Sukhdev Thapar
- Shivaram Rajguru
- Jai Gopal
- Kundan Lal Gupta
- Dr. Jatindra Nath Das
- Batukeshwar Dutt
- Manmath Nath Gupta (associated with earlier HRA, later in HSRA activities)
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47. Who among the following changed the name of the Hindustan Republic Association established by Sachindra Nath Sanyal to Hindustan Socialist Republican Association –
(a) Rasbihari Bose
(b) Batukeshwar Dutt
(c) Sardar Bhagat Singh
(d) Chandrasekhar Azad
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (d) Chandrasekhar Azad
- The earlier HRA (1924) was founded by Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Sachindra Nath Sanyal, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, but after Kakori, the younger revolutionaries led by Chandrasekhar Azad reorganized it as HSRA in Delhi.
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49. How revolutionary Chandrasekhar Azad was killed by the Britishers –
(a) By Hanging
(b) By Stabbing
(c) By bullets in the encounter
(d) By putting down Army Jeep
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (c) By bullets in the encounter
- On February 27, 1931, Alfred Park in Allahabad was surrounded by police.
- True to his vow that he would never be captured alive by the British, Azad used his last bullet to shoot himself.
- He was the only member of the HSRA who was never arrested.
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50. Who gave the ‘Inquilab Zindabad’ slogan?
(a) Iqbal
(b) M.K. Gandhi
(c) Bhagat Singh
(d) S.C. Bose
[U.P. U.D.A. / L.D.A. (Pre) 2010, 45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Bhagat Singh
- Maulavi Hasrat Mohani created the phrase “Inquilab Zindabad” [Long Live Revolution].
- Bhagat Singh was the first to use it and it became well-known among Indians who were fighting for independence.
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53. Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were executed on –
(a) 23 March 1931
(b) 23 March 1932
(c) 23 March 1933
(d) 23 March 1934
[45th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (a) 23 March 1931
- To protest an Act, Bhagat Singh and his friends detonated a small bomb in the assembly hall on April 8, 1929, without hurting anyone.
- The investigation into Bhagat Singh’s involvement in the murder of a British officer was sped up by Viceroy Irwin in 1930, and he was sentenced to death along with Rajguru and Sukhdev in the Lahore conspiracy case.
- On March 17, a telegram was sent changing their execution date from March 24 to March 23, and they were executed on March 23, 1931.
- This day is remembered as Shaheed Diwas (Martyrs’ Day) in India.
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55. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were sentenced to death in –
(a) Alipur conspiracy case
(b) Lahore conspiracy case
(c) Kakori conspiracy case
(d) Kanpur conspiracy case
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (b) Lahore conspiracy case
- Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru were sentenced to death in the Lahore Conspiracy Case (1929–1931) for the killing of British police officer J.P. Saunders and for their revolutionary activities.
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57. Bhagat Singh’s memorial is situated at –
(a) Ferozpur
(b) Amritsar
(c) Ludhiana
(d) Gurdaspur
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (a) Ferozpur
- Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were executed by the British Government on 23 March 1931 and their funerals took place near the Sutlej River in Ferozpur district.
- Now there is a memorial for Shaheed Bhagat Singh in that same spot, and every year on 23rd March, many people come to honour them.
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58. Which of the following revolutionary was not hanged for Lahore Conspiracy –
(a) Batukeshwar Dutt
(b) Sukhdev
(c) Sardar Bhagat Singh
(d) Rajguru
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]
Ans. (a) Batukeshwar Dutt
- Governor-General set up a special court for the Lahore conspiracy.
- In October 1930, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were given the death penalty.
- On March 23, 1931, they were executed.
- Batukeshwar Dutt was sent to the Cellular Jail (Andman) for punishment.
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60. Name the first recorded Muslim who was hanged for Indian freedom
(a) Mohammad Ali
(b) Shaukat Ali
(c) Ashfaq Ullah Khan
(d) Azizuddin
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) Ashfaq Ullah Khan
- Ashfaqullah Khan (one of the key leaders of the Kakori Conspiracy, 1925) was the first Muslim to be sentenced to death in the Indian freedom struggle at the age of 27 on 19th December 1927 in Faizabad Jail.
- He was born on 22nd October 1900 in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
- If we include the 1857 revolt, then Azizuddin was the first Muslim to be executed as he and 6 other Mughal princes were hung at the Delhi Gate after the British suppressed the Delhi revolt.
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61. Given below is a list of some cases. Select their correct chronological order by using the codes given at the end:
1. Lahore case
2. Kakori case
3. Meerut case
4. Kanpur case
Code :
(a) 1, 3, 2 and 4
(b) 2, 4, 3 and 1
(c) 1, 4, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 4, 3 and 2
[U.P.P.S.C.(GIC) 2010]
Ans. (c) 1, 4, 2 and 3
- In 1916, the first Lahore Conspiracy case took place after the Ghadar Movement.
- In 1930, the second Lahore Conspiracy occurred, involving Bhagat Singh and others.
- In 1924, the Kanpur Conspiracy, 1925 the Kakori Conspiracy, and in 1929, the Meerut Conspiracy happened.
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62. Who among the following was NOT associated with the Kanpur Conspiracy Case of 1924?
(a) Muzaffar Ahmed
(b) Nalini Gupta
(c) Shaukat Usmani
(d) M.A. Ansari
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (d) M.A. Ansari
- The Kanpur (Communist) Conspiracy Case, 1924 was aimed at prosecuting leaders accused of spreading communist ideas in India. Main accused in the case: Muzaffar Ahmed, Nalini Gupta, Shaukat Usmani, S.A. Dange, Phillip Spratt (British communist)
- M.A. Ansari (a Congress leader, not a communist revolutionary) was not associated with this case.
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63. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Delhi Conspiracy Case – Amirchand
(b) Kakori Conspiracy Case – Ashfaqualla
(c) Lahore Conspiracy Case – Jatin Das
(d) Nasik Conspiracy Case – Ras Bihari Bose
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (d) Nasik Conspiracy Case – Ras Bihari Bose
- The Delhi Conspiracy Case was linked to Amirchand, the Kakori Conspiracy Case was connected to Ashfaqualla, and the Lahore Conspiracy Case was related to Jatin Das.
- Ras Bihari Bose was part of the Delhi Conspiracy Case.
- The Nasik Conspiracy Case was associated with Anant Lakshman Karkare, however, this option is incorrect.
- V.D. Savarkar started the Abhinav Bharat Society in 1904 and one member of the organization, Anant Lakshman Karkare, killed the District Magistrate of Nasik (Jackson) on December 21, 1909.
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64. Which of the following trials attracted worldwide publicity and drew sympathetic comments from Albert Einstein? H.G. Wells, Harold Laski, and Roosevelt in favor of the convicts?
(a) INA trial
(b) Lahore conspiracy case
(c) Meerut conspiracy case
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) Meerut conspiracy case
- In March 1929, the Government of Lord Erwin arrested 31 Labor leaders of the working-class movement, and the 3 1/2 year trial resulted in the conviction of Muzaffar Ahmed, S.A. Dange, Joglekar, Philip Spratt, Ban Bradley, Shaukat Usmani, and others.
- The trial got worldwide publicity. The trial drew sympathetic comments from Albert Einstein, H.G. Wells, Harold Laski, and Roosevelt in favor of the convicts.
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65. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Howrah Conspiracy Case – 1910
(b) Victoria Conspiracy Case – 1914
(c) Lahore Conspiracy Case – 1916 and 1930
(d) Kakori Conspiracy Case – 1924
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (d) Kakori Conspiracy Case – 1924
- The Kakori Revolution was a rebellion against British rule in India, led by Ram Prasad Bismil and carried out by Chandrashekhar Azad, Sachindra Sanyal, Manthan Nath Gupta, Rajendra Lahiri, and others on the 9th of August 1925.
- This train robbery took place in Kakori.
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66. Match list-I with list-II and choose the correct answer from the code given below –
| List-I |
List-II |
| A. Howrah Conspiracy case |
(i) Master Ami Chand (Amir Chand) |
| B. Lahore Conspiracy case |
(ii) Arvind Ghosh |
| C. Delhi Conspiracy case |
(iii) Jatindranath Mukherjee |
| D. Alipore Conspiracy case |
(iv) Rajguru |
Code –
(a) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)
(b) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)
(c) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
(d) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(i)
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (c) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
- The Indian independence struggle saw several major conspiracy cases, each of which was associated with a prominent leader.
- The Howrah Conspiracy case was associated with Jatindranath Mukherjee, the Lahore Conspiracy case with Raj Guru, the Delhi Conspiracy case with Master Amir Chand, and the Alipore Conspiracy case with Arvind Ghosh.
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67. Muzaffar Ahmad, S.A. Dange, Shaukat Usmani, and Nalini Gupta were jailed for which conspiracy?
(a) Kakori train heist
(b) Chattagaon Armoury raid
(c) Meerut conspiracy case
(d) Kanpur Bolshevik conspiracy case
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (d) Kanpur Bolshevik conspiracy case
- When Socialism became popular in India in the 1930s, the Government tried to stop it.
- They arrested socialist leaders like Shripad Amrit Dange, Muzaffar Ahmad, Shaukat Usmani, and Nalini Gupta and accused them of being involved in the Kanpur conspiracy, even though they weren’t guilty.
- These leaders were all sentenced to four years in prison.
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69. Which of the following was associated with the Chittagong Armoury Raid?
(a) Surya Sen
(b) Bhagat Singh
(c) Ram Prasad Bismil
(d) Ashfaqullah
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (a) Surya Sen
- Surya Sen, also known as “Master Da”, organized an attempt to raid the armory of police and auxiliary forces at Chittagong in Bengal and established the Indian Republican Army (IRA).
- On April 18, 1930, members of the IRA, including Surya Sen, Ganesh Ghosh, Lokenath, Nirmal Sen, Ambika Chakrobarty, Naresh Roy, Kalpana Dutt, Anand Gupta, and Tegrabal, put the plan into action.
- On April 22, there was a battle between the government forces and the IRA in which 80 soldiers and 12 revolutionaries died.
- Surya Sen was arrested on February 16, 1933, and was sentenced to death, being hanged on January 12, 1934.
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71. Martyr of the least age in the War of Independence was –
(a) Sukhdev
(b) Ashfaqullah Khan
(c) Khudiram Bose
(d) Hemu Kalani
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1992]
Ans. (c) Khudiram Bose
- Sukhdev was 24 years old when he was hanged in 1931. Ashfaq Ullah Khan was hanged in 1927 at 27 years old.
- Khudiram Bose was the youngest, only 18 years and 8 months old when he was hanged in 1908.
- Hemu Kalani was 19 years old when he was hanged in 1943.
- Therefore, Khudiram Bose was the youngest when he was hanged during the struggle for Independence.
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72. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
| List- I |
List- II |
| A. Abhinav Bharat Society |
1. Sri Aurobindo Ghosh |
| B. Anushilan Samiti |
2. Lala Hardayal |
| C. Gadar Party |
3. C.R. Das |
| D. Swaraj Party |
4. V.D. Savarkar |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 4 1 3 2
(b) 1 4 3 2
(c) 1 4 2 3
(d) 4 1 2 3
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (d) 4 1 2 3
- V.D. Savarkar started the Abhinav Bharat Society, while Shishir Kumar Ghosh and Sri Aurobindo Ghosh created the Anushilan Samiti.
- Lala Hardayal established the Gadar Party in San Francisco, and Motilal Nehru and C.R Das started the Swaraj Party.
|
73. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer from the code given below:
| List- I |
List- II |
| (Organizations) |
(Founders) |
| A. Abhinava Bharat |
1. V.D. Savarkar |
| B. Mitra Mela |
2. G.D. Savarkar |
| C. Indian Republican Army |
3. S.N. Sanyal |
| D. Hindustan Republic Association |
4. S. Sen |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 4 2 3 1
(d) 2 1 4 3
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (d) 2 1 4 3
- Abhinav Bharat belongs to V.D. Savarkar and Mitra Mela is also linked to V.D. Savarkar.
- Indian Republican Army is connected to Surya Sen and Hindustan Republic Association is associated with S.N. Sanyal.
|
74. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer:
| List- I |
List- II |
| A. Chittagong Armoury raid |
1. Lala Hardayal |
| B. Kakori Conspiracy |
2. Jatin Das |
| C. Lahore Conspiracy |
3. Surya Sen |
| D. Ghadar Party |
4. Ram Prasad Bismil |
| |
5. Vasudeo Phadke |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 3 4 1 5
(b) 4 3 2 5
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 2 4 3 1
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans.(c) 3 4 2 1
- The Chittagong Armoury Raid, led by Surya Sen in April 1930, was an armed raid by Indian revolutionaries to overthrow the British Raj.
- The Kakori Conspiracy of August 1925, headed by Ram Prasad Bismil, was an attack on a train carrying British officials and funds.
- The Lahore Conspiracy of 1929, led by Jatin Das, was a plan to overthrow the British Raj.
- The Ghadar Party, founded in 1913 by Lala Haradayal, was a group of Indians living abroad who wanted to overthrow the British Raj.
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75. On what charge was Jatin Das arrested:
(a) Meerut Conspiracy
(b) Peshawar Conspiracy
(c) Lahore Conspiracy
(d) Chittagong Armed Dacoity
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (c) Lahore Conspiracy
- In 1921, Jatin took part in Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement.
- Soon after, he met revolutionaries who taught him how to make bombs, which he used to help Bhagat Singh and his comrades.
- On June 14th, 1929, Jatin was arrested for his involvement in the Lahore Conspiracy Case.
- To fight for better jail conditions, Jatin then went on a hunger strike, which lasted 63 days.
- Unfortunately, Jatin passed away on September 13th due to the hunger strike.
|
77. Match the following on the basis of the end of lives of the following revolutionaries
| A. Jatin Das |
1. During life imprisonment |
| B. Chandrashekhar Azad |
2. Hunger strike |
| C. Bhagat Singh |
3. During encounter |
| D. Kalpana Datt |
4. Hanged |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 3 2 4 1
(b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 2 3 1 4
(d) 3 4 1 2
(e) 1 2 4 3
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (b) 2 3 4 1
- Jatin Das was known for his 63-day hunger strike in protest of the draconian colonial laws.
- Chandrashekhar Azad was shot down by British police during an encounter.
- Bhagat Singh was sentenced to death and was famously hanged in 1931.
- Kalpana Datt was jailed and passed away during her life imprisonment.
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78. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists :
| List- I |
List- II |
| A. Chittagong Armoury Raid |
1. Kalpana Dutt |
| B. Abhinav Bharat |
2. Guru Ram Singh |
| C. Anushilan Samiti Savarkar |
3. Vinayak Damodar |
| D. Kuka Movement |
4. Aurobindo Ghosh |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 3 4 2
(b) 1 3 2 4
(c) 3 1 2 4
(d) 3 1 4 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (a) 1 3 4 2
- The following list is accurate: Chittagong Armoury Raid – Kalpana Dutt was arrested along with Surya Sen and received a life sentence.
- Abhinav Bharat – Vinayak Damodar Savarkar.
- Anushilan Samiti – Aurobindo Ghosh.
- Kuka Movement – Guru Ram Singh
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79. Under whose chairmanship a committee was formed to defend the accused in Kakori Case?
(a) Acharya Narendra Dev
(b) Govind Ballabh Pant
(c) Chandrabhanu Gupta
(d) Motilal Nehru
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (b) Govind Ballabh Pant
- Defence Committee was formed to fight the case of the revolutionaries accused in the Kakori Conspiracy Case (1925).
- This committee was chaired by Govind Ballabh Pant, with participation from prominent leaders like Motilal Nehru, Chandrabhanu Gupta, and others who provided legal and financial support.
|
80. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists:
| List- I |
List- II |
| (Associations) |
(Founders) |
| A. Revolt group |
1. Rama Prasad Bismil |
| B. Hindustan Republican Association |
2. Chandra Shekhar Azad |
| C. Hindustan Socialist Republican Association |
3. Lala Lajpat Rai |
| D. Punjab Naujawan Bharat Sabha |
4. Bhagat Singh |
| |
5. Surya Sen |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 3 4 5
(b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 4 5 2 3
(d) 5 1 2 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]
Ans. (d) 5 1 2 4
- Surya Sen started a revolt group and is credited with his revolutionary movement in Chittagong, Bengal.
- Ram Prasad Bismil was a member of the Hindustan Republic Association and had a big part in the Kakori conspiracy.
- Chandra Shekhar Azad started the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
- Bhagat Singh joined the HRA in 1925 and also founded the Punjab Naujawan Bharat Sabha.
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81. Who among the following was NOT an early member of the ‘Naujawan-Sabha’ formed in 1926 A.D.?
(a) Bhagat Singh
(b) Yaspal
(c) Chhabil Das
(d) Ambika Chakravarti
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre.) 2021]
Ans (d) Ambika Chakravarti
- Naujawan Bharat Sabha was a group in India that wanted to start a revolution against the British rulers.
- The group was started by Bhagat Singh in March 1926 and was part of the Hindustan Republican Association.
- Ambika Chakravarti was a part of the Chittagong Jugantar Party and was involved in Surya Sen’s Chittagong Armoury Raid.
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82. Given below is a list of organizations. Select those engaged in revolutionary activities, using the codes given below the lists:
1. Abhinav Bharat
2. Anushilan Samiti
3. New Nationalist Party
4. Indian Patriot Association
Code :
(a) 1, 2, and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (b) 1 and 2
- Abhinav Bharat founded by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and his brother in 1904, engaged in revolutionary activities e.g. Nasik Conspiracy Case (1909) where A.M.T. Jackson, the British Collector of Nasik, was assassinated.
- Anushilan Samiti founded in Bengal, led by Barindra Kumar Ghosh and others, carried out revolutionary actions e.g. carried out the Alipore Bomb Case (1908)
- New Nationalist Party was not a revolutionary outfit; it was formed by Surendranath Banerjee in 1917, more moderate in nature.
- Sir Saiyad Ahmed Khan created the Indian Patriotic Association in 1888 to oppose the Congress.
|
83. Who propounded the doctrine of ‘Passive Resistance’?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Aurobindo Ghosh
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Aurobindo Ghosh
- Aurobindo Ghosh wrote a book called “Vande Mataram” in which he proposed the idea of “Passive Resistance”.
|
84. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below:
(1) Subhash Chandra Bose formed the Forward Block
(2) Bhagat Singh was one of the founders of the Hindustan Republican Socialist Association
Code :
(a) Only 1 is correct
(b) Only 2 is correct
(c) Both 1 and 2 are correct
(d) None of these
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (c) Both 1 and 2 are correct
- On May 3rd, 1939, Subhash Chandra Bose left his role as President of Congress and created the “Forward Block”.
- In 1928, Chandra Shekhar Azad formed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association at Feroz Shah Kotla Ground in Delhi.
- Bhagat Singh was one of the first members of the organization.
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86. Who among the revolutionary leaders attempted to assassinate Charles Tegart – the hated Police Commissioner of Calcutta?
(a) Sachindranath Sanyal
(b) Rajendra Lahiri
(c) Chandrashekhar Azad
(d) Gopinath Saha
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (d) Gopinath Saha
- Charles Tegart was the Police Commissioner of Calcutta and was known for being cruel.
- On January 12th, 1924, Gopinath Saha tried to kill him but shot the wrong person, a white woman named Mrs. Enest’s day.
- Saha was arrested and executed in March 1924.
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88. Which one of the following was an extremist?
(a) Feroz Shah Mehta
(b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(c) Bipin Chandra Pal
(d) None of the above
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (c) Bipin Chandra Pal
- Bipin Chandra Pal was a part of an extremist group.
- He showed that Indian culture and civilization was superior to that of the West.
- He was one of the famous trio, along with Lala Lajpat Rai and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, known as the “Lal-Bal-Pal”.
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89. Who among the following female revolutionaries fired at the English Governor (Chancellor) while receiving her degree at the convocation?
(a) Shanti Ghosh
(b) Suniti Chaudhary
(c) Bina Das
(d) Kalpana Dutta (Joshi)
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (c) Bina Das
- In December 1931, two teenage girls from Bengal, Shanti Ghosh and Suniti Chaudhary killed a district magistrate with a gun.
- In February 1932, Bina Das shot at the English Governor while getting her degree at a graduation ceremony.
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90. Who said, “Criticism and independent thought are the two characteristics of a revolutionary”?
(a) Bhagat Singh
(b) Ram Prasad Bismil
(c) Sachindranath Sanyal
(d) Bhagwati Charan Vohra
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (a) Bhagat Singh
- Bhagat Singh’s words were sensible and logical.
- He encouraged people to think and be critical of everything.
- He said that being critical and being able to think independently are essential for a revolution.
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91. Who among the following founded the “Lathi Club”?
(a) Bhagat Singh
(b) Lal Lajpat Rai
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Bipin Chandra Pal
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2016]
Ans (c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak created things like the Lathi Club, Hindu Akhada, Ganapati Mahotsava, and Shivaji Mahotsav.
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