UPSC Indian Modern History 12 (Old Year Questions)

Ans d
Tripura became involved in the freedom struggle early in the 20th century because there were already some groups (Bengal revolutionary armies) who were fighting against the Kingship ‘and its protector, the British.

Ans c
In 1915, Gandhiji returned from South Africa, and in 1917, at Champaran (Bihar) he experimented the Satyagraha to alleviate the problems of indigo cultivators.

Ans a
Kalpana Dutt and Preeti Lata Waddedar were associated with Chittagong Armoury Raid in 1930, under the leadership of Surya Sen. Abhinav Bharat was as revolutionary organisation founded by V.D. Savarkar in 1904, Aurobindo Ghosh was associated with Anushilan Samiti, which was founded by Sisir Kumar Ghosh in Bengal. Kuka Rebellious movement was organized by Ram Singh in Punjab in 1863.

Ans b
The system in which Land allotted to a big landlord was called Jagirdari System, (jagirdar = landlord). The system in which land allotted to revenue farmers of rent collectors (Zamindars) was Zamindari System. The land allotted to each peasant with the right to sublet, mortgage transfer, girt or sell was called as Ryotwari System, as individual farmer had the owning rights. (Mahal = Village) If revenue settlement was made at village level, then it was called as Mahalwari System.

Ans na
The Quit India Movement which was started on 8 August, 1942 had, unprecedent involvement of peasant community which made the struggle more fierce. Thus Lord Linlithgow described this movement as the most serious rebellion since Sepoy Mutiny.

Ans c
Early nationalists fought for the rights of the common man also. The reason for narrow social base of the early Nationalist movement was, the organization in those starting days was weak and at any point the British could crush it. So, leaders confined to mere prayers and petitions.

Ans d
It was Subhash Chandra Bose during his Presidential address in 1938, advocated the introduction of Roman Script for Hindu Language..

Ans a
During the Partition of India, Punjab province came forward with a plan for a United and Independent existent. But due to Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel’s effort, Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU) became a part of Indian Union.

Ans c
British Government authorized Lord Mountbatten to resolve the situation as early as possible. It is he who felt that the situation had deteriorated so much, that the creation of Pakistan appeared inevitable.

Ans b
Sarojini Naidu was second woman to preside over the Congress in 1925, first woman was Annie Besant in 1917, C. R. Das presided over Congress from Prison in 1921. A.O. Hume was the founder of Indian National Congress. But he never presided over the Congress. Sir Alfred Webb was the President of Madras Session of Congress in 1894.

Ans a
Diarchy was introduced at the centre but not in the provinces. Diarchy was introduced in the province through GOI act, 1919 but it was abolished by the GOI act, 1935.

Ans b
Statement 1 and 2 are correct.
The events between May 1916 to January 1919 give us the background of the establishment of the Satyagraha Sabha in Bombay under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. The newly started Home League was the leading force in all these events, which prepared the ground for the April Satyagraha. The Satyagraha Sabha was organised with Mr. Gandhi as President, Mr. Horniman as Vice-President, and the leading Home Rulers on the Committee
Simon Commission was dispatched to India in 1928 way after Rowlett Satyagraha.

Ans d
Dadabhai Naoroji, R. C. Dutt, Ranade, Gokhale, G. Subramania Iyer, were among those who grounded Indian nationalism firmly on the foundation of anti-imperialism by highlighting economic critique of colonialism.

Ans d
Important features were consistent and militant anti-imperialism, anti-landlordism, the organization of workers and peasants in trade unions and kisan sabhas, the acceptance of a socialist vision of independent India and of the socialist programme of the economic and social transformation of society.
They were to give the Congress and the national movement a socialist direction; and that to achieve this objective they must organize the workers and peasants in their class organizations, wage struggles for their economic demands and make them the social base of the national struggle. They preferred methods adopted by Congress.
1st and 2nd statements can be related to radical communism in India during 1920 to 40. 3rd statement is also not related to CSP.

Ans b
GOI Act, 1919, relaxed the central control over the provinces by demarcating and separating the central and provincial subjects. The central and provincial legislatures were authorised to make laws on their respective list of subjects.

Ans b
C. Rajagopalachari led Salt Disobedience march from Tiruchirapally to Vedaranniyam (off Tanjore coast).

Ans b
Sarojini Naidu was first Indian woman President while Annie Besant was first woman President.

Ans a
The Cabinet Mission recommended a loose three-tier confederation. India was to remain united. It was to have a weak central government controlling only foreign affairs, defence and communications with the existing provincial assemblies being grouped into three sections while electing the constituent assembly: Section A for the Hindu majority provinces, and Sections B and C for the existing provincial of the north-west and the north-east (including Assam) respectively. The sections or groups of provinces would comprise various regional units. They would have the power to set up intermediate-level executives and legislatures of their own.

Ans a
Surat split of 1907 was the result of differences from Bengal partition protest strategy.

Ans d
The CR formula entailed: I. The League was to endorse the Indian demand for independence and to co-operate with the Congress in formation of Provisional Interim Government for a transitional period. II. At the end of the War, a commission would be appointed to demarcate the districts having a Muslim population in absolute majority and in those areas plebiscite to be conducted on all inhabitants (including the non-Muslims) on basis of adult suffrage. III. All parties would be allowed to express their stance on the partition and their views before the plebiscite. IV. In the event of separation, a mutual agreement would be entered into for safeguarding essential matters such as defence, communication and commerce and for other essential services. V. The transfer of population, if any would be absolutely on a voluntary basis. VI. The terms of the binding will be applicable only in case of full transfer of power by Britain to Government of India.