1. The branch of Physics that deals with the motion of very small particles is called :
(a) Field Theory
(b) Particle Physics
(c) Quantum Mechanics
(d) Atomic Physics
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2003]
Ans. (c) Quantum Mechanics
- Quantum Mechanics is the part of physics that studies how tiny particles move.
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2. The field of science which studies automation and communication between humans and machines is called-
(a) Hydroponics
(b) Cryogenics
(c) Dietetics
(d) Cybernetics
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (d) Cybernetics
- Cybernetics is a field of study that looks at how systems like machines, bodies, and societies function.
- It studies how when a system changes its environment, that environment then changes the system.
- Norbert Wiener, the founder of Cybernetics, defined it as the science of control and communication in both animals and machines.
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3. The science of time measurement is :
(a) Horology
(b) Cosmology
(c) Tomography
(d) Hydrology
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (a) Horology
- Horology is the skill or knowledge of measuring time.
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4. The study of friction and lubrication is-
(a) Cryogenics
(b) Selenology
(c) Horology
(d) Tribology
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (d) Tribology
- Tribology is a part of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science that focuses on the concepts of friction and lubrication.
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5. In which field of science, we will learn about the White Dwarf?
(a) Astronomy
(b) Agriculture
(c) Genetics
(d) Anthropology
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (a) Astronomy
- White Dwarf is a term used in astronomy.
- It is also called a Degenerate Dwarf.
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6. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) The special rubber tyres of aircraft are made slightly conducting.
(b) The blue waves scatter more than violet waves of light so that the sky appears blue not violet.
(c) A comb run through one’s wet hair does not attract small bits of paper.
(d) Vehicles carrying inflammable material usually have metallic ropes touching the ground.
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (b) The blue waves scatter more than violet waves of light so that the sky appears blue not violet.
- The purple waves sent out more light than the blue ones.
- The sky is blue because purple, indigo and blue are the colors that scatter the most.
- The other answers are correct.
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7. National Physical Laboratory is situated in –
(a) New Delhi
(b) Chennai
(c) Bengaluru
(d) Kolkata
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (a) New Delhi
- The National Physical Laboratory is located in New Delhi.
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8. National Chemical Laboratory is situated at :
(a) Lucknow
(b) New Delhi
(c) Pune
(d) Hyderabad
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Mains) 2015]
Ans. (c) Pune
- The National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) in Pune was created in 1950 and is part of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
- CSIR-NCL is a research, development, and consulting organization that is based on science and knowledge.
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9. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research is located in
(a) Bangalore
(b) Kolkata
(c) Delhi
(d) Mumbai
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (d) Mumbai
- It is our responsibility to make our own country great by creating remarkable research-focused schools, like some other countries have done.
- This was the goal that Homi Bhabha had in mind when he established the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai on June 1, 1945, with the help of Sir Dorabji Tata.
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10. The full form of LASER is-
(a) Log amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
(b) Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
(c) Locally amplified by stimulated emission of radiation
(d) light amplification by stimulated emission of radio
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (b) Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
- LASER stands for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”.
- It is a device that produces light using a process of optical amplification which is based on the emission of electromagnetic radiation.
- The first LASER was made in 1960 by Russian scientists N.S. Basov and A.M. Prokhorov, and C.H. Towers provided the theoretical basis for it in 1965.
- These three people were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work.
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11. Laser is a device for producing –
(a) Spontaneous radiation
(b) Dispersed radiation
(c) Scattered radiation
(d) Stimulated radiation
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (d) Stimulated radiation
- A laser is a tool that creates light through stimulated radiation.
- The term “laser” stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
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12. The world’s highest ground-based telescopic observatory is located at :
(a) Colombia
(b) India
(c) Nepal
(d) Switzerland
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (b) India
- Currently, the highest telescope observatory in the world is the University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory, located at an altitude of 5,640 m in the Atacama Desert of Chile.
- However, before that, the highest telescope observatory was in India near Leh in Ladakh, at a height of 4,500 m.
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13. Who is the scientist in whose honour the “Chandra X-ray telescope” has been named –
(a) Chandrashekhar Venkat Raman
(b) Jagdish Chandra Bose
(c) Prafulla Chandra Roy
(d) Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (d) Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
- The Chandra X-ray telescope was sent into space on July 23, 1999, on the Columbia Space Shuttle.
- This telescope was named after an Indian American-Astrophysicist called Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar.
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14. Who is the first astronaut in space?
(a) Yuri Gagarin
(b) Alan Shephard
(c) S. Titov
(d) John Yung
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (a) Yuri Gagarin
- On April 12th 1961, Yuri Gagarin from Russia became the first person to go into space in a Russian spacecraft called Vostok-1.
- About a month later, Alan Shepard became the first American to go into space.
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15. Who among the following is the world’s first woman cosmonaut :
(a) Bachendri Pal
(b) Junko Tabei
(c) Valentina Tereshkova
(d) Sally Ride
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl) (Pre) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Valentina Tereshkova
- Yuri Gagarin was the first man to go to space, and Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman on June 16, 1963 when she launched on the Vostok-6 mission.
- She stayed in space for almost three days and circled Earth 48 times.
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16. Moon is –
(a) A Star
(b) A Planet
(c) A Satellite
(d) A Meteorite
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (c) A Satellite
- The Moon is the only satellite that orbits Earth.
- It is the fifth biggest satellite in the solar system.
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17. Who is the author of ‘Nuclear Reactor Time Bomb’ –
(a) C.C. Park
(b) E. P. Odum
(c) S.. Polasky
(d) Takashi Hirose
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (d) Takashi Hirose
- Takashi Hirose wrote the book ‘Nuclear Reactor Time Bomb’ in 2010.
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18. Match list-I with List- II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list:
| List- I |
List – II |
| A. Revolver |
1. Alfred Nobel |
| B. Dynamite |
2. Pascal |
| C. Law of Cooling |
3. Colt |
| D. Law of pressure |
4. Newton |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 3 2 4
(b) 1 3 4 2
(c) 3 1 2 4
(d) 3 1 4 2
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2009]
Ans. (d) 3 1 4 2
- The correctly matched order is :
| List-I |
List-II |
| Revolver |
Samuel Colt |
| Dynamite |
Alfred Nobel |
| Law of Cooling |
Newton |
| Law of Pressure |
Pascal |
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19. Which of the following pairs is used to form the terminals of a normal torch cell?
(a) Zinc Carbon
(b) Copper Zinc
(c) Zinc Cadmium
(d) Carbon Copper
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (a) Zinc Carbon
- Most flashlights use dry cells, which have a zinc anode and a carbon cathode.
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20. A.T.M. means –
(a) Automatic Transaction Machine
(b) Automatic Transfer Machine
(c) Automated Teller Machine
(d) Advance Transaction Machine
[U.P.R.O/A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (c) Automated Teller Machine
- An ATM is a machine that lets you do banking stuff like taking out cash and checking your bank account.
- The acronym stands for Automated Teller Machine.
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21. Which technology of the 21st century can do wonders in device miniaturization?
(a) Atomic laser technique
(b) Nanotechnology
(c) Gynecology
(d) Hydroponics
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (b) Nanotechnology
- Nanotechnology is the study, engineering, and use of very small things, with each one being only 1 to 100 nanometres in size (1 nanometre = 10-9).
- We can use nanotechnology to make tiny devices and tools.
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22. A particle having at least one dimension less than 10–7 metre, is known as
(a) Micro particle
(b) Milli particle
(c) Nano particle
(d) Macro particle
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (c) Nano particle
- Nanoparticles are particles that are smaller than 10-7 meters in at least one dimension.
- A nanoparticle is an object that has one of its features in the range of 1 – 100 nanometers (10-9 – 10-7 meters).
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23. The size of the nanoparticle ranges between :
(a) 100 nm to 1000 nm
(b) 0.1 nm to 1 nm
(c) 1 nm to 100 nm
(d) 0.01 nm to 0.1 nm
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]
Ans. (c) 1 nm to 100 nm
- A nanoparticle is a tiny piece of matter that is between 1 and 100 nanometers (nm) wide.
- It can also refer to bigger particles that are up to 500 nm, or fibers and tubes that are not more than 100 nm in two directions.
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24. ‘Nano plug’ refers to :
(a) A small bullet
(b) A small hearing aid
(c) A small rocket launcher
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re. Exam) 2015]
Ans. (b) A small hearing aid
- Nano plug is a tiny hearing aid that is almost invisible.
- It consists of very small components and a tiny battery.
- The settings can be adjusted using a computer program and then the new settings are sent to the device with a cable.
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25. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) Nanoear can detect sound levels as low as – 120 dB.
(b) Nanoear can detect sound as low as – 60 dB.
(c) Nanoear consists of a single silica nanoparticle.
(d) Nanoear consists of single silver nanoparticle.
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (b) Nanoear can detect sound as low as – 60 dB.
- In 2012, scientists from Munich University in Germany created the first “nanoear”, which can detect sounds on a very tiny scale.
- It can pick up sounds which are much softer than those that humans can hear.
- The nanoear is made from a gold nanoparticle that is held in place with optics.
- It can pick up vibrations at a power level as low as -60dB.
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26. Who among the following gave the term ‘Nanotechnology’ and when?
(a) Richard Feynman – 1959
(b) Norio Taniguchi – 1974
(c) Eric Drexler – 1986
(d) Sumio Iijima – 1991
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (b) Norio Taniguchi – 1974
- Norio Taniguchi was a professor at Tokyo University who coined the term ‘Nanotechnology’ in his research paper that was published in 1974.
|
27. With reference to carbon nanotubes, consider the following statements :
1. They can be used as carriers of drugs and antigens in the human body.
2. They can be made into artificial blood capillaries for an injured part of human body.
3. They can be used in biochemical sensors.
4. Carbon nanotubes are biodegradable.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (c) 1, 3 and 4 only
- Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are made of graphite and are shaped like tiny tubes that measure nanometers in diameter.
- They have been used in medicine and pharmacy because they have a large surface area that can absorb or connect with many different drugs, genes, vaccines, antibodies, and sensors.
- They have also been proven to be an effective way of delivering drugs directly into cells without being altered by the body, which means statement 1 is correct.
- NASA showed off their carbon nanotube array sensors, which were reported on by The Hindu in September 2019.
- The Delhi-based researchers created a very sensitive sensor that is able to detect myeloid leukaemia cells that are resistant to multiple drugs. This means that statement 3 is correct.
- Studies have shown that there are multiple bacteria and enzymes that can break down carbon nanotubes, graphene and their related substances.
- This means that more species with this ability are likely to be found in the future.
- However, a research paper published in Science Daily in 2015 showed that non-functionalized carbon nanotubes, both soluble and surface-bound, are not safe for the blood.
- This is because they can cause blood platelet activation, which can be dangerous and lead to clotting.
- Scientists are still researching on carbon nanotubes and 3D bioprinting to create artificial blood vessels, but it has yet to be successful. This means that statement 2 is wrong in this context.
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28. With reference to the use of nanotechnology in the health sector, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Targeted drug delivery is made possible by nanotechnology.
2. Nanotechnology can largely contribute to gene therapy.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Both 1 and 2
- Nanotechnology is an area of research that is growing quickly and has a lot of potential in many different industries, such as healthcare, construction, and electronics.
- In medicine, it has the potential to totally change the way drugs are delivered, gene therapy is done, and how diseases are diagnosed and treated.
- Nanotechnology makes it possible to deliver drugs in different forms, like dendrimers, liposomes, nanoshells, emulsions, nanotubes, and quantum dots, for the treatment of different diseases.
- It is also very important for diagnosing and treating cancer.
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29. The most important property of nanomaterials is –
(a) Force
(b) Friction
(c) Pressure
(d) Temperature
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2013]
Ans. (b) Friction
- Nanomaterials have a very important quality called friction.
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30. A quantum dot is :
(a) Electron microscopy image of nanostructures smaller than 1 nanometre
(b) Nanoscale analogue of radio antennas
(c) A fictional nanorobot
(d) A semiconductor nanostructure
[R.A.S./ R.T.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (d) A semiconductor nanostructure
- Quantum dots are very small, nanoscale semiconductor structures that have special optical and electronic features based on their size and composition.
- They are usually around 1.5-10 nm in size.
- Over the past few years, quantum dot (QD) technology has been used in many different electronic and medical applications due to their special characteristics which include increased light stability, size-related optical properties, brightness, and a high level of colour contrast.
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31. Arrange the following products/examples of nanotechnology in ascending order of the four generations of nanotechnology [I → IV] and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
A. Aerosol
B. 3D networking
C. Molecular manufacturing
D. Targeted drugs
Code :
(a) D, A, B, C
(b) D, A, C, B
(c) A, B, C, D,
(d) A, D, B, C
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (d) A, D, B, C
- The products/examples of Nanotechnology listed from least to most advanced:
- Products of first – Aerosols, Colloids, generation Polymers, Ceramics
- Products of second – Targeted drugs, 3-D generation transistors, Amplifiers
- Products of Third – Robotics, 3-D Networking generation
- Products of Fourth – Molecular manufacturing generation
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32. The ‘Nano hummingbird’ is –
(a) A new species of hitherto undiscovered hummingbird
(b) An extremely small electric car that can take 3600 turn.
(c) A pocket sized unmanned spy plane developed in the U.S.A.
(d) A new variety of honey bee.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (c) A pocket sized unmanned spy plane developed in the U.S.A.
- AeroVironment Inc. developed a small, remote-controlled flying machine in the U.S. that looks and moves like a hummingbird – called the Nano Hummingbird or Nano Air Vehicle (NAV).
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33. What is the location of the Enron Power Project?
(a) Kalol
(b) Ahmednagar
(c) Virar
(d) Dabhol
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (d) Dabhol
- The Dabhol Power Company was established to operate the Dabhol Power Plant.
- It was created through the combined effort of Enron, GE, and Bechtel.
- It is located in Dabhol Guhagar Taluka, in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra.
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34. The theme of the Indian Science Congress 2001 was :
(a) Food nutrition and environmental security
(b) Arrest declining interest in pure sciences
(c) Make India energy self-sufficient
(d) Make India I.T. Superpower
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (a) Food nutrition and environmental security
- The 88th Indian Science Congress conference took place in New Delhi from 3 to 7 January, 2001 and focused on ‘Food, Nutrition, and Environmental Security’.
- In 2020, it was hosted by the University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK campus, Bengaluru, and focused on ‘Science and Technology: Rural Development’.
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35. Which one of the following organizations won the CSIR Award for Science and Technology (S&T) Innovations for Rural Development, 2006?
(a) CLRI
(b) IARI
(c) NDDB
(d) NDRI
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (a) CLRI
- On September 26, 2006, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh presented the CSIR award for Science and Technology Innovations for Rural Development at Vigyan Bhawan in New Delhi.
- In 2014, the award was given to CSIR- CIMAP in Lucknow.
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36. Which one of the following organizations is not related to science and technology?
(a) DST
(b) CSIR
(c) ICSSR
(d) DAE
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (c) ICSSR
- The Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, and the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India are all different organizations.
- The Indian Council of Social Science Research is not related to science and technology.
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37. Which of the following statements is/ are correct regarding the National Innovation Foundation–India (NIF)?
1. NIF is an autonomous body of the Department of Science and Technology under the Central Government.
2. NIF is an initiative to strengthen the highly advanced scientific research in India’s premier scientific institutions in collaboration with highly advanced foreign scientific institutions.
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (a) 1 only
- NIF is an independent organization associated with the Department of Science and Technology of the Indian government.
- It began working in March 2000 to support local technological innovations and traditional knowledge in India.
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38. Match list-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists :
| List- I |
List – II |
| A. Chevron |
1. Wind energy |
| B. AT&T |
2. Oil |
| C. AMD |
3. Telephone, Internet |
| D. Enercon Gmbh |
4. Microprocessor |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 2 1 4 3
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 2 3 4 1
(d) 4 1 2 3
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (c) 2 3 4 1
| List-I |
List-II |
| Chevron |
Oil |
| AT&T |
Telephone, Internet |
| AMD |
Microprocessor |
| Enercon Gmbh |
Wind energy |
- Chevron Corporation is an American company that works with oil, natural gas, and geothermal energy all around the world, with its headquarters in San Roman, California.
- AT&T is an American telecommunications company with its headquarters in Dallas, Texas.
- AMD (Advanced Micro Device) Inc. is an American semiconductor company founded in 1969 by Jerry Sanders and seven of his colleagues, based in Sunnyvale, California.
- ENERCON Gmbh is a wind turbine manufacturer that was set up in 1984 by Aloys Wobben and is now the fourth largest in the world.
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39. ‘Dakshin Gangotri’ is located in –
(a) Uttarakhand
(b) Arctic
(c) Himalaya
(d) Antarctica
[48th to 52nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (d) Antarctica
- India’s first permanent research station in Antarctica, Dakshin Gangotri, was set up in 1984 and shut down in 1990.
- MAITRI, India’s second research station, was completed in 1989.
- BHARATI, India’s third and most recent permanent research station, is located in the Larsemann Hill area near Prydz Bay, between Storns and Broknes Peninsula.
- It was opened on March 18th, 2012.
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40. The first Indian Station set up for Antarctic research is called :
(a) Dakshin Gangotri
(b) Dakshini Yamunotri
(c) Antarctica
(d) Godavari
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (a) Dakshin Gangotri
- Dakshin Gangotri is the first research base in Antarctica that India built.
- It is very far away from the South Pole and is located 1,600 miles (2,500 km) away.
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41. The recent research station set up in the Antarctica is called :
(a) Bharti
(b) Dakshin Gangotri
(c) Maitri
(d) None of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (a) Bharti
- In 2015, India created a research station in Antarctica called Bharati.
- This is India’s third research center in Antarctica.
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42. The term ‘IndARC’, sometimes seen in the news, is the name of :
(a) An indigenously developed radar system inducted into Indian Defence.
(b) India’s satellite to provide services to the countries of the Indian Ocean Rim.
(c) A scientific establishment set up by India in the Antarctic region.
(d) India’s underwater observatory to scientifically study the Arctic region.
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (d) India’s underwater observatory to scientifically study the Arctic region.
- On July 23, 2014, the first ever underwater observatory in the country, called ‘IndARC’, was set up in the Arctic Ocean, located about halfway between the North Pole and Norway in Kongsfjorden.
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43. Which of the following is not correctly matched-
(a) Isobar – Pressure Air
(b) Isoheight – Height
(c) Isohaline – Snowfall
(d) Isobath – Depth
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]
Ans. (c) Isohaline – Snowfall
- Isohaline is a line on a map or chart connecting places that have the same level of saltiness in the ocean.
- Isobar is a line showing places with the same air pressure.
- Isoheight is a line showing the same height above a certain point, while Isobath is a line connecting points that have the same depth underwater.
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44. Which one of the following shows a density gradient in the body of water?
(a) Ecocline
(b) Halocline
(c) Pycnocline
(d) Thermocline
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (c) Pycnocline
- Pycnocline is a layer in a body of water that has a changing density.
- Halocline is a layer in water that has a changing saltiness, and Thermocline is a layer between deep and shallow water that mixes the two.
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45. “I am a citizen of Milky Way.” The above statement is attributed to –
(a) Archana Sharma
(b) Kalpana Chawla
(c) Satish Dhawan
(d) Vikram Sarabhai
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (b) Kalpana Chawla
- Kalpana Chawla was an astronaut who took part in a space shuttle mission known as STS-107 (Columbia).
- Unfortunately, she died when the space shuttle broke apart while it was re-entering Earth’s atmosphere.
- It’s been said that Kalpana Chawla once said, “I am the citizen of milky way”.
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46. The first heavy water plant was established in-
(a) Bangalore
(b) Bhopal
(c) Nangal
(d) Hyderabad
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (c) Nangal
- The Indian government’s Department of Atomic Energy set up the first heavy water plant at Nangal, Punjab in the National Fertilisers Limited area in 1962.
|
47. Which one of the following is paramagnetic in nature?
(a) Iron
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Oxygen
(d) Nitrogen
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (c) Oxygen
- Paramagnetism is a type of magnetism where certain materials are pulled towards an outside magnetic field, which then creates a magnetic field inside the material.
- Oxygen, Platinum, Sodium, Aluminium, Manganese, Potassium and Chromium are all examples of materials that have this kind of magnetism.
|
48. Which one of the following metals is not attracted by a magnet :
(a) Iron
(b) Nickel
(c) Cobalt
(d) Aluminium
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (d) Aluminium
- Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt are strongly attracted to magnets because they are ferromagnetic elements.
- Aluminium is a paramagnetic element, meaning its outermost electron is not paired, so it doesn’t generate a strong magnetic field.
|
49. Which of the following is a non-electromagnetic element –
(a) Nickel
(b) Cobalt
(c) Chromium
(d) Copper
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1990]
Ans. (d) Copper
- Only Copper does not give off an electromagnetic field among the choices listed.
|
50. The magnetic needle points to –
(a) East
(b) West
(c) North
(d) Sky
[47th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2005]
Ans (c) North
- Magnets have two poles: north and south.
- The north pole of a magnet is drawn to the south pole of another magnet, just like the earth’s magnetic field.
- The north end of a compass magnet is attracted to the earth’s magnetic field, which is actually the south pole of the planet.
|
51. With which of the following is the tape of the tape recorder coated?
(a) Copper sulphate
(b) Ferromagnetic powder
(c) Zinc oxide
(d) Mercury
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (b) Ferromagnetic powder
- The tape of a tape recorder is made up of a plastic backing that has a thin layer of tiny iron particles.
- When recording, these particles become magnetized.
|
52. The World’s most accurate clock that loses just a second every 300 million years uses-
(a) Quartz atoms
(b) Silicon atoms
(c) Strontium atoms
(d) Zinc Atoms
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (c) Strontium atoms
- The world’s most precise atomic clock, which only loses one second every 300 million years, is based on neutral Strontium atoms.
- This was demonstrated by researchers from JILA (Joint Institute of Laboratory of Astrophysics) in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Colorado.
- Recently, they have created an even more accurate atomic clock, which will not lose or gain a second in a whopping 15 billion years.
- This is the most accurate clock ever created.
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53. In automatic wrist watches energy is provided by –
(a) Manual binding
(b) Battery
(c) Liquid crystal
(d) Different movements of our hand
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (d) Different movements of our hand
- Automatic watches don’t need batteries to work.
- They get their power from the movement of the person wearing them.
- If they’re not worn for a couple of days, they’ll stop.
|
54. In an electronic watch, the component corresponding to the pendulum of a pendulum clock is a :
(a) Transistor
(b) Crystal oscillator
(c) Diode
(d) Balance wheel
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1994]
Ans. (b) Crystal oscillator
- An electronic watch uses a Crystal Oscillator as its timekeeping device, while a pendulum clock uses a swinging weight (pendulum) as its timekeeping device.
|
55. The working of the quartz crystal in the watch is based on the?
(a) Photoelectric effect
(b) Johnson effect
(c) Piezoelectric effect
(d) Edison effect
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (c) Piezoelectric effect
- The quartz crystal in a watch works using the piezoelectric effect.
- This effect is when certain materials produce electricity when pressure is applied to them.
|
56. The full form of MOEMS is :
(a) Micro-optic electronic Media Source
(b) Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical-Systems
(c) Mega Operations Electronic Media Software
(d) Micro-Optic-Electro-Mechanical Source
[R.A.S./ R.T.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (b) Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical-Systems
- MOEMS stands for Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems, also known as optical MEMs.
- This involves combining mechanical, optical, and electrical elements that can sense or move optical signals in a very small size.
- MOEMS includes different devices which are made with micro-optics and micromachining techniques using stuff like silicon, silicon dioxide, and gallium arsenide.
|
57. What does “PUMA” stand in the context of Robotics?
(a) Programmable Used Machine to Assemble
(b) Programmed Utility Machine for Assembly
(c) Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly
(d) Programmed Utility Machine to Assemble
[M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (c) Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly
- Victor Scheinman from Unimation invented a robot arm called the Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly (PUMA) or Programmable Universal Manipulation Arm (PUMA).
- It was initially made for General Motors and was based on ideas Scheinman had while at Stanford University in the United States.
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58. Consider the following activities :
1. Spraying pesticides on a crop field
2. Inspecting the craters of active volcanoes
3. Collecting breath samples from spouting whales for DNA analysis
At the present level of technology, which of the above activities can be successfully carried out by using drones?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (d) 1, 2 and 3
- Currently, drones are useful in many ways.
- Farmers in the Khammam district of Telangana are using drones to spray pesticides on their crops.
- Drones can take pictures of volcanoes that cannot be seen any other way.
- Scientists have used drones at volcanoes in places such Indonesia and Guatemala.
- In 2017, for the first time, researchers used drones to get samples from whales to check their health.
|
59. When and where was the Central Electrochemical Research Institute established with the efforts of Alagappa Chettiar, Dr. Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar and Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru?
(a) Lucknow, 1951
(b) Karaikudi, 1953
(c) Chennai, 1948
(d) Shivganga, 1953
[R.A.S./ R.T.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (b) Karaikudi, 1953
- CECRI was established in 1948 due to the enthusiasm of Dr. R.M. Alagappa Chettiar, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, and Dr. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar.
- On January 14, 1953, the twelfth national laboratory under CSIR was officially opened in Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu when Dr. S. Radhakrishnan dedicated it to the nation.
- CECRI is the biggest research centre for electrochemistry in South Asia, with its headquarters in Karaikudi and branches in Chennai, Mandapam and Tuticorin.
|
60. When and with whose efforts was the Indian Institute of Science established in Bangalore?
(a) 1917, Prafulla Chand Rai
(b) 1930, J.C. Bose
(c) 1909, Jamshed ji Tata
(d) 1911, Meghnad Saha
[R.A.S./ R.T.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (c) 1909, Jamshed ji Tata
- The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) is a research university that focuses on higher education and research in the fields of science, engineering, design, and management.
- It is located in Bengaluru, India and was set up in 1909 with help from Jamshedji Tata, who is also known as the “Tata Institute”.
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61. Which one of the following is not suitably matched?
(a) National Institute of Oceanography – Goa
(b) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services – Hyderabad
(c) National Institute of Ocean Technology – Chennai
(d) Antarctic Study Centre – Bangalore
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004]
Ans. (d) Antarctic Study Centre – Bangalore
- The National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) is an Indian research and development organization located in Vasco de Gama, Goa, not in Bengaluru.
- All other matches are correct.
|
62. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below in the lists.
| List- I (Institute) |
List- II (Location) |
| A. Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies |
1. Hyderabad |
| B. Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research |
2. Mumbai |
| C. National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences |
3. Bangalore |
| D. Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages |
4. Dharamshala |
| |
5. Varanasi |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 5 3 4 1
(b) 5 2 3 1
(c) 3 2 4 5
(d) 4 5 1 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) 5 2 3 1
| List-I |
List-II |
| Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies |
Varanasi |
| Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research |
Mumbai |
| National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences |
Bangalore |
| Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages |
Hyderabad |
|
63. ‘The Indian Institute of Naturopathy and Yogic Science’ is located at :
(a) Pune
(b) Lucknow
(c) Hyderabad
(d) Bangalore
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (d) Bangalore
- The Indian Institute of Naturopathy and Yogic Science is in Bengaluru, in the state of Karnataka.
|
64. Match List- I with List- II and select the correct answer using the code given below :
| List-I |
List-II |
| A. Hi-Tec City |
1. Lucknow |
| B. Science City |
2. Thumba |
| C. Rocket Launching Centre |
3. Calcutta |
| D. Central Drug Research Institute |
4. Hyderabad |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 2 3 4 1
(d) 1 4 2 3
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (b) 4 3 2 1
- The correctly matched order is :
| Central Drug Research Institute |
Lucknow |
| Rocket Launching Centre |
Thumba (Thiruvananthapuram) |
| Science City |
Calcutta |
| Hi-Tec City |
Hyderabad |
|
65. A carbon microphone is best used in
(a) Dynamo
(b) Telephone
(c) Transformer
(d) None of these
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (b) Telephone
- A microphone is a device that changes sound into an electrical signal.
- It was used long ago to make long distance phone calls possible before vacuum tube amplifiers were invented.
- Microphones can also be used to make sounds louder.
|
66. The laws of planetary motion were enunciated by
(a) Newton
(b) Kepler
(c) Galileo
(d) Copernicus
[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]
Ans. (b) Kepler
- Johannes Kepler put forward the 3 laws of planetary motion in the early 1600s.
- He said that all planets move around the sun in an oval-shaped path.
|
67. Soleckshaw is a –
(a) Computer Program
(b) Moon Buggy
(c) Soft sole of footwear
(d) Solar rickshaw
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (d) Solar rickshaw
- Soleckshaw is an environmentally friendly tricycle powered in part by pedaling and in part by an electric battery that is charged by solar energy.
- It was designed by a group of scientists at CSIR National Laboratory.
|
68. Bibliometric is :
(a) Function of Library Network
(b) Information Management Service
(c) Information Management Tool
(d) Library Service
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (c) Information Management Tool
- Bibliometric is a way of keeping track of how much knowledge is being created and shared.
- It is also a good way to follow the progress of a particular field of science.
|
69. Cytotron is the device by which is produced :
(a) Electrical energy
(b) Artificial climate
(c) Sound
(d) Picture on the screen
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (b) Artificial climate
- Cytotron is a machine that creates a fake environment.
- It is also the name of a machine that uses RFQMR, which was created by the Centre for Advanced Research and Development (CARD) based in Bengaluru.
- This new device is used for repairing and regenerating damaged tissues.
- It is now being used to treat illnesses such as osteoarthritis and cancer.
|
70. Where was the 1st Engineering College of Asia established?
(a) Chennai
(b) Bangalore
(c) Roorkee
(d) None of the above
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (c) Roorkee
- The Roorkee College was set up in 1847 and was the first engineering college in the British Empire.
- It was located in what was then called Uttar Pradesh and is now known as Uttarakhand.
- The college was later named Thomson College of Civil Engineering in 1854.
- In 1948, it was given the status of a university by the Uttar Pradesh government, in recognition of its performance and potential to help with India’s needs after independence.
|
71. When the metric system was introduced in India-
(a) 1-10-1958
(b) 2-10-1956
(c) 1-4-1957
(d) 1-1-1958
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999]
Ans. (c) 1-4-1957
- In India, the decimal system was put into use on April 1, 1957.
- Coins made between 1957 to 1964 were called ‘Naya Paisa’ (New Paisa).
|
72. A tachyon stands for
(a) A particle moving faster than the velocity of light
(b) A constituent of heavier atomic nuclei
(c) A particle moving greater than the velocity of sound in air
(d) A quantum of lattice vibration
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (a) A particle moving faster than the velocity of light
- Tachyon is a word from Greek which means ‘fast’.
- It is also the name of a particle that is believed to go faster than light.
|
73. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists.
| List-I (Person) |
List-II (Known As) |
| A. John C. Mather |
1. Co-founder of Microsoft |
| B. Michael Griffin |
2. Space Walker |
| C. Paul G. Allen |
3. Administrator of NASA |
| D. Piers Sellers |
4. Nobel Prize Winner, 2006 in Physics |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 4 1 3 2
(b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 4 3 1 2
(d) 2 1 3 4
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (c) 4 3 1 2
| List-I (Person) |
List-II (Known As) |
| John C. Mather |
Nobel Prize Winner, 2006 in Physics |
| Michael Griffin |
Administrator of NASA |
| Paul G. Allen |
Co-founder of Microsoft |
| Piers Sellers |
Space Walker |
- John C. Mather is an astrophysicist at NASA’s Observational Cosmology Laboratory in Greenbelt and a senior project scientist on the James Webb Space Telescope.
- He was awarded the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics, alongside George F. Smoot.
- Michael Griffin was the administrator of NASA from 2005-2009 and Paul G. Allen is the co-founder of Microsoft with Bill Gates since 1975.
- Piers J. Sellers was chosen as an astronaut candidate by NASA in 1996 and has spent 34 days and 23 hours in space, including over 4 hours in 6 space walks.
|
74. Consider the following about Raja Ramanna :
1. He had directed the team of scientists which carried out the test of the nuclear device.
2. He was awarded Padma Vibhushan in 1975.
3. He was made Union Minister of State for Defence in 1990.
4. He had written a book entitled ‘The Structure of Music in Raga and Western System’.
Select the correct answer by using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 4 only
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
- Raja Ramanna was a very talented person who had many skills.
- He was a great scientist, a successful technologist, an excellent leader and a gifted musician.
- He was the one who led the team of scientists that did India’s first peaceful nuclear experiment in Rajasthan.
- He was given the Padma Vibhushan Award in 1975.
- He also served as the Minister of State for Defence in the Union Cabinet from January to November in 1990.
- He also wrote the book ‘The structure of music in Raga and Western System’ in 1993.
|
75. Water Jet Technology finds application in –
(a) Irrigation
(b) Drilling of mines
(c) Firefighting
(d) Mob control
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (b) Drilling of mines
- Water Jet Technology can cut many different materials using a powerful stream of water or a combination of water and a rough material.
- This technology is mainly used in mining and airplane manufacturing.
|
76. The laser beam is used for :
(a) Treatment of cancer
(b) Treatment of heart
(c) Treatment of eye
(d) Treatment of kidney
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (*)
- Lasers are used to treat many illnesses.
- This allows surgeons to be very precise with the treatments they perform.
- Laser therapy is used for a variety of things, including shrinking or destroying tumors, polyps, or precancerous growths, relieving symptoms of cancer, removing part of the prostate, removing kidney stones, repairing detached retinas, and improving vision.
|
77. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below :
| List-I |
List-II |
| A. Dry Ice |
1. Treatment of Cancer |
| B. Gene therapy |
2. Freezing living bodies to be revived later |
| C. Cryonics |
3. Solid carbon dioxide |
| D. Cobalt-60 |
4. Treatment of blood diseases |
Code :
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 2 1 4 3
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2004]
Ans. (c) 3 4 2 1
| List-I |
List-II |
| Dry Ice |
Solid carbon dioxide |
| Gene therapy |
Treatment of blood diseases |
| Cryonics |
Freezing living bodies to be revived later |
| Cobalt-60 |
Treatment of Cancer |
- Dry Ice is another name for solid carbon dioxide. Cobalt-60 is used to treat cancer.
- Cryonics involves freezing people or animals with the hope that they could be brought back to life in the future.
- Gene therapy is a research technique that uses genes to try to stop or cure diseases.
|
78. Which one of the following is not correctly matched?
(a) Y2K – Computer
(b) Arthritis – Uric Acid
(c) Noise Pollution – Decibel
(d) Adobe – Hardware
[Uttarakhand Lower Sub. (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (d) Adobe – Hardware
- Adobe System is an American company that specializes in making software and multimedia products.
- Therefore, option (d) is not a correct match.
|
79. Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Johns Hopkins was the founder of Homeopathy.
(b) Isaac Newton propounded the Theory of Evolution.
(c) Carbon monoxide creates more air pollution.
(d) Vasco-da-Gama discovered America.
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2008]
Ans. (c) Carbon monoxide creates more air pollution.
- Johns Hopkins was born on May 19, 1795 in Maryland and was the founder of John Hopkins University and John Hopkins Hospital.
- Dr. Samuel Hahnemann created Homeopathy.
- Charles Darwin, born on 12 February 1809 in England, had the Theory of Evolution.
- Carbon monoxide cannot be taken in by plants, thus creating more air pollution.
- Vasco-da-Gama was a Portuguese explorer who was the first European to reach India by sea.
- Christopher Columbus found America.
|
80. Otto Hahn discovered atom bomb by the principle of –
(a) Uranium fission
(b) Nuclear fission
(c) Alpha radiation
(d) Gamma radiation
[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2006]
Ans. (b) Nuclear fission
- In 1939, Otto Hahn and F. Strassmann made a big discovery – when they bombarded Uranium-235 with slow moving neutrons, the nucleus would break into two equal parts and produce a large amount of energy.
- This process is known as nuclear fission, and it is what powers the atomic bomb.
|
81. The principle of the atom bomb is based on-
(a) Nuclear fission
(b) Nuclear fusion
(c) Nuclear spallation
(d) None of these
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007]
Ans. (a) Nuclear fission
- The atomic bomb uses nuclear fission to work.
|
82. What was the fissionable material used in the bombs dropped at Nagasaki (Japan) in the year 1945?
(a) Sodium
(b) Potassium
(c) Plutonium
(d) Uranium
[56th to 59th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Plutonium
- The U.S.A. dropped a bomb called “Fat Man” on the Japanese city of Nagasaki.
- This bomb was powered by plutonium. Meanwhile, the bomb dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 was called “Little Boy” and it used uranium as its source of energy.
|
83. Which country has test-launched the first 3D television broadcast?
(a) U.K.
(b) China
(c) America
(d) South Africa
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (c) America
- On April 29, 1953, the TV station KECA in Los Angeles showed an episode of Space Patrol in 3D to demonstrate the technology at the 31st Annual National TV and Radio Broadcasters Convention in the city.
- To watch the show, viewers had to wear special glasses made by Polaroid; without them, the show just looked like a blurry mess.
- This was the very first 3D TV broadcast ever.
|
84. Consider the following statements :
1. The most important technological application of liquid crystals is in digital display.
2. A modem is a device that is connected to a computer and to a phone line.
3. The National Institute of Oceanography is located in Coimbatore.
4. Virginis-70 is a system for recording video programs.
Of these statements :
(a) Only 1 and 2 are correct
(b) Only 2 and 3 are correct
(c) Only 2, 3 and 4 are correct
(d) Only 3 and 4 are correct
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (a) Only 1 and 2 are correct
- A LCD is a type of electronic screen that is used to show text, pictures, videos, etc.
- A modem is a device that links a computer to a telephone line.
- It changes digital information into sound for the phone line and changes incoming sound back into digital information for the computer.
- The National Institute of Oceanography is based in Goa and has regional offices in Kochi, Mumbai and Visakhapatnam.
- Virginis-70 is a star that is around 59 light-years away and can be seen in the Virgo constellation.
|
85. Liquid crystals are used in :
(a) Wrist Watches
(b) Display Devices
(c) Pocket Calculators
(d) All of the above
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (d) All of the above
- Liquid crystals are found in a range of items such as wristwatches, monitors, calculators, and laptop computers.
|
86. Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) are used to create digital display in many devices. What are the advantages of OLED displays over Liquid Crystal displays?
1. OLED displays can be fabricated on flexible plastic substrates.
2. Roll-up displays embedded in clothing can be made using OLEDs.
3. Transparent displays are possible using OLEDs.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None of the above statements is correct
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) 1, 2 and 3
- A type of LED called an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) is made from a film of special organic material that produces light when electricity is applied.
- OLEDs can be made on flexible material, so they can be used for things like clothing with roll-up displays, and transparent displays.
|
87. With a 16:9 picture aspect ratio, display resolution 1080p means :
(a) 1080 × 1080 pixels
(b) 1920 × 1080 pixels
(c) 720 × 1080 pixels
(d) 3840 × 1080 pixels
[R.A.S./ R.T.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (b) 1920 × 1080 pixels
- The 16:9 picture aspect ratio, known as 1080p or ‘Full HD’ resolution, means that 1920 pixels are displayed across the screen horizontally and 1080 pixels downward on the screen vertically.
- This is a type of high-definition video mode used in HDTVs.
|
88. Which one of the following devices is used to cool the engine of the vehicles?
(a) Polygraph
(b) Turbine
(c) Radiator
(d) Quadrant
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (c) Radiator
- Radiators are used to keep engines cool, typically in cars, planes, trains, motorcycles, power plants, and other engines.
|
89. Mobiles and Automobiles have brought about a revolution in the social life of Indians, especially in the rural, in terms of?
1. Mobility of the people
2. Connectivity of the people
3. Sensitivity of the people
Select the correct answer from the code given below :
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Spl.) (Pre) 2010]
Ans. (a) 1 and 2 only
- Cell phones and cars have made a huge impact on the lives of Indians.
- Phones help people stay connected and cars make it easier for people to get around.
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