Historical Scenario (Uttarakhand)– Old Year Questions and Answers

• Govind Ballabh Pant was the first person from Kumaon region to join the provincial council of the United Province.
• He was born in Almora district in 1887 and got a law degree from the University of Allahabad, after which he began practicing law in Kashipur.
• He was also the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and was given the highest honour of ‘Bharat Ratna’ in 1957.

• Uttarakhand was formed because the mountainous regions were not developed enough. It was created due to unequal development and backwardness.
• People started asking for the state to be formed in 1997 and it became its own state in 2000.

• In 1790, Gorkhas took control of Kumaon and in 1804 they captured Garhwal.
• During this battle, the ruler of Garhwal, Pradumna Shah, died at Khudbuda near Dehradun

• In 1804 A.D., Pradyuman Shah and the Gorkhas fought a battle near Dehradun.
• Pradyuman Shah sadly died in the battle, which was the first major attack to take place in the Garhwal District.

• In 1916, the Kumaon Council was created to help speed up the fight for independence in Uttarakhand.
• Its leaders were Govind Ballabh Pant, Tara Dutta Gairola and Badridut

• Jayanand Bharati was born in Pauri Garhwal district of Uttar Pradesh.
• He started the organization called Garhwal Sarvdalit Parishad.

• In 1912, the Kumaon Congress committee was created in Almora with help from Lala Lajpat Rai.

• Dev Suman was born in Jaul village of Tehri Garhwal district on 25 May 1916.
• During the Quit India Movement of 1942, he was locked up in Tehri jail.
• He was treated terribly by the jail staff, so he began a hunger strike.
• After 84 days of not eating, Dev Suman died from pneumonia.

• Deo Suman was born in Jaul village in Tehri Garhwal district on the 25th of May 1916.
• During the Quit India Movement of 1942, he was put in jail in Tehri.
• The authorities in the jail treated the prisoners very badly, so Dev Suman started a hunger strike.
• After 84 days of not eating, he died of pneumonia.

• Deo Suman, a freedom fighter from Uttarakhand, created the Garhdesh Sewa Sangh.
• He is most remembered for leading the freedom fighters in Tehri.
• When he was just 14, he participated in the Salt Satyagraha.

• Sri Deo Suman founded the Tehri Rajya Praja Mandal in 1939 in Dehradun.
• He also started the Devnagri Mahavidyalaya in Delhi.
• His poems were published under the name ‘Suman’ in 1937.

• In 1939, Tehri Praja Mandal was created in Dehradun (in present-day Uttarakhand).
• Led by Deo Suman, the movement for people’s rights became stronger.
• Deo Suman went on a hunger strike in prison for 84 days and fought for the end of the dynastic rule in Tehri.
• As a result, Tehri became a district of Uttar Pradesh on August 1st, 1949.

• The Tehri Praja Mandal was created in Dehradun (now in Uttarakhand) in 1939.
• Led by Deo Suman, the movement for people’s rights became stronger.
• He went on a hunger strike for 84 days while in prison.
• Deo Suman also fought against the hereditary rule in Tehri state and pushed for the Tehri state to join the Indian Union.
• As a result, Tehri became a district of Uttar Pradesh on August 1, 1949.

• In 1939, the Tehri Praja Mandal was set up in Dehradun, which is located in the modern-day region of Uttarakhand.
• Under the guidance of Deo Suman, the movement for the rights of the people became more intense.
• He held a hunger strike for 84 days while in prison.
• Deo Suman also fought against the monarchy in Tehri and successfully incorporated Tehri into India on August 1, 1949.

• In 1939, the Tehri Praja Mandal was created in Dehradun (in the present-day Uttarakhand).
• When Deo Suman became its leader, the fight for the rights of the people grew stronger.
• He went on hunger strike in prison for 84 days.
• Deo Suman also fought against the rule of the Tehri dynasty and worked to make Tehri a part of India.
• Eventually, on August 1, 1949, Tehri became a district of Uttar Pradesh.

• The Haripura Congress in Dehradun created the Praja Mandal on January 23, 1938 with the goal of achieving certain objectives.
  • Creating a government with elected officials in the state.
  • Ending forced labor
  • Taking away the taxes on imported goods

The goal was to give the people of Tehri freedom from the government’s poor leadership.

• Colonel Edward Gardner was chosen to be the leader of Kumaon by Lord Hastings on May 3, 1815, after the English won the war against Kumaon and Garhwal.

• Ajay Pal started the Srinagar-Pawar dynasty by joining together smaller states to make one big area.

• The Pal dynasty had Chandpurgarh as their capital city.
• It is located in the Chamoli district.

• King Ajay Pal moved his royal court from Chandpur Garhi to Devalgarh in 1508, then again to Srinagar in 1512.
• He was a descendant of Kanakpal who had ruled Chandpur Garh until 756 A.D.
• Somchand built Rajbunga fort in Champavat and King Sudarshan Shah established his capital in Tehri.
• The last ruler of this dynasty was King Manshah.

• Uttarakhand has two parts – Kumaon and Garhwal.
• The Skand Puran describes Kumaon as Manas Khand.

• Chandra Singh Garhwali was originally known as Chandra Singh Bhandari.
• He was born on December 25th, 1891 in the Pauri Garhwal region.
• On April 23rd, 1930, Chandra Singh Garhwali and his Garhwali Rifles disobeyed their British commanders by refusing to shoot at unarmed people.
• As a result, he and his men were arrested and given life sentences.

• In the Tehri Garhwal region, people started the Dhandak Movement in response to the British government’s rule that prohibited them from entering the forests.
• This movement was part of Gandhi’s non-cooperation movement.
• Tehri Garhwal was controlled by the Parmar

• Queen Karnavati was the wife of Mahipat Shah who ruled the Garhwal kingdom until his death.
• In 1640, she managed to keep the Mughul invaders out of the kingdom, and as a result earned the nickname Nak-Kati-Rani, due to her ability to silence the invaders.

• In 1921, the people of Kumaon in the town of Bageshwar in United Province started a nonviolent movement. Badri Datt Pandey, Hargovind Pant and Chiraunjee Lal led the movement, which was a success.
• Because of his huge role in the success of the movement, Badri Datt Pandey was given the title of Kumaon Kesari.

• In 1921, a peaceful protest took place in Bageshwar town of United Province, led by Badri Datt Pandey, Hargovind Pant and Chiraunjee Lal.
• The protest was called the Coolie-Begar movement.
• Due to his great efforts, Badri Datt Pandey was given the title of Kumaon Kesari.

• Badri Datt Pandey was the head of the Coolie-Begar struggle.
• He was successful in making the British commissioner Daibil retreat.
• He was also part of the Indian National Congress and honored in ‘Kumaon Kesari’.

• Indra Mani Badoni was recognized as the “Gandhi of Uttarakhand”.
• He was born on December 24, 1925 in Tehri.
• In 1967, he was elected to the state legislative assembly for the Dev Prayag region.
• On August 2, 1994, he began a hunger strike in support of a separate Uttarakhand state.
• Sadly, he passed away in August 1999 before Uttarakhand was formed.

• Indra Mani Badoni was called the “Gandhi of Uttarakhand”.
• He was born on December 24th, 1925 in Tehri.
• In 1967, he was chosen to be part of the state legislative assembly from the Dev Prayag location.
• On August 2nd, 1994, he started a hunger strike in order to make Uttarakhand its own state.
• Sadly, he passed away in August 1999 before Uttarakhand was officially

• The Almora coins have the names of Aseka, Gomitara, Shivdutt, Shivpalit, Haridutt, Shivrakshita and Shilavarman engraved on them.
• These coins are the only these coins provide information.

• Shiv Prasad Dabral is also known with the title of Charan.
• He was famous as a historian and has written a book titled µHistory of Uttarakhand.

• Shiv Prasad Dabral is also referred to as Charan.
• He was renowned as a historian and wrote a book called “History of Uttarakhand”.

• Ansuiya Prasad Bahuguna is known as the “Garh Kesari”.
• He was very important in the fight for freedom and represented Barrister Mukundi Lal in the Amritsar Congress Session of 1919.
• This title of “Garh Keshi” is an honor.

• Mohan Joshi was the main person behind setting up the Gandhi Ashram in Almora’s Chanoda in 1937.
• It was created to promote Khadi, which Mahatma Gandhi linked to the freedom movement.
• To support the boycott of foreign clothes and items, Gandhiji started the Khadi Gramodyog Sangh and the Charakha Sangh.

• In the 17th century, Suleman Shikoh, a prince from the Mughal Empire, lived away from home in Garhwal.
• He also brought with him a court painter who was responsible for introducing the Mughal painting style in Garhwal.

• Vashudev was the founder of the Katyuri dynasty, the first recorded dynasty in Uttarakhand. Initially, Kartikeyapura (south of Joshimath in Chamoli) was the dynasty’s first capital, then it moved to Baijnath (Bageshwar) in the Katyur valley of Almora.

• When India gained independence, Manvendra Shah was the ruler of the Garhwal princely state.
• He took over from his father, Maharana Narendra, on October 5th, 1946.
• This state was then officially joined with India on August 1st, 1949.

• Badri Dutt Pandey was a prominent figure in India’s fight for independence.
• He represented Almora in the United Province (now Uttarakhand) and was a leader of the Coolie-Begar Movement.
• He was part of the Indian National Congress and was the first person to call for a separate administrative division for the hill area in 1946.

• Ashoka edict in kalsi scripted the humane approach after the war, when ashoka imbibe Buddhism, this edicts was built in 250 B.C.

• The Lakhudiyar rock shelters in the Almora district of Uttarakhand are from the Stone Age and are famous for their unique paintings.
• The walls and ceilings of these caves are decorated with white, red and black paintings, which show scenes of daily life, hunting, and various symbols.

• Lakhudiyar, located in the Almora district of Uttarakhand, is home to famous rock shelters that were made during the Stone Age.
• These shelters have art painted on their walls and ceilings in different colors like white, red, and black.
• This art depicts the everyday life of the cave dwellers, such as hunting, as well as different symbols.

• Vashishtha Cave is located in Tehri district on Rishikesh Haridwar road.
• Vashishtha cave is an ancient cave where great sage Vashishtha meditated.
• This cave is famous for Yoga and meditation.

• Kashipur was known as Govishan during the time of Harsha (606-647 AD). After 1588 AD, it was controlled by Kumaon rulers.
• Pandit Kashinathan, who was an officer of King Devi Chand, created the current Kashipur.