1. “The crop is subtropical in nature. A hard frost is injurious to it. It requires at least 210 frost-free days and 50 to 100 centimeters of rainfall for its growth. A light well-drained soil capable of retaining moisture is ideally suited for the cultivation of the crop.” Which one of the following is that crop?
(a) Cotton
(b) Jute
(c) Sugarcane
(d) Tea
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2020]
Ans. (a) Cotton
- Cotton : It is a subtropical crop that can be grown in dry areas with black soil, usually found on the Deccan plateau. It needs hot temperatures, 50-100 cm of rainfall, 210 days without frost, and lots of sunshine to grow.
- Jute : does best when the temperature is between 24-35 degrees Celsius, it has heavy rainfall of 125-200 cm, and it is grown in low-lying areas.
- Sugarcane : needs a warm and damp environment with temperatures between 21 and 27 degrees Celsius and a yearly amount of rain between 75-100 cm to thrive.
- Tea needs to have at least 150 cm of rainfall during summer and a daily temperature between 21 and 27 degrees Celsius in order to be grown.
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2. Which one of the following areas of India produces the largest amount of cotton?
(a) North Western India and Gangetic West Bengal
(b) North Western and Western India
(c) Western and Southern India
(d) Plains of Northern India
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (b) North Western and Western India
- When they asked the question, most of the cotton production came from Northwest and Western India.
- According to the 2021-22 Economic Survey, in 2020-21 (the 4th Agricultural Estimates year), cotton was grown over 13 million hectares of land.
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3. The largest producer of cotton in India is –
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Gujarat
(c) Punjab
(d) Haryana
[44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) Gujarat
- In India, the top three states producing cotton in 2020-21 (4th AE) are Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Telangana.
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4. Which districts are Known as areas of ‘White Gold’ because of cotton cultivation?
(a) Ratlam-Khandwa
(b) Khandwa-Khargone
(c) Ujjain-Shajapur
(d) Dhar-Jhabua
[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (c) Ujjain-Shajapur
- Shajapur and Ujjain are nicknamed the regions of “White Gold” because of the large amount of cotton grown there.
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5. Which one of the following crops is known as “White Gold” in Maharashtra?
(a) Wheat
(b) Maize
(c) Cotton
(d) Sugar Cane
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (c) Cotton
- Cotton is often called “White Gold” in Maharashtra and it is the crop that covers the most land in the state.
- The soil there is perfect for growing cotton.
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6. Which Indian state has the largest number of Cotton Textile Mills?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Gujarat
(d) West Bengal
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[60th to 62nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2016]
Ans. (e) None of the above/More than one of the above
- Maharashtra is the state with the most cotton textile mills among the choices given.
- However, Tamil Nadu has the most cotton textile mills in the entire country.
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7. Consider the following statements:
1. India is the original home of the cotton plant
2. India is the first country in the world to develop a hybrid cotton variety leading to increased production
Which of these statements is/are correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (c) Both 1 and 2
- India is the birthplace of cotton plants and is mentioned in ancient scriptures like Rigveda and Manusmriti.
- India was also the first country to develop a special type of cotton that produces more cotton.
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8. Cotton fibres are obtained from –
(a) Leaves
(b) Seed
(c) Stem
(d) Root
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
9. Which of the following groups belongs to fi bre crop?
(a) Patsan, Gram, Linseed
(b) Lentil, Oat, Dhaicha
(c) Cotton, Jute, Sunhemp
(d) Jute, Wheat, Cotton
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (c) Cotton, Jute, Sunhemp
- Cotton, Jute and Sunhemp are all types of fiber crops.
- Sunhemp has been grown since 600 B.C., making it one of the oldest fiber crops.
- Cotton is the most important fiber crop in the world and Maharashtra is the top producer of it.
- India’s second most important fiber crop is Jute.
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10. Cotton is facing competition from sugarcane in the region of the black soil in Maharashtra. This is due to-
(a) Declined yield of cotton in this region
(b) A general change in the climate of this region
(c) Expansion of irrigation has made this region suitable for sugarcane cultivation which is a more profitable crop
(d) Increasing demand for sugar and the rising price of sugar in the country.
[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (c) Expansion of irrigation has made this region suitable for sugarcane cultivation which is a more profitable crop
- In Maharashtra’s black soil region, cotton is losing out to sugarcane because of increased access to irrigation.
- The land has become better for growing sugarcane, which is more profitable than cotton.
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11. Which Indian state has the largest area under sugarcane cultivation?
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Madhya Pradesh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (b) Uttar Pradesh
- In 2020-21, the most land used to grow sugarcane was in Uttar Pradesh (21.80 lakh hectares) and the second most was in Maharashtra (11.43 lakh hectares).
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12. Which of the following crops has the largest percentage of irrigated area of its net sown area in India?
(a) Wheat
(b) Rice
(c) Oilseed
(d) Sugarcane
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]
Ans. (d) Sugarcane
- When the question was asked option (d) was correct.
- The percentage of irrigated area of its net sown area (2015-16) of the given crops is as follows –
- Sugarcane – 93.44
- Wheat – 87.90
- Rice – 60.06
- Oilseed – 36.88
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13. The correct sequence in decreasing order of the four sugarcane producing states in India is:
(a) Maharashtra, U.P., Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh
(b) U.P., Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh
(c) Maharashtra, U.P., Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu
(d) U.P., Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu.
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2000, 44th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) U.P., Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh
- At the time this question was asked, the states that produced the most sugarcane, from the highest to the lowest, were:
- Uttar Pradesh
- Maharashtra
- Tamil Nadu
- Andhra Pradesh
- According to Reserve Bank of India 2020-21 (4th AE) data, the four largest sugarcane producing states are –
- Uttar Pradesh
- Maharashtra
- Karnataka
- Gujarat
- Tamil Nadu
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14. The leading sugarcane-producing states in India is
(a) Punjab
(b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Uttar Pradesh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (d) Uttar Pradesh
- Laxmi Narayan Chaudhary, who is in charge of sugar production in Uttar Pradesh, announced that Uttar Pradesh has become India’s leading sugar-producing state, surpassing Maharashtra.
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15. Which States in India are the largest producers of sugarcane?
(a) Bihar and Uttar Pradesh
(b) Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan
(c) Andhra Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir
(d) Punjab and Himachal Pradesh
[53rd to 55th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2011]
Ans. (a) Bihar and Uttar Pradesh
- The 2020-21 data shows that the top four states that produce sugarcane are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Bihar.
- Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.
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16. What is the correct sequence of the states in descending order of production of sugarcane in 2013 ?
(a) Karnataka, Maharashtra, Haryana, U.P.
(b) U.P., Maharashtra, Karnataka, Haryana
(c) Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, U.P.
(d) U.P., Karnataka, Maharashtra, Haryana
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (b) U.P., Maharashtra, Karnataka, Haryana
- The 2020-21 data shows that the 4 states with the most sugarcane production are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Bihar.
- Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
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17. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Sugarcane and sugar production in U.P. is more than Maharashtra, but productivity is less.
Reason (R): Most of the sugar factories in Maharashtra are in the cooperative sector.
Code :
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]
Ans. (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- Data from the Indian Sugar Mills Association shows that Uttar Pradesh produces more sugarcane and sugar than Maharashtra, but it is less productive.
- Assertion (A) is true and it is also correct that most of the sugar factories in Maharashtra are in the cooperative sector.
- Reason (R) is also true, but it doesn’t explain why Assertion (A) is true.
- Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
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18. Consider the following statements:
1. Molasses is a by-product of the sugar production process.
2. Bagasse obtained from sugar mills is used as a fuel in the boilers to generate steam in sugar factories.
3. Sugar can only be produced from sugarcane as the raw material.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (a) 1 and 2
- Molasses is a product of making sugar and it is used to make alcohol. +
- Bagasse is the material left over from sugar production and it is burned to create steam in sugar factories.
- Sugar is made from both sugarcane and beetroots.
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19. What are the significances of a practical approach to sugarcane production known as ‘Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative?
1. Seed cost is very low in this compared to the conventional method of cultivation.
2. Drip irrigation can be practiced very effectively in this.
3. There is no application of chemical/inorganic fertilizers at all in this.
4. The scope for intercropping is more in this compared to the conventional method of cultivation.
Select the correct answer using the code given below –
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]
Ans. (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
- The Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative is an idea for farming that includes using less seed, growing seedlings in a nursery, and different ways of planting with more space between plants, and better managing of water and nutrients to increase the amount of sugarcane.
- WWF-ICRISAT began this initiative in 2009. Statement 3 is incorrect.
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20. Sucrose content in sugarcane decreases
(a) If high rainfall occurs during the period of growth of the plant
(b) if frost occurs during the period of ripening
(c) if there is fluctuation in temperature during the period of growth of the plant
(d) if there is high temperature during the time of ripening
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (b) if frost occurs during the period of ripening
- Sugarcane is a plant that grows in warm climates.
- It needs an average temperature of 21-27°C and 75-100 cm of rain in order to thrive.
- If it gets too cold when the sugarcane is ripening, the amount of sugar in it will be reduced.
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21. The first three leading producers of sugar in India are:
(a) Maharashtra, U.P., Tamil Nadu
(b) U.P., Maharashtra, Bihar
(c) U.P., Maharashtra, Karnataka
(d) Bihar, U.P., Karnataka, Maharashtra
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1999, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1996]
Ans. (c) U.P., Maharashtra, Karnataka
- India is the biggest sugarcane producer in the world, followed by Brazil and the European Union.
- The top three sugar-producing states in India, as of when this question was asked, were Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.
- Reports from 2020-21 state that Uttar Pradesh is in the lead for sugar production, with Maharashtra taking second place.
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22. Which of the following represents the correct sequence in descending order, of the four largest sugar producing States of India in 2015-16?
(a) Maharashtra, U.P., Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
(b) U.P., Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
(c) Maharashtra, U.P., Tamil Nadu, Karnataka
(d) U.P., Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (a) Maharashtra, U.P., Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
- According to the figures of the year 2015-16.
- The leading sugar-producing states were –
- Maharashtra
- Uttar Pradesh
- Karnataka
- Tamil Nadu
- Andhra Pradesh
- The latest figures from 2020-21 show that Uttar Pradesh is the leader in sugar production, while Maharashtra is in second place.
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23. Which of the following statements is/ are correct regarding sugar Industry?
1. India accounts for more than 15% of the total sugar production of the world.
2. Sugar Industry is the second-largest Agricultural base industry in India.
3. India is the biggest consumer of sugar.
4. India is the largest producer of sugar.
Code :
(c) 1 and 2
(b) 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (c) 1, 2 and 3
- In November 2021, the US Department of Agriculture reported that the total amount of sugar produced in the world was 181 million tonnes.
- Brazil made 36 million tonnes of this and India made 34.7 million tonnes.
- Brazil also exported 12.6 million tonnes of sugar.
- Sugar is the second biggest industry in India after cotton and India produces 15.8% of the world’s sugar.
- This means statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 4 is wrong.
- India is also the biggest consumer of sugar, so statement 3 is correct.
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24. Sakkar Nagar is an important sugar-producing centre of
(a) Haryana
(b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Uttar Pradesh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (b) Andhra Pradesh
- Shakkarnagar is a big place that makes sugar and is in the state of Andhra Pradesh (now in Telangana).
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25. Which state is called the ‘Sugar bowl’ of India ?
(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Bihar
(c) Punjab
(d) Uttar Pradesh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (d) Uttar Pradesh
- Uttar Pradesh is nicknamed the “Sugar Bowl” of India.
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26. Which one among the following States of India is called ‘Sugar Bowl’?
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Bihar
(d) Haryana
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above.
[64th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (a) Uttar Pradesh
- Uttar Pradesh is nicknamed the “sugar bowl of India” because it produces the most sugarcane in the entire country.
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27. The first Sugar Mill in India was set up in 1903 at
(a) Pratapgarh
(b) Pratappur
(c) Mawana
(d) Balrampur
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (b) Pratappur
- In 1903, a Sugar Mill was created in Pratappur, Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh, India.
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28. Which factors have facilitated the locational shift of the sugar industry from North India to South India ?
1. Per acre higher yield of sugar cane
2. Higher sucrose content of sugar cane
3. Longer crushing season
4. Cheap labour
Select the correct answer using the code given below–
(a) 1, and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (c) 1, 2 and 3
- The sugar industry moved from North India to South India because the South had higher yields and sugar content in sugarcane per acre, as well as a longer harvesting period.
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29. Breeding work on sugarcane is being done at –
(a) Lucknow
(b) Shahjahanpur
(c) Shravasti
(d) Coimbatore
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2009]
Ans. (d) Coimbatore
- A research institute for breeding sugarcane was established in 1912 in Coimbatore, India.
- It was established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
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30. Sugarcane seeds are produced in –
(a) I.I.S.R, Lucknow
(b) IARI, New Delhi
(c) Directorate of Seed Research, Mau
(d) SBI, Coimbatore
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A (Spl.) (Mains), 2010]
Ans. (d) SBI, Coimbatore
- The Sugarcane Breeding Institute is a research center located in Coimbatore, India.
- It was set up in 1912 by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research and its aim is to help improve sugarcane production.
- It is the only sugarcane research facility in India.
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31. What time is taken by the Adsali Sugarcane crop to ripen?
(a) 6 months
(b) 12 months
(c) 18 months
(d) 24 months
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A . (Spl) (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (c) 18 months
- Adsali Sugarcane is mainly grown in the parts of Maharashtra that don’t get a lot of rain.
- It is planted in July and August and takes 16-18 months to be ready to harvest.
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32. Co. 1148 is an important variety of
(a) Wheat
(b) Cotton
(c) Maize
(d) Sugarcane
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (d) Sugarcane
- Co. 1148 is a very significant type of sugarcane.
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33. Among the following, which one is the least water-efficient crop?
(a) sugarcane
(b) Sunflower
(c) Pearl millet
(d) Red gram
[I.A.S. (Pre) 2021]
Ans. (a) sugarcane
- Sugarcane uses the most water out of all the options, meaning it takes the most water to grow.
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Oil Seeds
1. Which of the following is the oilseed crop?
(a) Masoor
(b) Lobia
(c) Sunflower
(d) Berseem
[Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2003]
Ans. (c) Sunflower
- In India, some of the main oilseed crops grown are Groundnut, Mustard, Coconut, Soyabean, Castor seeds, Cotton seeds, Linseed and Sunflower.
- Therefore, option (c) is the right answer.
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2. Yellow Revolution is related to –
(a) Production of Foodgrain
(b) Production of Oilseeds
(c) Production of Milk
(d) Production of Fish.
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2004, U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2002]
Ans. (b) Production of Oilseeds
- The Yellow Revolution is about making oilseeds, the Green Revolution is about making food, the White Revolution is about making milk, and the Blue Revolution is about making fish.
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3. The ‘Yellow Revolution’ in India is related to which of the following?
(a) Agricultural production
(b) Oilseeds production
(c) Fish production
(d) Pulse production
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (b) Oilseeds production
- The Yellow Revolution is about making more oilseeds.
- The Green Revolution is about producing more foodgrain.
- The White Revolution is about creating more milk.
- The Blue Revolution is about increasing the amount of fish.
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4. Yellow Revolution is related to –
(a) Pulse production
(b) Paddy production
(c) Fish production
(d) Oil-seed production
[U.P.R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (d) Oil-seed production
- The Yellow Revolution is about producing oilseeds.
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5. Which is the most suitable crop for dryland farming?
(a) Sugarcane
(b) Jute
(c) Wheat
(d) Groundnut
[45th B.P.S.C.(Pre) 2001]
Ans. (d) Groundnut
- Dryland agriculture is when crops are grown only with rain water.
- Groundnut is the best kind of crop for this kind of farming.
- It needs a warm climate and a long growing season.
- It works best in areas where there is 50 to 125 cm of rain during the growing season.
- Dryland farming is a type of dryland agriculture that works when there is more than 75 cm of rain.
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6. ‘Pegging’ is a useful phenomenon in –
(a) Sugarcane
(b) Sweet potato
(c) Groundnut
(d) Tapioca
[U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (c) Groundnut
- Pegging is a helpful process that happens to groundnuts after they are fertilized.
- The faded flower’s pegs come out and stick into the ground near the tap root.
- As the peg grows, it lies horizontally and eventually matures into a peanut.
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7. Which of the following states is the leading producer of Soyabean?
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Punjab
(d) Kerala
[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2003, Uttrakhand U.D.A./LDA (Pre) 2003, U.P. U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2001, M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2000]
Ans. (b) Madhya Pradesh
- According to Economic Survey 2021-22, for year 2020-21 (4th A.E.), three largest producers of soybean in India are –
- Maharashtra (6.20 million tonnes)
- Madhya Pradesh (4.61 million tonnes)
- Rajasthan (1.09 million tonnes)
- Maharashtra is the number one producer of soybeans in India.
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8. The leading producer of Soyabean in India is
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Bihar
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Rajasthan
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007, Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Pre) 2007, Uttarakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2006, U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (c) Madhya Pradesh
- Madhya Pradesh is the leading producer of Soybeans in India with (4.61 million tonnes) of production.
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9. Which state of India occupies the largest area under soybean cultivation?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Punjab
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (a) Madhya Pradesh
- The SoPA data for 2021 shows that Madhya Pradesh has 5.56 Million Hectares of land, which is 46.41% of the total land used for growing soybeans in India.
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10. During 1992-93 there was a record production in
(a) Rice
(b) Sugarcane
(c) Pulses
(d) Oilseeds
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1993]
Ans. (d) Oilseeds
- In 1992-93, India saw the highest ever production of oilseeds, with 20.11 million tonnes.
- This record was broken again in 2010-11, when it reached 32.48 million tonnes.
- Even more impressively, in 2020-21 (4th A.E.), the country was able to produce 36.1 million tonnes of oilseed.
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11. The Largest producer of oilseeds in India is :
(a) Gujarat
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Uttar Pradesh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (b) Madhya Pradesh
- When this was asked, Madhya Pradesh was the top oilseed producer in India.
- However, the Economic Survey for 2021-22 said that for 2020-21, Rajasthan was the biggest oilseed producer in India.
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12. Which of the following states is the largest producer of groundnut in India ?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Gujarat
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (d) Gujarat
- When the question was asked, Gujarat was the top producer of groundnuts.
- According to the 2020-21 (4th A.E.) data, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu are the top three producers of groundnuts.
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13. The State of India with low acreage, but a very high per-hectare yield of groundnut is
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) West Bengal
(c) Punjab
(d) Chhattisgarh
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]
Ans. (c) Punjab
- When the question was asked, option (c) was the right answer.
- The Agricultural Statistics At a Glance 2020 shows that in 2019-20 (4th AE), the three states with the highest productivity per hectare of groundnut were Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.
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14. Find the odd product out of the following :
(a) Sesame
(b) Groundnut
(c) Caster seed
(d) Mustard
[R.A.S./R.T.S.(Pre) 2010]
Ans. (*)
- Groundnut is taken from the root of the plant, while other crops are taken from the flower.
- Oil made from Sesame, Groundnut and Mustard is used in cooking, but caster seed oil is not eaten.
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15. Rajasthan is the chief producer of –
(a) Gram
(b) Mustard
(c) Cotton
(d) Wheat
[Uttrakhand U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (b) Mustard
- When the question was asked, only answer (b) was right.
- The statistics for the year 2020-21 (4th A.E.) showed that Rajasthan is the top producer of Rapeseed and Mustard.
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16. Major oilseeds produced in India are-
1. Sesamum
2. Mustard
3. Groundnut
4. Soybean
Which of the following option represents correct decreasing order of the production of above oilseeds?
(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 3,2,4,1
(c) 2,4,3,1
(d) 3,4,2,1
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1997]
Ans. (d) 3, 4, 2, 1
- In India, Groundnut is the most widely produced oilseed, followed by Soybean, Mustard and Sesamum in decreasing order.
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17. Which of the following crops has the highest percentage of oil content?
(a) Groundnut
(b) Soyabean
(c) Sunflower
(d) Sesame
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (d) Sesame
| Crop |
Oil content |
| Groundnut |
48.2% |
| Soybean |
40% |
| Sunflower |
42% |
| Sesame |
52% |
|
18. ‘Varuna’ is a variety of –
(a) Mustard
(b) Linseed
(c) Sunflower
(d) Sesame
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (a) Mustard
- Mustard comes from an oilseed.
- The three most common types of Mustard are Pusabold, Jaikisan, and Varuna.
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19. ‘Pusa Bold’ is a variety of –
(a) Wheat
(b) Mustard
(c) Gram
(d) Groundnut
[U.P.P.C.S. (Main) 2013]
Ans. (b) Mustard
- Mustard is a type of seed.
- The three most common types of Mustard are Pusabold, Jaikisan, and Varuna.
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20. ‘Pitambari’ is a variety of
(a) Paddy
(b) Gram
(c) Mustard
(d) Wheat
[U.P. Lower Sub. (Pre) 2015]
Ans. (c) Mustard
- Pitambari (RYSK – 05-02) is a type of Yellow Mustard.
- It takes 110-115 days for Pitambari Mustard to mature and it produces an average of 1536 kg/per hectare.
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21. A large quantity of gypsum is required for –
(a) Rice cultivation
(b) Berseem cultivation
(c) Wheat cultivation
(d) Groundnut cultivation
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]
Ans. (d) Groundnut Cultivation
- A lot of gypsum is needed for growing Groundnuts.
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22. Kaushal is an improved variety of –
(a) Chickpea
(b) Cotton
(c) Groundnut
(d) Wheat
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2002]
Ans. (c) Groundnut
| (Crop) |
(Varieties) |
| Gram |
Pant-114, Gaurav, Radhe, K-4 |
| Cotton |
Suvin, Sujata, Desi Shyamli |
| Groundnut |
Chitra-64, Chandra, Kaushal |
| Wheat |
Kundan, Kalyan Sona, Sonalika |
|
23. ‘Safflower Tower’ is an oilseed crop. Its scientific name is:
(a) Glycine max
(b) Ricinus Communis
(c) Carthamus Tinctorius
(d) Bunchy top
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2016]
Ans. (c) Carthamus Tinctorius
- The scientific name for ‘Safflower Tower’ is Carthamus Tinctorius.
- The Seed is made up of 24-36% oil.
- Maharashtra and Karnataka are the two main states where safflower is grown.
- The oil is comparable to sunflower oil and contains a lot of linoleic acid (78%), which helps to lower blood cholesterol.
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Silk
1. Which state is the largest ‘silk’ producing state?
(a) Bihar
(b) Chattisgarh
(c) Karnataka
(d) Assam
[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]
Ans. (c) Karnataka
- The 2019-20 data shows that Karnataka is the biggest producer of mulberry silk in India, making up 44.1% of the total.
- In addition, Karnataka accounts for 31.1% of the national production of raw silk, with Andhra Pradesh coming in second at 22.2%.
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2. The country, which is the largest silk producer in the world, is
(a) India
(b) China
(c) Brazil
(d) Japan
(e) None of the above/More than one of the above
[64th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (b) China
- China is the number one maker of silk in the world, with India coming in second.
|
3. Which of the following States of India produces maximum silk yarn?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Punjab
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Karnataka
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (d) Karnataka
- Karnataka is the biggest producer of silk yarn in India (2019-20).
- India is the second-largest silk producer in the world after China.
- It is the only country to make all five types of silk, which are :
- Mulberry
- Eri
- Muga
- Tropical Tasar
- Temperate Tasar
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4. More than three-fourths of India’s production of raw silk comes from –
(a) Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka
(b) Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal
(c) Karnataka and Assam
(d) West Bengal and Manipur
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]
Ans. (a) Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka
- When asked, three-quarters of India’s raw silk production was from Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
- Now, in 2019-20, these two states alone produce more than half of India’s total raw silk.
|
5. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched:-
(a) Eri-silk – Assam
(b) Muga silk – Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Mulberry silk – Jharkhand
(d) Tasar silk – Karnataka
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (a) Eri-silk – Assam
- The correct match of given silk varieties and their relation with the states is as follows :
| Mulberry Silk |
Karnataka (44.1%) |
| Tasar Silk |
Jharkhand (76.48%) |
| Eri Silk |
Assam (70.09%) |
| Muga Silk |
Assam (82.28%) |
|
6. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the code given below :
1. Karnataka is the largest producer of raw silk in India
2. Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer of mulberry silk in India.
3. Jharkhand is the largest producer of Tasar silk in India.
4. Meghalaya is the largest producer of Eri silk in India.
Code :
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 4 only
[U.P.U.D.A./L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]
Ans. (c) 1 and 3 only
- The correct match of given silk varieties and their relation with the states is as follows :
| Mulberry Silk |
Karnataka |
| Tasar Silk |
Jharkhand |
| Eri Silk |
Assam |
| Muga Silk |
Assam |
|
7. The leading mulberry silk-producing Indian State is –
(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Karnataka
(d) West Bengal
[U.P. P.C.S. (Mains) 2017]
Ans. (c) Karnataka
- Karnataka is the leading state of Mulberry Silk production with 44.1 %.
|
8. Which of the following is NOT obtained from insects?
(a) Silk
(b) Honey
(c) Lac
(d) Pearl
[U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2018]
Ans. (d) Pearl
- Pearls come from mollusks, silk from silkworms, honey from honeybees, and lac from lac insects.
|
9. The silk produced by spiders is called
(a) Tussar silk
(b) Muga silk
(c) Gossamer silk
(d) Ahimsa
[U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]
Ans. (c) Gossamer Silk
- Tussar silk is sometimes called Wild Silk and comes from a yellow-brown moth known as Antheraea Paphia.
- Muga silk is only found in Assam and has a glossy, fine texture and is very long-lasting.
- Gossamer silk is very delicate and is used by spiderlings for flying.
- Ahimsa silk, also known as peace silk, is said to be made in a way that is kinder to the creatures that create it, unlike traditional methods which involve boiling cocoons.
|
10. Muga is such a variety of silk which is obtained in the world only from India in –
(a) Assam
(b) Bihar
(c) Karnataka
(d) Tamil Nadu
[U.P.P.C.S. (Spl) (Mains) 2008]
Ans. (a) Assam
- Muga silk is one of the rarest silks in the world.
- In 2019-20, the biggest producers of Muga silk were Assam (82.28%) and Meghalaya (14.5%).
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11. The discovery of Oak flora in 1966 added a new chapter to the history of Indian Sericulture. Which one of the following states is the leading producer of Oak Tasar silk?
(a) Assam
(b) Bihar
(c) Manipur
(d) Orissa
[I.A.S. (Pre) 1998]
Ans. (c) Manipur
- Jharkhand is the top state in India for producing tasar silk, which is divided into two types:
- Most of the tropical tasar is made in Jharkhand, while Oak tasar is made in Manipur.
- Therefore, option (c) is the right answer.
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12. Which of the following states of India is the largest producer of Silk Textiles?
(a) Karnataka
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) West Bengal
[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]
Ans. (a) Karnataka
- Karnataka makes the most silk clothing in India, and Andhra Pradesh comes in second.
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