Art & Culture Test 6
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Art & Culture Test 6
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Question 1 of 20
1. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following places have historical Jain sites
- Ellora
- Aihole
- Chanderi
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – D
- In the Deccan, some of the most architecturally important Jain sites can be found in Ellora and Aihole. Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- Karnataka has a rich heritage of Jain shrines and at Sravana Belagola the famous statue of Gomateshwara, the granite statue of Lord Bahubali which stands eighteen metres or fifty-seven feet high, is the world’s tallest monolithic free-standing structure. It was commissioned by Camundaraya, the General-in-Chief and Prime Minister of the Ganga Kings of Mysore.
- In central India, Deogarh, Khajuraho, Chanderi and Gwalior have some excellent examples of Jain temples. Hence statement 3 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – D
- In the Deccan, some of the most architecturally important Jain sites can be found in Ellora and Aihole. Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- Karnataka has a rich heritage of Jain shrines and at Sravana Belagola the famous statue of Gomateshwara, the granite statue of Lord Bahubali which stands eighteen metres or fifty-seven feet high, is the world’s tallest monolithic free-standing structure. It was commissioned by Camundaraya, the General-in-Chief and Prime Minister of the Ganga Kings of Mysore.
- In central India, Deogarh, Khajuraho, Chanderi and Gwalior have some excellent examples of Jain temples. Hence statement 3 is correct.
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Question 2 of 20
2. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following sites demonstrates Ravana shaking Kailash
Correct
Answer – A
- The theme of Ravana shaking Mount Kailasha has been depicted several times in the caves of Ellora. Hence option A is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – A
- The theme of Ravana shaking Mount Kailasha has been depicted several times in the caves of Ellora. Hence option A is correct.
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Question 3 of 20
3. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Khajuraho temples
- They are made up of sandstone
- Lakshmana temple is one of the many temples there
- They were patronised by Chandella dynasty
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – D
- The temples at Khajuraho are all made of sandstone. Hence statement 1 is true
- They were patronised by the Chandella dynasty. The Lakshamana temple represents the fullfledged, developed style of temple architecture during the time of the Chandellas. Its construction was completed by 954, the year as per the inscription found at the base of the temple, by Yashovarman, the seventh ruler of the Chandella dynasty. The temple plan is of a panchayana type. Hence statement 2 and 3 are true.
Incorrect
Answer – D
- The temples at Khajuraho are all made of sandstone. Hence statement 1 is true
- They were patronised by the Chandella dynasty. The Lakshamana temple represents the fullfledged, developed style of temple architecture during the time of the Chandellas. Its construction was completed by 954, the year as per the inscription found at the base of the temple, by Yashovarman, the seventh ruler of the Chandella dynasty. The temple plan is of a panchayana type. Hence statement 2 and 3 are true.
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Question 4 of 20
4. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements
- Mount Abu temple has prominently rich interior and simple exterior
- Shatrunjay hills has a scores of Jain temples clustered together
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – C
- Jain temples at Mount Abu were constructed by Vimal Shah. Notable for a simplistic exterior in contrast with the exuberant marble interiors, their rich sculptural decoration with deep undercutting creates a lace-like appearance. The temple is famous for its unique patterns on every ceiling, and the graceful bracket figures along the domed ceilings. Hence statement 1 is correct.
- The great Jain pilgrimage site in the Shatrunjay hills near Palitana in Kathiawar, Gujarat, is imposing with scores of temples clustered together. Hence statement 2 is true.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Jain temples at Mount Abu were constructed by Vimal Shah. Notable for a simplistic exterior in contrast with the exuberant marble interiors, their rich sculptural decoration with deep undercutting creates a lace-like appearance. The temple is famous for its unique patterns on every ceiling, and the graceful bracket figures along the domed ceilings. Hence statement 1 is correct.
- The great Jain pilgrimage site in the Shatrunjay hills near Palitana in Kathiawar, Gujarat, is imposing with scores of temples clustered together. Hence statement 2 is true.
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Question 5 of 20
5. Question
1 pointsAt which of the following places, bronze depicting Jain art forms have been found
- Akota
- Chausa
- Hansi
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – D
- Gujarat and Rajasthan have been strongholds of Jainism since early times.
- A famous hoard of Jain bronzes was found at Akota, on the outskirts of Baroda, dated between the end of the fifth and the end of the seventh century CE.
- Many famous Jain bronzes from Chausa in Bihar are now kept in the Patna Museum.
- Many Jain bronzes from Hansi in Haryana and from various sites in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka are kept in various museums in India.
- Hence all statements are correct.
Incorrect
Answer – D
- Gujarat and Rajasthan have been strongholds of Jainism since early times.
- A famous hoard of Jain bronzes was found at Akota, on the outskirts of Baroda, dated between the end of the fifth and the end of the seventh century CE.
- Many famous Jain bronzes from Chausa in Bihar are now kept in the Patna Museum.
- Many Jain bronzes from Hansi in Haryana and from various sites in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka are kept in various museums in India.
- Hence all statements are correct.
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Question 6 of 20
6. Question
1 pointsNalanda architecture is a mixture of architectural traditions of
- Sarnath
- Central India
- Bihar
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – D
- The sculptural art of Nalanda, in stucco, stone and bronze, developed out of a heavy dependence on the Buddhist Gupta art of Sarnath. By the ninth century a synthesis occurred between the Sarnath Gupta idiom, the local Bihar tradition, and that of central India, leading to the formation of the Nalanda school of sculpture characterised by distinctive facial features, body forms and treatment of clothing and jewellery. Hence all statements are correct.
Incorrect
Answer – D
- The sculptural art of Nalanda, in stucco, stone and bronze, developed out of a heavy dependence on the Buddhist Gupta art of Sarnath. By the ninth century a synthesis occurred between the Sarnath Gupta idiom, the local Bihar tradition, and that of central India, leading to the formation of the Nalanda school of sculpture characterised by distinctive facial features, body forms and treatment of clothing and jewellery. Hence all statements are correct.
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Question 7 of 20
7. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Nalanda University in ancient era
- It was a complex of many Chaityas
- All Buddhist doctrines were taught there
- The notes of Xuan Zang is the major source of its know how
Select the correct answer using codes given below
Correct
Answer – B
- The monastic university of Nalanda is a mahavihara as it is a complex of several monastries of various sizes. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
- Till date, only a small portion of this ancient learning centre has been excavated as most of it lies buried under contemporary civilisation, making further excavations almost impossible.
- All three Buddhist doctrines— Theravada, Mahayana and Vajrayana—were taught Hence statement 2 is correct.
- Most of the information about Nalanda is based on the records of Xuan Zang previously spelt as ‘Hsuan-tsang’— which states that the foundation of a monastery was laid by Kumargupta I in the fifth century CE; and this was carried forward by the later monarchs who built up a fantastic university here. Hence statement 3 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – B
- The monastic university of Nalanda is a mahavihara as it is a complex of several monastries of various sizes. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
- Till date, only a small portion of this ancient learning centre has been excavated as most of it lies buried under contemporary civilisation, making further excavations almost impossible.
- All three Buddhist doctrines— Theravada, Mahayana and Vajrayana—were taught Hence statement 2 is correct.
- Most of the information about Nalanda is based on the records of Xuan Zang previously spelt as ‘Hsuan-tsang’— which states that the foundation of a monastery was laid by Kumargupta I in the fifth century CE; and this was carried forward by the later monarchs who built up a fantastic university here. Hence statement 3 is correct.
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Question 8 of 20
8. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Nalanda architecture
- The sculptures are crowded
- Sculptures are predominantly in three dimensions
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – B
- The characteristic features of Nalanda art, distinguished by its consistently high quality workmanship, are that the precisely executed sculptures have an ordered appearance with little effect of crowding. Hence statements 1 is incorrect.
- Sculptures are also usually not flat in relief but are depicted in three-dimensional forms. The back slabs of the sculptures are detailed and the ornamentations delicate. Hence statements 2 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – B
- The characteristic features of Nalanda art, distinguished by its consistently high quality workmanship, are that the precisely executed sculptures have an ordered appearance with little effect of crowding. Hence statements 1 is incorrect.
- Sculptures are also usually not flat in relief but are depicted in three-dimensional forms. The back slabs of the sculptures are detailed and the ornamentations delicate. Hence statements 2 is correct.
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Question 9 of 20
9. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Mahabodhi temple
- The temple was reconstructed by the British
- Its first shrine is located at the base of Bodhi tree and was constructed by Ashoka
- It is built on nagara style
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – C
- Bodhgaya is a pilgrimage site since Siddhartha achieved enlightenment here and became Gautama Buddha.
- While the bodhi tree is of immense importance, the Mahabodhi Temple at Bodhgaya is an important reminder of the brickwork of that time.
- The first shrine here, located at the base of the Bodhi tree, is said to have been constructed by King Ashoka; the vedika around it is said to be post-Mauryan, of about 100 BCE; many of the sculptures in the niches in the temple are dated to the eighth century Pala Period, while the actual Mahabodhi temple itself as it stands now is largely a Colonial Period reconstruction of the old seventh century design. Hence both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- The design of the Mahabodhi temple is unusual. It is, strictly speaking, neither dravida or nagara. It is narrow like a nagara temple, but it rises without curving, like a dravida Hence statement 3 is also correct.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Bodhgaya is a pilgrimage site since Siddhartha achieved enlightenment here and became Gautama Buddha.
- While the bodhi tree is of immense importance, the Mahabodhi Temple at Bodhgaya is an important reminder of the brickwork of that time.
- The first shrine here, located at the base of the Bodhi tree, is said to have been constructed by King Ashoka; the vedika around it is said to be post-Mauryan, of about 100 BCE; many of the sculptures in the niches in the temple are dated to the eighth century Pala Period, while the actual Mahabodhi temple itself as it stands now is largely a Colonial Period reconstruction of the old seventh century design. Hence both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- The design of the Mahabodhi temple is unusual. It is, strictly speaking, neither dravida or nagara. It is narrow like a nagara temple, but it rises without curving, like a dravida Hence statement 3 is also correct.
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Question 10 of 20
10. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following sites has traces of only two religious beliefs
- Ellora
- Badami
- Khajuraho
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – B
- From the fifth to fourteenth centuries, Buddhist and Jain developments were equally vibrant as Hindu’s, and often went hand in-glove with Hindu ones.
- Sites such as Ellora have Buddhist, Hindu and Jain monuments; however, Badami, Khajuraho and Kannauj have the remains of any two of the religions right next to each other.
- Hence statements 2 and 3 are correct, while 1 is wrong
Incorrect
Answer – B
- From the fifth to fourteenth centuries, Buddhist and Jain developments were equally vibrant as Hindu’s, and often went hand in-glove with Hindu ones.
- Sites such as Ellora have Buddhist, Hindu and Jain monuments; however, Badami, Khajuraho and Kannauj have the remains of any two of the religions right next to each other.
- Hence statements 2 and 3 are correct, while 1 is wrong
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Question 11 of 20
11. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements
- There are substantially lesser amount of paintings found from Lower Paleolithic period
- In India, earliest paintings have been reported from Upper Paleolithic period
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – C
- Prehistoric paintings have been found in many parts of the world. We do not really know if Lower Palaeolithic people ever produced any art objects. Hence statement 1 is correct.
- But by the Upper Palaeolithic times we see a proliferation of artistic activities. Around the world the walls of many caves of this time are full of finely carved and painted pictures of animals which the cave-dwellers hunted. The subjects of their drawings were human figures, human activities, geometric designs and symbols.
- In India the earliest paintings have been reported from the Upper Palaeolithic times. Hence statement 2 is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Prehistoric paintings have been found in many parts of the world. We do not really know if Lower Palaeolithic people ever produced any art objects. Hence statement 1 is correct.
- But by the Upper Palaeolithic times we see a proliferation of artistic activities. Around the world the walls of many caves of this time are full of finely carved and painted pictures of animals which the cave-dwellers hunted. The subjects of their drawings were human figures, human activities, geometric designs and symbols.
- In India the earliest paintings have been reported from the Upper Palaeolithic times. Hence statement 2 is correct.
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Question 12 of 20
12. Question
1 pointsRock paintings of ancient period are primarily found in
- Uttarakhand
- Haryana
- Andhra Pardesh
Select the correct answer using codes given below
Correct
Answer – C
- Remnants of rock paintings have been found on the walls of the caves situated in several districts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Bihar.
- Some paintings have been reported from the Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand also. The rock shelters on banks of the River Suyal at Lakhudiyar, about twenty kilometres on the Almora– Barechina road, bear these prehistoric paintings. Lakhudiyar literally means one lakh caves. Hence statements 1 and 3 are correct.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- Remnants of rock paintings have been found on the walls of the caves situated in several districts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Bihar.
- Some paintings have been reported from the Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand also. The rock shelters on banks of the River Suyal at Lakhudiyar, about twenty kilometres on the Almora– Barechina road, bear these prehistoric paintings. Lakhudiyar literally means one lakh caves. Hence statements 1 and 3 are correct.
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Question 13 of 20
13. Question
1 pointsThe famous Lakhudiyar paintings from the prehistoric times are found in
Correct
Answer – A
- Some paintings have been reported from the Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand also. The rock shelters on banks of the River Suyal at Lakhudiyar, about twenty kilometres on the Almora– Barechina road, bear these prehistoric paintings. Lakhudiyar literally means one lakh caves. Hence option A is correct.
Incorrect
Answer – A
- Some paintings have been reported from the Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand also. The rock shelters on banks of the River Suyal at Lakhudiyar, about twenty kilometres on the Almora– Barechina road, bear these prehistoric paintings. Lakhudiyar literally means one lakh caves. Hence option A is correct.
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Question 14 of 20
14. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements about Upper Paleolithic paintings
- They were linear with simple stick like representation of humans
- They were generally in green and red colours
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – C
- The paintings of the Upper Palaeolithic phase are linear representations, in green and dark red, of huge animal figures, such as bisons, elephants, tigers, rhinos and boars besides stick-like human figures. Hence both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- A few are wash paintings but mostly they are filled with geometric patterns.
- The green paintings are of dancers and the red ones of hunters.
Incorrect
Answer – C
- The paintings of the Upper Palaeolithic phase are linear representations, in green and dark red, of huge animal figures, such as bisons, elephants, tigers, rhinos and boars besides stick-like human figures. Hence both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- A few are wash paintings but mostly they are filled with geometric patterns.
- The green paintings are of dancers and the red ones of hunters.
-
Question 15 of 20
15. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following statements is/are true about Mesolithic paintings
- The themes were varied, but hunting scenes dominate
- Size of paintings is small
- Men are shown wearing ornaments
Select the correct answer using codes below
Correct
Answer – D
- The largest number of paintings belong to Period II that covers the Mesolithic paintings.
- During this period the themes multiply but the paintings are smaller in size. Hunting scenes predominate. Hence statement 1and 2 are correct.
- The hunting scenes depict people hunting in groups, armed with barbed spears, pointed sticks, arrows and bows. In some paintings these primitive men are shown with traps and snares probably to catch animals.
- The hunters are shown wearing simple clothes and ornaments. Sometimes, men have been adorned with elaborate head-dresses, and sometimes painted with masks also. Hence statement 3 is right.
Incorrect
Answer – D
- The largest number of paintings belong to Period II that covers the Mesolithic paintings.
- During this period the themes multiply but the paintings are smaller in size. Hunting scenes predominate. Hence statement 1and 2 are correct.
- The hunting scenes depict people hunting in groups, armed with barbed spears, pointed sticks, arrows and bows. In some paintings these primitive men are shown with traps and snares probably to catch animals.
- The hunters are shown wearing simple clothes and ornaments. Sometimes, men have been adorned with elaborate head-dresses, and sometimes painted with masks also. Hence statement 3 is right.
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Question 16 of 20
16. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following are the classical dance form of India as recognised bySangeet Natak Akademi?
- Kuchipudi
- Kathak
- Sattriya
- Chhau
- Odissi
- Yakshagana
Correct
Solution: c
The Sangeet Natak Akademi recognizes eight – Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri and Mohiniyattam.
Ministry of Culture has recognised 09 classical dance forms including Chhau.
Incorrect
Solution: c
The Sangeet Natak Akademi recognizes eight – Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri and Mohiniyattam.
Ministry of Culture has recognised 09 classical dance forms including Chhau.
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Question 17 of 20
17. Question
1 pointsWith reference to Manipuri Sankirtana, consider the following statements:
- It is a song and dance performance.
- It is performed to narrate the life and deeds of Lord Krishna.
- Sankirtana encompasses an array of arts performed to mark religious occasions and various stages in the life of the Shaiva people of the Manipur.
- Cymbals are the only musical instruments used in the performance.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution: b
Sankirtana is one of the few important Indian heritages inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Statement 1 and 2: Sankirtana performers narrate the lives and deeds of Krishna through ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur.
Since drums are also used, statement 4 is incorrect.
Sankirtana encompasses an array of arts performed to mark religious occasions and various stages in the life of the Vaishnava people of the Manipur.
Reference: https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/sankirtana-ritual-singing-drumming-and-dancing-of-manipur-00843
Incorrect
Solution: b
Sankirtana is one of the few important Indian heritages inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Statement 1 and 2: Sankirtana performers narrate the lives and deeds of Krishna through ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur.
Since drums are also used, statement 4 is incorrect.
Sankirtana encompasses an array of arts performed to mark religious occasions and various stages in the life of the Vaishnava people of the Manipur.
Reference: https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/sankirtana-ritual-singing-drumming-and-dancing-of-manipur-00843
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Question 18 of 20
18. Question
1 pointsReference of Indian dance forms is found in:
Correct
Solution: b
The NāṭyaŚāstra is a Sanskrit text on the performing arts. The text is attributed to sage Bharata Muni. The Nāṭya Śāstra is notable as an ancient encyclopedic treatise on the arts, one which has influenced dance, music and literary traditions in India. The Natyashastra is the oldest surviving ancient Indian work on performance arts.
Incorrect
Solution: b
The NāṭyaŚāstra is a Sanskrit text on the performing arts. The text is attributed to sage Bharata Muni. The Nāṭya Śāstra is notable as an ancient encyclopedic treatise on the arts, one which has influenced dance, music and literary traditions in India. The Natyashastra is the oldest surviving ancient Indian work on performance arts.
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Question 19 of 20
19. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following are not correctly matched?
Correct
Solution: d
Yamini Krishnamurthy was the famous proponent of Kuchipudi dance. The other options are correctly matched.
Incorrect
Solution: d
Yamini Krishnamurthy was the famous proponent of Kuchipudi dance. The other options are correctly matched.
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Question 20 of 20
20. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following dances is/are in the UNESCO Intangible Heritage List?
Correct
Solution: b
A total of 13 Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) elements from India have been inscribed till date on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Chhau dance was inscribed in the list in 2010.
The other intangible cultural heritage elements are:
- Tradition of Vedic chanting
- Ramlila, the traditional performance of the Ramayana
- Kutiyattam, Sanskrit theatre
- Ramman, religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas, India
- Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala
- Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan
- Buddhist chanting of Ladakh
- Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur
- Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab
- Yoga
- Nowruz – Iranian New Year celebration
- Kumbh Mela
Incorrect
Solution: b
A total of 13 Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) elements from India have been inscribed till date on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Chhau dance was inscribed in the list in 2010.
The other intangible cultural heritage elements are:
- Tradition of Vedic chanting
- Ramlila, the traditional performance of the Ramayana
- Kutiyattam, Sanskrit theatre
- Ramman, religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas, India
- Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala
- Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan
- Buddhist chanting of Ladakh
- Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur
- Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab
- Yoga
- Nowruz – Iranian New Year celebration
- Kumbh Mela