{"id":358244,"date":"2024-01-21T15:43:11","date_gmt":"2024-01-21T10:13:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/?p=358244"},"modified":"2024-02-19T18:27:46","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T12:57:46","slug":"ecology-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u2013 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/environment-ecology-questions\/\"><strong>Read in English<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(b) \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0928<br \/>\n(c) \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932<br \/>\n(d) \u092a\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.R.O.\/A.R.O. (Pre) 2014]<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link 1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content 1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930&#8217; \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0940. \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0930 \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(b) \u0908. \u0939\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u091f\u0928 \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(c) \u0921\u0940.\u0906\u0930. \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094b\u0921\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(d) \u091f\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947<\/p>\n<p><strong>[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link 2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content 2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u091f\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f.\u091c\u0940. \u091f\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930&#8217; (Ecosystem) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u090f. \u091c\u0940. \u091f\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(b) \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(c) \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(d) \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2015]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link 3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content 3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u0941\u0932\u093e \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 (Input) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0939\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e\u0928 (Output) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0935 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A): \u091c\u0940\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u0941\u0932\u093e (\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0943\u0924) \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R): \u091c\u0940\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0928\u090f \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0927\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(b) (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<br \/>\n(c) (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(d) (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e (R) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>[R.O\/A.R.O. (Mains), 2017]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link 4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content 4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 (Biosphere) \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940, \u0936\u0948\u0932, \u091c\u0932 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0930\u0923-\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u0941\u0932\u093e \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Open System) \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 (Input) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0939\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e\u0928 (Output) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 (Nutrient) \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0924\u0915 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u090f\u0915\u0926\u093f\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (Trophic Level) \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0939\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e\u0928 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0943\u0939\u0926\u094d \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0932\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932<br \/>\n(b) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u092e<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932<br \/>\n(d) \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P. R.O. J.A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"5-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link 5-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('5', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"5-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"5-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content 5-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 (Biosphere) \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940, \u0936\u0948\u0932, \u091c\u0932 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935 (Living Organisms) \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0930\u0923-\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Basic Global System) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 (Biotic) \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 (Abiotic) \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u090f\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a (d) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938<br \/>\n(b) \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(c) \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0924 (\u0928\u093f\u091a)<br \/>\n(d) \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e<br \/>\n(e) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\/ \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<\/p>\n<p><strong>[B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (e) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\/ \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 (Actual location) \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 (Habitat) \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0939\u0926 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 &#8211; \u0935\u0928, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u0930\u0947\u0917\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928, \u091f\u0941\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915, &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e)&#8217; \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 (\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928\u093f\u0938) \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f<br \/>\n(b) \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 (\u0932\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(c) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 (\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<br \/>\n(d) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0924<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2015]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 (\u0911\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938) \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Ecosystem) \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0905\u0927\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0924\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f<br \/>\n(b) \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f<br \/>\n(d) \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u0948-<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-362102 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/11-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"426\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/11-1.png 426w, https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/11-1-300x168.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 426px) 100vw, 426px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0926\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0915\u0908 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092d\u0942-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u092d\u0942-\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c<br \/>\n(b) \u0916\u0947\u0924<br \/>\n(c) \u0935\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[Jharkhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0916\u0947\u0924<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u0928, \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092c\u0917\u0940\u091a\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Ecosystem) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u090f.\u091c\u0940. \u091f\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u091c\u094b \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 (Autotrophs) \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>3. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>4. \u0935\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0915 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u0915\u0942\u091f :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<br \/>\n(b) 1 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(c) 2 \u0914\u0930 4<br \/>\n(d) 3 \u0914\u0930 4<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.U.D.A.\/L.D.A. (Pre) 2002]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a5-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a5-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a5', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a5-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a5-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a5-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Ecosystem) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u090f.\u091c\u0940. \u091f\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948- (1) \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 (2) \u092a\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915 (Autotrophic Component) \u0935\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0936\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902<br \/>\n(b) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<br \/>\n(c) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902<br \/>\n(d) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a6-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a6-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a6', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a6-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a6-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a6-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A): \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f-\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0905\u0935\u092f\u0935 \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R): \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u0915\u0942\u091f :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(b) (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(c) (A) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(d) (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2021]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a7-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a7-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a7', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a7-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a7-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a7-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0905\u0935\u092f\u0935 \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>&#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930&#8217; \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0935 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0917\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u0942-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a (d) \u0905\u092d\u0940\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0924<br \/>\n(b) \u0935\u0928<br \/>\n(c) \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u091d\u0940\u0932<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a8-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a8-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a8', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a8-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a8-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a8-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0924<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u0928, \u091d\u0940\u0932 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0947\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u092f<br \/>\n(b) \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<br \/>\n(c) \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0940\u092f<br \/>\n(d) \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P. Lower Sub. (Spl.) (Pre) 2003]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"a9-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link a9-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('a9', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"a9-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"a9-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content a9-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 71 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u0935\u0928\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923<br \/>\n(c) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.U.D.A.\/L.D.A. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"b1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link b1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('b1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"b1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"b1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content b1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928<br \/>\n(b) \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(c) \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932<br \/>\n(d) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e<\/p>\n<p><strong>R.A.S.\/R.T.S. (Pre) 2012<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"b2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link b2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('b2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"b2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"b2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content b2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0917\u094c\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0917\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940<br \/>\n(c) \u0935\u0928-\u092e\u0939\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0935<br \/>\n(d) \u0935\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.R.O.\/A.R.O. (Pre) 2014]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"b3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link b3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('b3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"b3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"b3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content b3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0928 (\u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e) \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<br \/>\n(b) \u0935\u0928\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923<br \/>\n(c) \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"b4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link b4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('b4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"b4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"b4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content b4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928, \u0935\u0928\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0935 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0924\u093e<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0935-\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u0945\u092e\u093f\u0921<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"c1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link c1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('c1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"c1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"c1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content c1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e (Carrying Capacity) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0926, \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0926\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e (\u0908\u0915\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0928)<br \/>\n(b) \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0924\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938<br \/>\n(d) \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"c2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link c2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('c2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"c2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"c2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content c2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0926 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0918\u093e\u0938, \u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093e, \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a<br \/>\n(b) \u0918\u093e\u0938, \u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093e, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a, \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915<br \/>\n(c) \u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093e, \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915, \u0918\u093e\u0938, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a<br \/>\n(d) \u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093e, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a, \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915, \u0918\u093e\u0938<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0918\u093e\u0938, \u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093e, \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948-<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 99.7569%; height: 57px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center;\"><strong>(\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center;\"><strong> (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center;\"><strong>(\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: center;\"><strong>(\u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: left;\">\u0918\u093e\u0938<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: left;\">\u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093e<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: left;\">\u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; text-align: left;\">\u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0918\u093e\u0938-\u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902-\u0906\u092e<br \/>\n(b) \u0918\u093e\u0938-\u092c\u0915\u0930\u093e-\u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940<br \/>\n(c) \u092c\u0915\u0930\u093e-\u0915\u094c\u0906-\u0939\u093e\u0925\u0940<br \/>\n(d) \u0918\u093e\u0938-\u092e\u091b\u0932\u0940-\u092c\u0915\u0930\u093e<br \/>\n(e) \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0918\u093e\u0938-\u092c\u0915\u0930\u093e-\u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u093e\u0938, \u092c\u0915\u0930\u093e, \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915, \u092c\u0915\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941<br \/>\n(b) \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f<br \/>\n(c) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0941<br \/>\n(d) \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0930<\/p>\n<p><strong>[R.A.S\/R.T.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915 (Biotic Components) \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0909\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>3. \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0928\u093f\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e\/\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\/\u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 2<br \/>\n(c) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(d) \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 &#8216;\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e&#8217; \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0935 (\u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c-\u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941) \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u0925\u0928 (1) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u0925\u0928 (2) \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u0925\u0928 (3) \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u091a\u0940\u0902\u091f\u0940<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u0939\u093f\u0930\u0923<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>3. \u0932\u094b\u092e\u0921\u093c\u0940<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>4. \u092c\u093e\u0918<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f-<br \/>\n\u0915\u0942\u091f :<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) 1 \u090f\u0935\u0902 2<br \/>\n(b) 2 \u090f\u0935\u0902 3<br \/>\n(c) 1, 2 \u090f\u0935\u0902 3<br \/>\n(d) 2, 3 \u090f\u0935\u0902 4<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2006]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d5-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d5-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d5', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d5-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d5-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d5-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) 1 \u090f\u0935\u0902 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091a\u0940\u0902\u091f\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0915 (Decomposer) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0932\u0941\u0932\u094b\u091c\u093c \u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u0936 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0924\u093f\u0924\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f (\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0936\u0940\u091c) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \/ \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\/\u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\/\u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0935\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0902\u0921 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>3. \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0930\u094c\u0902, \u092e\u0915\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f-<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\n(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(d) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2017]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d6-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d6-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d6', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d6-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d6-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d6-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0924\u093f\u0924\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0923 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0924\u093f\u0924\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0926\u0938\u094d\u092f (Lower Member) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940, \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940, \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0922\u0915, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u092a \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0924\u093f\u0924\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e (\u092b\u0942\u0921 \u091a\u0947\u0928) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e<br \/>\n(d) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d7-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d7-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d7', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d7-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d7-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d7-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0936\u093e\u0915-\u0938\u092c\u094d\u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092d\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0928\u094d\u0915\u091f\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938<br \/>\n(b) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0924\u0943\u0923<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0943\u0924\u092c\u0940\u091c\u0940<br \/>\n(d) \u091c\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0938<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2005]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d8-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d8-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d8', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d8-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d8-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d8-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0928\u094d\u0915\u091f\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0928\u094d\u0915\u091f\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0928\u094d\u0915\u091f\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0917\u093e\u092f<br \/>\n(b) \u092e\u094b\u0930<br \/>\n(c) \u092c\u093e\u0918<br \/>\n(d) \u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d9-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d9-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d9', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d9-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d9-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d9-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>10. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941<br \/>\n(b) \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941<br \/>\n(d) \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a<\/p>\n<p><strong>[M.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d10-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d10-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d10', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d10-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d10-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d10-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0939\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>11. \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u091a\u094c\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092a\u0930\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940<br \/>\n(b) \u0935\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0915<br \/>\n(c) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e<\/p>\n<p><strong>[R.O.\/AR.O. (Mains) 2017]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d11-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d11-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d11', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d11-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d11-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d11-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0935\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u091a\u094c\u0932\u093f\u090f (Intermediaries) \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0913\u0930 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092f\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0943\u0926\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0935 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0935\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 (\u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902) \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>12. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 (\u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923\u091c) \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092a\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 (\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092e\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923\u091c) \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0939\u0948\/\u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 2<br \/>\n(c) 1 \u0924\u0925\u093e 2 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902<br \/>\n(d) \u0928 \u0924\u094b 1 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 2<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.R.O.\/A.R.O (Pre) 2017]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d12-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d12-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d12', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d12-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d12-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d12-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) 1 \u0924\u0925\u093e 2 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-\n<ul>\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u091f\u0915 (Autotrophic Component) \u0935\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-358427 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"393\" height=\"353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31.png 393w, https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31-300x269.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>13. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 &#8211; \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(b) \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u092f\u0935 &#8211; \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0941<br \/>\n(c) \u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 &#8211; \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(d) \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e- \u0917\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092c\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d13-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d13-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d13', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d13-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d13-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d13-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 &#8211; \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094c\u0927\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u092e\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0941 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u092f\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0917\u094d\u0932\u094b\u092c\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921, \u092e\u0940\u0925\u0947\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0917\u0948\u0938\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>14. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\/\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u0935\u093f\u0937\u093e\u0923\u0941<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u0915\u0935\u0915<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>3. \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0941<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(c) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(d) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d14-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d14-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d14', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d14-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d14-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d14-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0935\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u094c\u0917\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u092b\u0942\u0902\u0926, \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0941, \u0917\u094b\u0932\u0915\u0943\u092e\u093f, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091f\u094b\u091c\u094b\u0906 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u091a\u0941\u0906 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>15. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0921\u093e\u092f\u091f\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u091f\u092e \u0939\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917<br \/>\n(c) \u0921\u093e\u092f\u091f\u092e \u0939\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908<br \/>\n(d) \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u091f\u092e<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"d15-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link d15-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('d15', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"d15-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"d15-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content d15-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0921\u093e\u092f\u091f\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u0948-<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-362105 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/13-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/13-1.png 375w, https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/13-1-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u093f\u0923\u094d\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u0935\u0928\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0930\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2015]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u092c\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u094b\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f<br \/>\n(b) \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093e\u0938<br \/>\n(c) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.B.E.O. (Pre) 2019]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0938\u094c\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(b) \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(c) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0924\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(d) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) (Re-Exam) 2015]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e<br \/>\n(d) \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u094b\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e<br \/>\n(e) \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0921\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0928 (Lindeman, 1942) \u0928\u0947 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Ten percent Law) \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e (Net primary productivity) \u0915\u093e 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0907\u0938 \u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0936\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e, \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f, \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930) \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 10 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u0936\u093e\u092f\u0926 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e5-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e5-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e5', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e5-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e5-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e5-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u0938\u0926\u0948\u0935 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u091c\u092c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0939\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e (\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u093e\u0930) \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092e\u091b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0935\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(b) \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n(d) \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u0918\u091f \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.R.O.\/A.R.O. (Pre) 2017]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e6-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e6-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e6', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e6-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e6-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e6-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u091c\u092c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u093e\u0938 (\u0918\u091f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(b) \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(d) \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u0918\u091f \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/p>\n<p><strong>U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e7-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e7-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e7', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e7-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e7-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e7-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u091c\u092c \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u092c \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u093e\u0938 (\u0918\u091f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0940) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. \u091c\u0940\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921, \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0935\u0928<br \/>\n(b) \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c<br \/>\n(c) \u0918\u093e\u0938\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<br \/>\n(d) \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.S.C. (GIC) 2010]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e8-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e8-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e8', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e8-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e8-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e8-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0923 \u0915\u094b &#8216;\u091c\u0940\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921&#8217; \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e (Upright) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u091c\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c, \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u093f) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u0909\u0932\u091f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e (Inverted) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940<br \/>\n(b) \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<br \/>\n(c) \u0935\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u091f\u0941\u0902\u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e<\/p>\n<p><strong>[R.A.S.\/R.T.S. (Pre) 2021]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"e9-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link e9-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('e9', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"e9-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"e9-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content e9-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093e\u0938 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u092e\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 (Bionomics) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0925\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 &#8216;\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928&#8217;\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f (Synonym) \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>3. \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0915\u0942\u091f :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<br \/>\n(b) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<br \/>\n(c) 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(d) 1, 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P. U.D.A.\/L.D.A. (Pre) 2001]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"f1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link f1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('f1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"f1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"f1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content f1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) 2 \u0914\u0930 3<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0928\u0949\u092e\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 Bio \u0924\u0925\u093e nomics \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>Bio \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f nomics \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 nomos \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948, \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (law)\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0928\u0949\u092e\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 DDT \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u092d\u0947\u0915<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092a<br \/>\n(d) \u092e\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940<\/p>\n<p><strong>[L.A.S. (Pre) 1997]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"f2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link f2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('f2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"f2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"f2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content f2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 DDT \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e, \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091a\u0942\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092a \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0924\u0903 DDT \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u0942-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(b) \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u0942-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(c) \u092d\u0942-\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(d) \u092d\u0942-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012, 2020]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"g1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link g1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('g1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"g1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"g1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content g1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u0942-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0917\u092e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u0942-\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0948\u0935 \u092d\u0942\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(b) \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(c) \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<br \/>\n(d) \u0938\u0932\u094d\u092b\u0930 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2021]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"g2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link g2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('g2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"g2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"g2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content g2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0947\u091f \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0935 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0916\u0928\u0928 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0918\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0915\u0935\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(b) \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(c) \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"g3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link g3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('g3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"g3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"g3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content g3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0906\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094c\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0917 \u0932\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u092a\u0925\u0930\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u091c\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0928\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938, \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(b) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938, \u0928\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(c) \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938, \u0928\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(d) \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0928\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938, \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"g4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link g4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('g4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"g4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"g4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content g4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0928\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938, \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0913\u0921\u092e (Odum) \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948-<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-362107 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/14-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"227\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923&#8217; \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u090f\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br \/>\n(b) \u092c\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br \/>\n(c) \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<br \/>\n(d) \u0930\u0947\u091f\u091c\u0947\u0932 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"g5-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link g5-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('g5', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"g5-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"g5-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content g5-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u092c\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923&#8217; \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u091c\u0949\u0928 \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942. \u092c\u0947\u0928\u0947\u091f (John W. Bennett) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1976 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 &#8220;\u0926\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0936\u0928 : \u0915\u0932\u094d\u091a\u0930\u0932 \u090f\u0902\u0925\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u0940 \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0928 \u090f\u0921\u093e\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928&#8221; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u091c\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<br \/>\n(b) \u0938\u0940\u092f\u0930<br \/>\n(c) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940<br \/>\n(d) \u091c\u0948\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0921<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"g6-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link g6-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('g6', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"g6-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"g6-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content g6-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0938\u0940\u092f\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u091c\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u092f\u0930 (Sere) \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u090f\u092a\u093f\u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<br \/>\n(b) \u0928\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0926\u093e \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0935 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<br \/>\n(c) \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2007]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"h1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link h1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('h1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"h1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"h1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content h1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8216;\u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094b&#8217; \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0925\u093e- &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0903 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e 1970 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u091f \u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u0928 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. &#8216;\u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094b&#8217; \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947<br \/>\n(b) \u092c\u093e\u0918 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947<br \/>\n(c) \u0918\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947<br \/>\n(d) \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u0928\u0928 \u0938\u0947<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2015]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"h2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link h2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('h2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"h2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"h2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content h2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u092a\u093e\u0926\u092a \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0938\u0947<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8216;\u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u094b&#8217; \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u0947\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u091b\u093e\u092a \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u090f\u0938\u0947\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u091b\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930<br \/>\n(b) \u0928\u0948\u0928\u094b\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930<br \/>\n(c) \u0939\u0949\u092a\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u092b\u0941\u091f<br \/>\n(d) \u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u0928<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P. R.O.\/A.R.O (Pre) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"i1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link i1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('i1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"i1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"i1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content i1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u091b\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930 (Global Hectares) \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u091c\u093e\u0924<br \/>\n(b) \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u091b\u093e\u092a<br \/>\n(c) \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u092e<br \/>\n(d) \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0924<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"i2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link i2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('i2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"i2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"i2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content i2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u091b\u093e\u092a<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0939 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0942 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u091b\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0925\u0928 &#8216;\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f&#8217; \u092a\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948? \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u0928 CO, \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0936\u094d\u092e \u0908\u0902\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(c) \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0936\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 (Climate refugee) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u090f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938<br \/>\n(d) \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0936\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u092a\u0926\u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre.) 2020]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"i3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link i3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('i3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"i3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"i3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content i3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u0928 CO, \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f (\u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902) \u0915\u094b &#8216;\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f&#8217; (Social cost of carbon) \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. &#8216;\u092e\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u090f\u0938\u0947\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f&#8217; \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928, \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923, \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<br \/>\n(b) \u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<br \/>\n(c) \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0923<br \/>\n(d) \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2012]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"i4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link i4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('i4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"i4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"i4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content i4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0923<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092c\u092c\u0942\u0932<br \/>\n(b) \u092f\u0942\u0915\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0938<br \/>\n(c) \u0928\u0940\u092e<br \/>\n(d) \u092a\u0940\u092a\u0932<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2011, <\/strong><strong>U.P. U.D.A. L.D.A. (Mains) 2010]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j1-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j1-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j1', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j1-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j1-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j1-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u092f\u0942\u0915\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0938<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092f\u0942\u0915\u0947\u0932\u093f\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0932 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u094b \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8216;\u0932\u0948\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938&#8217; \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u0932\u0926\u0932<br \/>\n(b) \u091d\u0930\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u0926\u0940<br \/>\n(c) \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0928\u0926\u0940<br \/>\n(d) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u092d\u0940<\/p>\n<p><strong>[M.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2014]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j2-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j2-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j2', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j2-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j2-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j2-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0926\u0932\u0926\u0932<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0948\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947- \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f, \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c, \u091d\u0940\u0932, \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0936\u092f \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0926\u094b \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0907\u0915\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092a<br \/>\n(b) \u0907\u0915\u0947\u0921<br \/>\n(c) \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0940\u092f\u0930<br \/>\n(d) \u0907\u0915\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0928<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2012]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j3-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j3-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j3', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j3-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j3-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j3-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0907\u0915\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0926\u094b \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0907\u0915\u094b\u091f\u094b\u0928 \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092e\u0930\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<br \/>\n(b) \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924<br \/>\n(c) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930<br \/>\n(d) \u0935\u0928<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2013]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j4-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j4-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j4', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j4-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j4-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j4-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u0917\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0935\u0928<br \/>\n(b) \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928<br \/>\n(c) \u0930\u0947\u0917\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/p>\n<p><strong>[R.A.S.\/R.T.S. (Pre) 2008]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j5-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j5-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j5', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j5-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j5-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j5-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u00a0\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930, \u091d\u0940\u0932, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935<br \/>\n(b) \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u091d\u0940\u0932<br \/>\n(c) \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u091d\u0940\u0932, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930<br \/>\n(d) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930, \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935, \u091d\u0940\u0932, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2013, <\/strong><strong>U.P.R.O.\/A.R.O. (Pre) 2021]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j6-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j6-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j6', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j6-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j6-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j6-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u091d\u0940\u0932, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0924\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0939\u0948- \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0935, \u0918\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u091d\u0940\u0932, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e &#8216;\u0917\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940&#8217; (\u0921\u0940\u092a \u0907\u0915\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u0940) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0908.\u092a\u0940. \u0913\u0921\u092e \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(b) \u0938\u0940. \u0930\u094c\u0928\u0915\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(c) \u090f\u092b.\u0908. \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(d) \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0940\u091c \u0928\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u0947<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2014]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j7-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j7-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j7', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j7-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j7-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j7-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0940\u091c \u0928\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u0947<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0940\u091c \u0928\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1973 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e &#8216;\u0917\u0939\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940&#8217; \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. \u092e\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u092e\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 (\u090f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0930\u092e) \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u090f\u092b.\u0908. \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938<br \/>\n(b) \u0938\u0940.\u0938\u0940. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915<br \/>\n(c) \u0921\u0940.\u0935\u0940. \u0905\u0917\u0930<br \/>\n(d) \u090f\u0938.\u091c\u0947. \u0917\u0942\u0932\u094d\u0921<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.R.O.\/A.R.O. (Pre) 2021]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j8-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j8-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j8', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j8-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j8-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j8-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u090f\u092b.\u0908. \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092e\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u092e\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u090f\u092b.\u0908. \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u0947 (\u0906\u0932\u093e) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(b) \u0921\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(c) \u0908.\u092a\u0940. \u0913\u0921\u092e \u0928\u0947<br \/>\n(d) \u0938\u0940.\u0938\u0940. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0928\u0947<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2005]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j9-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j9-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j9', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j9-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j9-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j9-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (a) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u0947<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u0947 (Niche) \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u091c\u094b\u0938\u0947\u092b \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0932 (Joseph Grinnell) \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 1917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e-\u0906\u0935\u093e\u0938 (Micro-Habitats) \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>10. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u090f\u0915\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928<br \/>\n(b) \u0939\u0948\u0932\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928<br \/>\n(c) \u092a\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928<br \/>\n(d) \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j10-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j10-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j10', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j10-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j10-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j10-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (c) \u092a\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0939\u0948\u0932\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>11. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 (\u0905\u092a\u0935\u0947\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e\/\u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e\u091c\u0940\u0935\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>3. \u0905\u0927\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\/\u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) 1 \u0914\u0930 2<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 2<br \/>\n(c) 2 \u0914\u0930 3<br \/>\n(d) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 3<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2011]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j11-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j11-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j11', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j11-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j11-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j11-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u094b, \u0938\u0918\u0928, \u0920\u0902\u0921\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091c\u0932 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0937\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u0906 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>12. &#8216;\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915-\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902&#8217; \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u093e\/ \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\/\u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915-\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f\u091c\u0940\u0935 (\u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u092f, 1972 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>2. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915-\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 1<br \/>\n(b) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 2<br \/>\n(c) 1 \u0914\u0930 2 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902<br \/>\n(d) \u0928 \u0924\u094b 1 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 2<\/p>\n<p><strong>[I.A.S. (Pre) 2014]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j12-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j12-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j12', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j12-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j12-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j12-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) \u0928 \u0924\u094b 1 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 (\u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923) \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e, 1986 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u0925\u0928 (1) \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0937\u0947\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u0925\u0928 (2) \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a (d) \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>13. \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A): \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0905\u0935\u092f\u0935 \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915- \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R): \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964<br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u0915\u0942\u091f :<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a) (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(b) (A) \u0914\u0930 (R) \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R), (A) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(c) (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948<br \/>\n(d) (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/p>\n<p><strong>[U.P.R.O.\/A.R.O. (Mains) 2016]<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"j13-link-358244\" class=\"sh-link j13-link sh-hide\"><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"showhide_toggle('j13', 358244, 'See Answer &amp; Explanation', 'Hide'); return false;\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span id=\"j13-toggle-358244\">See Answer &amp; Explanation<\/span><\/a><\/div><div id=\"j13-content-358244\" class=\"sh-content j13-content sh-hide\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930- (d) (A) \u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 (R) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: #ffeded; border-radius: 6px; border-style: hidden; border-color: #000000; height: 56px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 56px;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0905\u0935\u092f\u0935 \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0915\u0925\u0928 (A) \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u092e\u0947\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 (R) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read in English 1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0948- (a) \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 (b) \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[215],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-358244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environment-ecology-current-affairs"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u2013 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 - IASbook<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u2013 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 - IASbook\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Read in English 1. \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0939\u0948- (a) \u091c\u0940\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 (b) \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IASbook\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-21T10:13:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-02-19T12:57:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/11-1.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"IASbook\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"IASbook\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"31 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"IASbook\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/#\/schema\/person\/630a491091137b169cbd0eaf2b37007b\"},\"headline\":\"\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u2013 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-21T10:13:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-02-19T12:57:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/\"},\"wordCount\":2112,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/11-1.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.iasbook.com\/hindi\/ecology-questions\/\",\"name\":\"\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u2013 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 - 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